FACTOID # 83: More than half of Indonesia's primary school teachers are under 30years of age .
 
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Bob Lee (Nashua, NH, USA) on Encyclopedia > Light Horse Harry Lee 2497 days 6 minutes 29 seconds ago Light Horse Harry Lee's fifth son was Robert EDWARD Lee, not Robert Earl.
Scruples (Canada) on Crime > Rapes (per capita) 2510 days 14 hours 41 minutes 14 seconds ago Some interesting statistics on rape in the U.S. at http://www.paralumun.com/issuesrapestats.htm You can't talk about "rape" without defining it. Many definitions are "sexual penetration without consent", which means that a husband can rape a wife. (Yet if a woman claims she was raped, we usually assume it was by a man who was not her husband.) Not only can you not talk about it without defining it, but there are no reliable statistics on it because many women do not report rape, for many different reasons. All we can say is that the reported statistics represent the very minimum.
Gabriele (Italy) on Encyclopedia > Peoples Republic of China 2515 days 22 hours 38 minutes 26 seconds ago At page http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Peoples-Republic-of-China

the link of this article

Chinese Threat to American Leadership in Space
http://www.globalpolitician.com/articles.asp?ID=225

is broken

Please replace it with what follows

"The Chinese Threat to American Leadership in Space", analysis by Gabriele Garibaldi
http://taiwansecurity.org/IS/2004/IS-Garibaldi-0704.htm


Kind regards,

Gabriele Garibaldi
me (barcelona) on Encyclopedia > Catalonia 2516 days 3 hours 3 minutes 49 seconds ago Hello,
On June 18th, 2006, the Catalans passed the new Statute of Autonomy in a referendum, after wide criticism and controversy inside and outside Catalonia.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/5091572.stm

http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/19/world/europe/19catalonia.html?ex=1151640000&en=04723fb9c6655a1d&ei=5070

http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/22/opinion/22Thur3.html?_r=1&oref=slogin
oil drinker (from our oil reserves) on Energy > Oil > production 2520 days 20 hours 24 minutes 23 seconds ago Here's you're top five as of 2005, from CIA World Factbook:

#1 Saudi Arabi 9.475 million bbl/day (2005 est.)
#2 Russia 9.15 million bbl/day (2005 est.)
#3 USA 7.61 million bbl/day (2005 est.)
#4 Iran 3.979 million bbl/day (2005 est.)
#5 Mexico 3.42 million bbl/day (2005 est.)
http://vlib.iue.it/carrie/texts/carrie_b (Florence, Italy) on Encyclopedia > Hasan Paksoy 2534 days 16 hours 50 minutes 58 seconds ago http://vlib.iue.it/carrie/texts/carrie_books/index.html

Professor H.B. Paksoy
books moved to the European University Institute
(URL above)
Victor (Portugal) on Crime > Death penalty > Abolition date 2543 days 23 hours 28 minutes 41 seconds ago In Spain, in 1978, the dead penalty was only abolished for ordinary crimes. See http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_dea_pen_abo_for_ord_cri

This page refers to all types of crimes (including military and war crimes).
Susan Ecclestone (Canada) on Environment > international agreements > signed but not ratified 2555 days 19 hours 29 minutes 33 seconds ago Re -- Stats > Environment > International agreements > Signed but not ratified

Canada has ratified the Environmental Protocol to the Antarctic Treaty in November 2003. See the following website for confirmation.

http://www.cep.aq/default.asp?casid=5078
Anaximandros on Greece Profile 2587 days 16 hours 45 minutes 52 seconds ago Some thoughts on minorities.

Regarding the Turkish speaking minority in Thrace and some Aegean islands. They number about 120,000 and enjoy full political and educational rights. They elect two representatives in the house of parliament. Since the abolishment of a law in 1997 that had in the past been used to strip them of Greek citizenship there are few outstanding humanitarian issues. There are also quotas reserved (2%) for Greek Muslim students on all universities as part of an affirmative action program. The Lausanne Treaty stipulated the presence of 100,000 Turks in Greece (Thrace) and 150,000 Greeks in Turkey (Istanbul and two islands). While the former are still there, alive and thriving the later have been ethnically cleansed, with the worst persecution being the infamous 1955 Istanbul Pogrom which claimed the lives of hundreds of Greeks and destroyed thousands of their homes, businesses and churches. The survivors left in thousands and today the Greek speaking population in the city that Greeks founded as Byzantium over three thousand years ago is barely two thousand old men and women. In fact it is to those Greeks whom it has so casually cleansed that Turkey and Islam owe their symbol, the Crescent Moon, since this was a device painted on Constantinopolitan house doors to commemorate the salvation of their city from the besieging army of Phillip II, which they attributed to Artemis, one of whose symbol’s was the Crescent Moon.
Paul Knowles on Encyclopedia > Ascension Island 2591 days 12 hours 53 minutes 36 seconds ago The International dialing code for Ascension Island is 247 (not the one posted above: 13-04-06)
Staff Editor on Turkey Profile 2600 days 2 hours 52 minutes 48 seconds ago Staff response to Oscar, comment posted on 2005-06-25 16:10:12

hungarians are not considered to be mongoloid, because they moved from Mongolia in the 9th century so they more than 1100 years to get mixed with other races, mostly because Hungary was always invaded by other nations: turks, tartars, austrians, russians.
Jarkko on 2602 days 45 minutes 31 seconds ago Finland has one 1600 MW reactor under construction (source http://www.tvo.fi/488.htm). So that would be like 306 MW per 1 million people.
Kj3dP04xEh on Encyclopedia > Start up 2663 days 10 hours 54 minutes 23 seconds ago lewis than pleasure
zetia

norpace

capoten

naltrexone

duragesic

pilocarpine

levoxyl

glucovance

florinef

macrobid

clemastine

flutamide

adapalene

rebetol

viramune

alkeran

combivent

meperidine

pediacare

ceftin

duricef

stavudine

dipyridamole

persantine

disopyramide

valsartan

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rythmol

fiorinal

tritan
Edward J. Donnell III on Encyclopedia > Battle of Santiago de Cuba 2684 days 19 hours 44 minutes 12 seconds ago The statistics for the Battle of Santiago de Cuba, 3 July 1898, have a few errors: US deaths where one, not two, Chief Yeoman George H Ellis of the US Armoured Cruiser Brooklyn was decapitated by a passing shell,and his jawbone, cut the neck of engineer Burns, who was wounded, but not killed. Also therewhere not 5 Battleships at time of battle, there where 4,Iowa, Texas,Oregon, and Indiana, and one aromoured cruiser, the Brooklyn, (Battle ship USS Massachusettes left to re-coal earlier, and Armoured Cruiser USS New York was out of range, heaading away for a meeting of local commanders on land) which lead the US ships, and bore the brunt of the spanish guns. also there was the armed (wooden) yacht Glouster, which took on both the larger and more powerful Spanish gunboats. This may sound trivial to you, but I study the Battle and research all the ships,sailors and accounts written at the time, and till now, and sometimes a fact gets changed, and the change get adopted as the original correct info. Just thought I'd bring this to your atention.
Danny on Israel Profile 2694 days 1 hour 18 minutes 48 seconds ago To #2,
The term "Palestine" is believed to be derived from the Philistines, an Aegean people who, in the 12th Century B.C.E., settled along the Mediterranean coastal plain of what are now Israel and the Gaza Strip. In the second century C.E., after crushing the last Jewish revolt, the Romans first applied the name Palaestina to Judea (the southern portion of what is now called the West Bank) in an attempt to minimize Jewish identification with the land of Israel. The Arabic word "Filastin" is derived from this Latin name.

The Hebrews entered the Land of Israel about 1300 B.C.E., living under a tribal confederation until being united under the first monarch, King Saul. The second king, David, established Jerusalem as the capital around 1000 B.C.E. David's son, Solomon built the Temple soon thereafter and consolidated the military, administrative and religious functions of the kingdom. The nation was divided under Solomon's son, with the northern kingdom (Israel) lasting until 722 B.C.E., when the Assyrians destroyed it, and the southern kingdom (Judah) surviving until the Babylonian conquest in 586 B.C.E. The Jewish people enjoyed brief periods of sovereignty afterward before most Jews were finally driven from their homeland in 135 C.E.

Jewish independence in the Land of Israel lasted for more than 400 years. This is much longer than Americans have enjoyed independence in what has become known as the United States. In fact, if not for foreign conquerors, Israel would be 3,000 years old today.

Palestine was never an exclusively Arab country, although Arabic gradually became the language of most the population after the Muslim invasions of the seventh century. No independent Arab or Palestinian state ever existed in Palestine. When the distinguished Arab-American historian, Princeton University Prof. Philip Hitti, testified against partition before the Anglo-American Committee in 1946, he said: "There is no such thing as 'Palestine' in history, absolutely not."

Prior to partition, Palestinian Arabs did not view themselves as having a separate identity. When the First Congress of Muslim-Christian Associations met in Jerusalem in February 1919 to choose Palestinian representatives for the Paris Peace Conference, the following resolution was adopted:

We consider Palestine as part of Arab Syria, as it has never been separated from it at any time. We are connected with it by national, religious, linguistic, natural, economic and geographical bonds.

In 1937, a local Arab leader, Auni Bey Abdul-Hadi, told the Peel Commission, which ultimately suggested the partition of Palestine: "There is no such country [as Palestine]! 'Palestine' is a term the Zionists invented! There is no Palestine in the Bible. Our country was for centuries part of Syria."

The representative of the Arab Higher Committee to the United Nations submitted a statement to the General Assembly in May 1947 that said "Palestine was part of the Province of Syria" and that, "politically, the Arabs of Palestine were not independent in the sense of forming a separate political entity." A few years later, Ahmed Shuqeiri, later the chairman of the PLO, told the Security Council: "It is common knowledge that Palestine is nothing but southern Syria."

Palestinian Arab nationalism is largely a post-World War I phenomenon that did not become a significant political movement until after the 1967 Six-Day War and Israel's capture of the West Bank.

A common misperception is that all the Jews were forced into the Diaspora by the Romans after the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem in the year 70 C.E. and then, 1,800 years later, suddenly returned to Palestine demanding their country back. In reality, the Jewish people have maintained ties to their historic homeland for more than 3,700 years.

The Jewish people base their claim to the Land of Israel on at least four premises: 1) the Jewish people settled and developed the land; 2) the international community granted political sovereignty in Palestine to the Jewish people; 3) the territory was captured in defensive wars and 4) God promised the land to the patriarch Abraham.

Even after the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem and the beginning of the exile, Jewish life in the Land of Israel continued and often flourished. Large communities were reestablished in Jerusalem and Tiberias by the ninth century. In the 11th century, Jewish communities grew in Rafah, Gaza, Ashkelon, Jaffa and Caesarea.

The Crusaders massacred many Jews during the 12th century, but the community rebounded in the next two centuries as large numbers of rabbis and Jewish pilgrims immigrated to Jerusalem and the Galilee. Prominent rabbis established communities in Safed, Jerusalem and elsewhere during the next 300 years. By the early 19th century — years before the birth of the modern Zionist movement — more than 10,000 Jews lived throughout what is today Israel.

The 78 years of nation-building, beginning in 1870, culminated in the reestablishment of the Jewish State.

Israel's international "birth certificate" was validated by the promise of the Bible; uninterrupted Jewish settlement from the time of Joshua onward; the Balfour Declaration of 1917; the League of Nations Mandate, which incorporated the Balfour Declaration; the United Nations partition resolution of 1947; Israel's admission to the UN in 1949; the recognition of Israel by most other states; and, most of all, the society created by Israel's people in decades of thriving, dynamic national existence.

As for Jerusalem, Jews have been living in Jerusalem continuously for nearly two millennia. They have constituted the largest single group of inhabitants there since the 1840's. Jerusalem contains the Western Wall of the Temple Mount, the holiest site in Judaism.

Jerusalem was never the capital of any Arab entity. In fact, it was a backwater for most of Arab history. Jerusalem never served as a provincial capital under Muslim rule nor was it ever a Muslim cultural center. For Jews, the entire city is sacred, but Muslims revere a site — the Dome of the Rock — not the city. "To a Muslim," observed British writer Christopher Sykes, "there is a profound difference between Jerusalem and Mecca or Medina. The latter are holy places containing holy sites." Besides the Dome of the Rock, he noted, Jerusalem has no major Islamic significance.

Ever since King David made Jerusalem the capital of Israel more than 3,000 years ago, the city has played a central role in Jewish existence. The Western Wall in the Old City — the last remaining wall of the ancient Jewish Temple, the holiest site in Judaism — is the object of Jewish veneration and the focus of Jewish prayer. Three times a day, for thousands of years, Jews have prayed "To Jerusalem, thy city, shall we return with joy," and have repeated the Psalmist's oath: "If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand forget her cunning."
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