Environment Stats: compare key data on Azerbaijan & United Kingdom

Definitions

Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.
CO2 Emissions per 1000: CO2: Total Emissions (excluding land-use) Units: thousand metric tonnes of carbon dioxide. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > Million metric tons: CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production is the sum of three IEA categories of CO2 emissions: (1) Main Activity Producer Electricity and Heat which contains the sum of emissions from main activity producer electricity generation, combined heat and power generation and heat plants. Main activity producers (formerly known as public utilities) are defined as those undertakings whose primary activity is to supply the public. They may be publicly or privately owned. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 1 a. For the CO2 emissions from fuel combustion (summary) file, emissions from own on-site use of fuel in power plants (EPOWERPLT) are also included. (2) Unallocated Autoproducers which contains the emissions from the generation of electricity and/or heat by autoproducers. Autoproducers are defined as undertakings that generate electricity and/or heat, wholly or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, these emissions would normally be distributed between industry, transport and "other" sectors. (3) Other Energy Industries contains emissions from fuel combusted in petroleum refineries, for the manufacture of solid fuels, coal mining, oil and gas extraction and other energy-producing industries. This corresponds to the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 1 b and 1 A 1 c. According to the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, emissions from coke inputs to blast furnaces can either be counted here or in the Industrial Processes source/sink category. Within detailed sectoral calculations, certain non-energy processes can be distinguished. In the reduction of iron in a blast furnace through the combustion of coke, the primary purpose of the coke oxidation is to produce pig iron and the emissions can be considered as an industrial process. Care must be taken not to double count these emissions in both Energy and Industrial Processes. In the IEA estimations, these emissions have been included in this category.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > Million metric tons per million: CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production is the sum of three IEA categories of CO2 emissions: (1) Main Activity Producer Electricity and Heat which contains the sum of emissions from main activity producer electricity generation, combined heat and power generation and heat plants. Main activity producers (formerly known as public utilities) are defined as those undertakings whose primary activity is to supply the public. They may be publicly or privately owned. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 1 a. For the CO2 emissions from fuel combustion (summary) file, emissions from own on-site use of fuel in power plants (EPOWERPLT) are also included. (2) Unallocated Autoproducers which contains the emissions from the generation of electricity and/or heat by autoproducers. Autoproducers are defined as undertakings that generate electricity and/or heat, wholly or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, these emissions would normally be distributed between industry, transport and "other" sectors. (3) Other Energy Industries contains emissions from fuel combusted in petroleum refineries, for the manufacture of solid fuels, coal mining, oil and gas extraction and other energy-producing industries. This corresponds to the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 1 b and 1 A 1 c. According to the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, emissions from coke inputs to blast furnaces can either be counted here or in the Industrial Processes source/sink category. Within detailed sectoral calculations, certain non-energy processes can be distinguished. In the reduction of iron in a blast furnace through the combustion of coke, the primary purpose of the coke oxidation is to produce pig iron and the emissions can be considered as an industrial process. Care must be taken not to double count these emissions in both Energy and Industrial Processes. In the IEA estimations, these emissions have been included in this category. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Current issues: This entry lists the most pressing and important environmental problems. The following terms and abbreviations are used throughout the entry:
Ecological footprint: Ecological footprint per capita
Units: Hectares per Person
Forest area > Sq. km > Per capita: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Marine fish catch: Total marine fish catch
Units: Metric Tons
Pollution perceptions > Air pollution: Air Pollution. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the quality of air in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution perceptions > Air quality: Air quality. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the quality of air in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution perceptions > Clean water: Water Quality. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you concerned with the water pollution in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution perceptions > Drinking water pollution: Drinking Water Pollution and Inaccessibility. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How do you find quality and the accessibility of drinking water?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution perceptions > Water pollution: Water Pollution. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you concerned with the water pollution in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Proportion of land area under protection: Terrestrial areas protected to total surface area, percentage.
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day: Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Waste > Local garbage collected: Municipal waste collected.
Marine fish catch per 1000: Total marine fish catch
Units: Metric Tons. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Water > Severe water stress: Percent of country's territory under severe water stress
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: This data is derived from the WaterGap 2.1 gridded hydrological model developed by the Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, Germany. The modellers derived, for each country, grid cell by grid cell estimates of whether the water consumption exceeds 40 percent of the water available in that particular grid cell. These were then converted to land area equivalents in order to calculate the percentage of the territory under severe water stress.
Pollution perceptions > Noise and light pollution: Noise and Light Pollution. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How concerned are you with noise pollution and light during the night in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Endangered species > Mammal species > Number: Mammal species are mammals excluding whales and porpoises. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
Biodiversity > Mammal species, threatened: Mammal species, threatened. Mammal species are mammals excluding whales and porpoises. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Pollution perceptions > Drinking water quality: Drinking Water Quality and Accessibility. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How do you find quality and the accessibility of drinking water?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
CO2 emissions > Kt: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Pollution perceptions > Pollution index: Pollution Index is an estimation of the overall pollution in the city. The biggest weight is given to air pollution, than to water pollution/accessibility, two main pollution factors. Small weight is given to other pollution types.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban and rural: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, total.
National parks > Number of parks: Number of parks.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita: CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Biodiversity > Bird species, threatened: Bird species, threatened. Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Carbon efficiency: Carbon economic efficiency (CO2 emissions per dollar GDP)
Units: Metric Tons/US Dollar GDP
CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Endangered species > Bird species: Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Total renewable water resources per million: . Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
SO2 emissions per populated area: SO2 emissions per populated land area
Units: 1000 Metric Tons/Sq. Km. of Populated Land Area
Units: We obtained the total emissions for each country by summarizing emissions data, originally available as a grid map with 1 degree x 1 degree cells. Air pollution is generally greatest in densely populated areas. To take this into account, we used the Gridded Population of the World dataset available from CIESIN and calculated the total land area in each country inhabited with a population density of greater than 5 persons per sq. km. We then used this land area as a denominator for the emissions data.
Waste > Hazardous waste created: Annual generation of hazardous waste (as defined by the Basel Convention).
Waste > Local garbage collected per thousand people: Municipal waste collected. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Biodiversity > Fish species, threatened: Fish species, threatened. Fish species are based on Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt: CO2 emissions (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
CO2 emissions > Kt > Per capita: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Endangered species > Fish species > Number: Fish species are based on Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day: Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution perceptions > Waste management dissatisfaction: Dissatisfaction with Garbage Disposal. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with a garbage disposal in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution > Climate change > Agrees climate change is caused by human activity: Percentage of population who responded yes when asked if they believed global warming was a result of human activities. In this survey, global warming refers to the current rise in earth's temperature and not climate change as a whole.
Water > Percent of water resources used: Proportion of total water resources used, percentage.
Endangered species > Higher plant species > Number: Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
NOx emissions per populated area: NOx emissions per populated land area
Units: 1000 Metric Tons/Sq. Km. of Populated Land Area
Units: We obtained the total emissions for each country by summarizing emissions data, originally available as a grid map with 1 degree x 1 degree cells. Air pollution is generally greatest in densely populated areas. To take this into account, we used the Gridded Population of the World dataset available from CIESIN and calculated the total land area in each country inhabited with a population density of greater than 5 persons per sq. km. We then used this land area as a denominator for the emissions data.
Water > Dissolved oxygen concentration: Dissolved oxygen concentration
Units: Milligrams/Liter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, exceptwhere data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of bodies of water; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system. The data from "The Wellbeing of Nations" included a smaller subset of stations representing outfalls of major watersheds. An analysis of a sample of countries with numerous stations found that the data for stations in the subset is broadly comparable to the data for all GEMS stations in those countries.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Forest area > Sq. km: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP: CO2 emissions (kg per 2000 US$ of GDP). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban and rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, total.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kt: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Pollution perceptions > Clean, tidy cities: Clean and Tidy. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Do you find city clean and tidy?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Water > Availability: Water availability per capita (1961-1990 (avg.))
Units: Thousands Cubic Meters/Person
Units: This variable measures internal renewable water (average annual surface runoff and groundwater recharge generated from endogenous precipitation)
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, rural.
Biodiversity > Plant species > Higher, threatened: Plant species (higher), threatened. Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Threatened species: Number of Threatened Species (1990-99)
Adjusted net national income > Current US$ per capita: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Biodiversity > Number: GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential)."
Adjusted net national income > Current US$: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.
Water > Freshwater internal flow per capita: Internal flow of water: River run-off and groundwater produced during a year through perception minus evaporation. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Water > Freshwater internal flow: Internal flow of water: River run-off and groundwater produced during a year through perception minus evaporation.
Pollution > Climate change > Climate change awareness: Percentage of each country's population who claimed knowing "something" or a "great deal" about climate change when asked: "How much do you know about global warming or climate change?"
Pollution perceptions > Urban comfort > Low pollution: Comfortable to Spend Time in the City. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you feeling comfortable to spend time in the city because of the pollution?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Waste > Hazardous waste created per thousand people: Annual generation of hazardous waste (as defined by the Basel Convention). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Protected area: Environmentally protected area (1997)
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum: GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum). GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential).
Pollution perceptions > Dirty, untidy cities: Dirty and Untidy. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Do you find city clean and tidy?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Pollution perceptions > Free of noise and light pollution: Quiet and No Problem with Night Lights. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How concerned are you with noise pollution and light during the night in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources > Total > Billion cubic meters: Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country.
Acidification: Percentage of country with acidification excedence
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: From a map of acidification excedence, all areas at risk within each country were added together in order to calculate the percentage of the entire country at risk of excedence. See pages 21-22 of the 2001 ESI report for more details on how the acidification excedence map was produced.
Emissions > Methane emissions > Kt of CO2 equivalent: Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production.
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry per capita: Water supplied annually, where losses during transportation have been subtracted. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters: Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country. Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita are calculated using the World Bank's population estimates.
Pollution > PM10, country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: PM10, country level (micrograms per cubic meter). Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a country's technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations.
Wetlands of intl importance > Area: Wetlands of international importance 2002
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > Number: Terrestrial protected areas are those officially documented by national authorities.
CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Proportion of land and marine area under protection: Terrestrial and marine areas protected to total territorial area, percentage.
Endangered species protection: Percent of CITES reporting requirements met
Units: Percent of Requirements Met
Units: Countries that have not ratified the CITES convention are recorded as having zero percent of their requirements met.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons: CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from other sectors, less residential buildings and commercial and public services, contains the emissions from commercial/institutional activities, residential, agriculture/forestry, fishing and other emissions not specified elsewhere that are included in the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 4 and 1 A 5. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, the category also includes emissions from autoproducers in the commercial/residential/agricultural sectors that generate electricity and/or heat. The IEA data are not collected in a way that allows the energy consumption to be split by specific end-use and therefore, autoproducers are shown as a separate item (Unallocated Autoproducers).
Pollution perceptions > Urban discomfort from pollution: Dissatisfaction to Spend Time in the City. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you feeling comfortable to spend time in the city because of the pollution?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum per million: GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum). GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Water > Population connected to wastewater treatment: Population connected to wastewater treatment.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, rural.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, urban.
Pollution perceptions > Waste management satisfaction: Garbage Disposal Satisfaction. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with a garbage disposal in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Pollution > Climate change > Perceived as threat: Percentage of country's population that perceives climate change as a threat. Results are from a 2008 Gallop Poll.
Emissions > Nitrous oxide emissions > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent: Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management."
Wildness: Percent of land area having very low anthropogenic impact
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: Global grids for population (GPW), land use (USGS AVHRR based classification from EROS data center), VMAP roads, VMAP railways, VMAP coastlines, VMAP major rivers and the stable lights data were all scored for "wildness". The scores were aggregated and normalized.
Forest area > Sq. km per 1000: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Threatened species > Mammal: Number of threatened mammal species (1997)
Water > Population supplied by water supply industry: Total population supplied by water supply industry.
Known mammal species: Known mammal species (1992-2002).
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons: CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services contains all emissions from fuel combustion in households. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 4 b. Commercial and public services includes emissions from all activities of ISIC Divisions 41, 50-52, 55, 63-67, 70-75, 80, 85, 90-93 and 99.
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day per worker). Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > Billion cubic meters: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999: 1999 total CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement production, and gas flaring. Emissions are expressed in thousand metric tons of carbon (not CO2).
Breeding birds threatened: Percentage of breeding birds threatened
Units: Percent of Breeding Birds
Units: The number of bird species threatened divided by known bird species in the country, expressed as a percentage.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.
Climate change > Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent per million: Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent). Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > Number: Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, urban.
Emissions > Other greenhouse gas emissions > HFC > PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent: Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride."
Urban SO2 concentration: Urban SO2 concentration
Units: Micrograms/m3
Units: The values were originally collected at the city level. Each nation varied in terms of the number of cities reported, so this data should be used with some caution. Within each country the values have been normalized by city population for the year 1995, then added together to obtain the total concentration for the given country.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > Current US$: Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production.
Marine areas under protection: Protected marine areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003)
Water > Population connected to wastewater collecting system: Population connected to wastewater collecting system.
Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow: Inflow of surface and groundwaters for neighboring countries.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > Current US$: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage."
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999 per 1000: 1999 total CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement production, and gas flaring. Emissions are expressed in thousand metric tons of carbon (not CO2). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Emissions > PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a country's technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations."
Known mammal species per million: Known mammal species (1992-2002). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Wetlands of intl importance > Area per million: Wetlands of international importance 2002. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Areas under protection per million: Protected Areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Water > Salinisation: Electrical conductivity
Units: Micro-Siemens/Centimeter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, except where data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of water bodies; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system.
Marine areas under protection per million: Protected marine areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Areas under protection: Protected Areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003)
Fertiliser > Consumption: Fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land
Units: Hundreds Grams/Hectare of Arable Land
Urban NO2 concentration: Urban NO2 concentration
Units: Micrograms/m3
Units: The values were originally collected at the city level. Each nation varied in terms of the number of cities reported, so this data should be used with some caution. Within each country the values have been normalized by city population for the year 1995, then added together to obtain the total concentration for the given country.
Non-wildness: Percent of land area having very high anthropogenic impact
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: Global grids for population (GPW), land use (USGS AVHRR based classification from EROS data center), VMAP roads, VMAP railways, VMAP coastlines, VMAP major rivers and the stable lights data were all scored for "wildness". The scores were aggregated and normalized.
Forest area > % of land area: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not.
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > Current US$: Mineral depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of minerals extracted. It refers to bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, zinc, gold, and silver."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > Current US$: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage."
Water pollution > Clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: stone, ceramics, and glass (36). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Emissions > Industrial methane emissions > % of total: Industrial methane emissions are emissions from the handling, transmission, and combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels."
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Domestic > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Industry > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for industry are total withdrawals for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Oil rents > % of GDP: Oil rents (% of GDP). Oil rents are the difference between the value of crude oil production at world prices and total costs of production.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons per million: CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services contains all emissions from fuel combustion in households. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 4 b. Commercial and public services includes emissions from all activities of ISIC Divisions 41, 50-52, 55, 63-67, 70-75, 80, 85, 90-93 and 99. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved sanitation > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, rural.
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry: Water supplied annually, where losses during transportation have been subtracted.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change sign date: Signature.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > % of internal resources: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Water pollution > Food industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: food and beverages (31). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks dissatisfaction: Dissatisfaction with Green and Parks in the City. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with green and parks in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
International agreements > Signed but not ratified: The various international environmental agreements which a country has signed but not ratified. Agreements are listed in alphabetical order by the abbreviated form of the full name.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI: Carbon dioxide damage is estimated to be $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Climate change > CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services > % of total fuel combustion: CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion). CO2 emissions from other sectors, less residential buildings and commercial and public services, contains the emissions from commercial/institutional activities, residential, agriculture/forestry, fishing and other emissions not specified elsewhere that are included in the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 4 and 1 A 5. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, the category also includes emissions from autoproducers in the commercial/residential/agricultural sectors that generate electricity and/or heat. The IEA data are not collected in a way that allows the energy consumption to be split by specific end-use and therefore, autoproducers are shown as a separate item (Unallocated Autoproducers).
Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow per capita: Inflow of surface and groundwaters for neighboring countries. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Pollution > Water pollution, metal industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, metal industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > % of total fuel combustion: CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (% of total fuel combustion). CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production is the sum of three IEA categories of CO2 emissions: (1) Main Activity Producer Electricity and Heat which contains the sum of emissions from main activity producer electricity generation, combined heat and power generation and heat plants. Main activity producers (formerly known as public utilities) are defined as those undertakings whose primary activity is to supply the public. They may be publicly or privately owned. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 1 a. For the CO2 emissions from fuel combustion (summary) file, emissions from own on-site use of fuel in power plants (EPOWERPLT) are also included. (2) Unallocated Autoproducers which contains the emissions from the generation of electricity and/or heat by autoproducers. Autoproducers are defined as undertakings that generate electricity and/or heat, wholly or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, these emissions would normally be distributed between industry, transport and "other" sectors. (3) Other Energy Industries contains emissions from fuel combusted in petroleum refineries, for the manufacture of solid fuels, coal mining, oil and gas extraction and other energy-producing industries. This corresponds to the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 1 b and 1 A 1 c. According to the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, emissions from coke inputs to blast furnaces can either be counted here or in the Industrial Processes source/sink category. Within detailed sectoral calculations, certain non-energy processes can be distinguished. In the reduction of iron in a blast furnace through the combustion of coke, the primary purpose of the coke oxidation is to produce pig iron and the emissions can be considered as an industrial process. Care must be taken not to double count these emissions in both Energy and Industrial Processes. In the IEA estimations, these emissions have been included in this category.
Climate change > Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent: Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent). Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
Pollution > Water pollution, textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, textile industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > % of GNI: Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage."
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Known breeding bird species per million: Known breeding bird mammal species (1992-2002). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Pollution > Water pollution, wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, wood industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Agriculture > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.
Pollution > Water pollution, clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, clay and glass industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: stone, ceramics, and glass (36). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > % of total fuel combustion: CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion). CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services contains all emissions from fuel combustion in households. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 4 b. Commercial and public services includes emissions from all activities of ISIC Divisions 41, 50-52, 55, 63-67, 70-75, 80, 85, 90-93 and 99.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > Current US$: Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > Current US$: Energy depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal."
Water pollution > Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > % of GNI: Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital.
Emissions > CO2 intensity > Kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use: Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a countryÂ’s technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations.
Pollution > Water pollution, food industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, food industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: food and beverages (31). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution > Water pollution, other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, other industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution > Water pollution, paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, paper and pulp industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent: GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent). GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF refers to changes in atmospheric levels of all greenhouse gases attributable to forest and land-use change activities, including but not limited to (1) emissions and removals of CO2 from decreases or increases in biomass stocks due to forest management, logging, fuelwood collection, etc.; (2) conversion of existing forests and natural grasslands to other land uses; (3) removal of CO2 from the abandonment of formerly managed lands (e.g. croplands and pastures); and (4) emissions and removals of CO2 in soil associated with land-use change and management. For Annex-I countries under the UNFCCC, these data are drawn from the annual GHG inventories submitted to the UNFCCC by each country; for non-Annex-I countries, data are drawn from the most recently submitted National Communication where available. Because of differences in reporting years and methodologies, these data are not generally considered comparable across countries. Data are in million metric tons.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2005 PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Emissions > Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions > % of total: Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions are emissions produced through fertilizer use (synthetic and animal manure), animal waste management, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savannah burning."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > Current US$: Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital.
Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Emissions > Agricultural methane emissions > % of total: Agricultural methane emissions are emissions from animals, animal waste, rice production, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savannah burning."
Water > Phosphorus concentration: Phosphorus concentration
Units: Milligrams/Liter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, except where data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of bodies of water; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system. The data from "The Wellbeing of Nations" included a smaller subset of stations representing outfalls of major watersheds. An analysis of a sample of countries with numerous stations found that the data for stations in the subset is broadly comparable to the data for all GEMS stations in those countries.
Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks satisfaction: Quality of Green and Parks. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with green and parks in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > Current US$: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.
Total natural resources rents > % of GDP: Total natural resources rents (% of GDP). Total natural resources rents are the sum of oil rents, natural gas rents, coal rents (hard and soft), mineral rents, and forest rents.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > % of GNI: Mineral depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of minerals extracted. It refers to bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, zinc, gold, and silver."
Natural gas rents > % of GDP: Natural gas rents (% of GDP). Natural gas rents are the difference between the value of natural gas production at world prices and total costs of production.
Adjusted net national income > Current US$, % of GDP: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Gross savings > % of GNI: Gross savings are the difference between gross national income and public and private consumption, plus net current transfers."
Known breeding bird species: Known breeding bird mammal species (1992-2002).
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > % of GNI: Energy depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > % of GNI: Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production.
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent per million: GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent). GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF refers to changes in atmospheric levels of all greenhouse gases attributable to forest and land-use change activities, including but not limited to (1) emissions and removals of CO2 from decreases or increases in biomass stocks due to forest management, logging, fuelwood collection, etc.; (2) conversion of existing forests and natural grasslands to other land uses; (3) removal of CO2 from the abandonment of formerly managed lands (e.g. croplands and pastures); and (4) emissions and removals of CO2 in soil associated with land-use change and management. For Annex-I countries under the UNFCCC, these data are drawn from the annual GHG inventories submitted to the UNFCCC by each country; for non-Annex-I countries, data are drawn from the most recently submitted National Communication where available. Because of differences in reporting years and methodologies, these data are not generally considered comparable across countries. Data are in million metric tons. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Pollution > Water pollution, chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, chemical industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.
Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Marine protected areas > % of territorial waters: Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters). Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI: Carbon dioxide damage is estimated to be $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted.
Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
CO2 Emissions: CO2: Total Emissions (excluding land-use) Units: thousand metric tonnes of carbon dioxide
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > % of total surface area: Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > % of total surface area: Terrestrial protected areas are those officially documented by national authorities.
Water > Suspended solids: Suspended solids
Units: Natural Log of Milligrams/Liter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, exceptwhere data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of bodies of water; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system. Data from "The Wellbeing of Nations" included a smaller subset of stations representing outfalls of majorwatersheds. An analysis of a sample of countries with numerous stations found that the data for stations in the subset is broadly comparable to the data for all GEMS stations in those countries. The data in this table was transformed using the natural logarithm.

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STAT	Azerbaijan	United Kingdom
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$	$15.18 billion Ranked 46th.	$2.04 trillion Ranked 5th. 134 times more than Azerbaijan
CO2 Emissions per 1000	3.58 Ranked 65th.	9.37 Ranked 25th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > Million metric tons	11.7 Ranked 73th.	196.7 Ranked 12th. 17 times more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > Million metric tons per million	1.28 Ranked 72nd.	3.13 Ranked 38th. 2 times more than Azerbaijan
Current issues	local scientists consider the Abseron Yasaqligi (Apsheron Peninsula) (including Baku and Sumqayit) and the Caspian Sea to be the ecologically most devastated area in the world because of severe air, soil, and water pollution; soil pollution results from oil spills, from the use of DDT pesticide, and from toxic defoliants used in the production of cotton	continues to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (has met Kyoto Protocol target of a 12.5% reduction from 1990 levels and intends to meet the legally binding target and move toward a domestic goal of a 20% cut in emissions by 2010); by 2005 the government reduced the amount of industrial and commercial waste disposed of in landfill sites to 85% of 1998 levels and recycled or composted at least 25% of household waste, increasing to 33% by 2015
Ecological footprint	2.18 Ranked 70th.	4.7 Ranked 5th. 2 times more than Azerbaijan
Forest area > Sq. km > Per capita	1.12 kmÂ² per 1,000 people Ranked 139th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	0.472 kmÂ² per 1,000 people Ranked 163th.
Marine fish catch	0.0 Ranked 121st.	711,809 tons Ranked 18th.
Pollution perceptions > Air pollution	75 Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than United Kingdom	29.68 Ranked 49th.
Pollution perceptions > Air quality	25 Ranked 7th.	70.32 Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution perceptions > Clean water	21.43 Ranked 7th.	72.77 Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution perceptions > Drinking water pollution	57.14 Ranked 4th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	22.35 Ranked 47th.
Pollution perceptions > Water pollution	78.57 Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than United Kingdom	27.23 Ranked 51st.
Proportion of land area under protection	7.36% Ranked 145th.	27.91% Ranked 36th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Total renewable water resources	30.3 cu km Ranked 15th.	160.6 cu km Ranked 7th. 5 times more than Azerbaijan
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day	18,835.52 Ranked 21st.	521,716.1 Ranked 8th. 28 times more than Azerbaijan
Waste > Local garbage collected	1.6 million tonnes Ranked 41st.	32.6 million tonnes Ranked 5th. 20 times more than Azerbaijan
Marine fish catch per 1000	0.0 Ranked 121st.	12.13 tons Ranked 41st.
Water > Severe water stress	95.4 Ranked 6th. 5 times more than United Kingdom	21 Ranked 51st.
Pollution perceptions > Noise and light pollution	64.29 Ranked 3rd. 48% more than United Kingdom	43.41 Ranked 41st.
Endangered species > Mammal species > Number	7 Ranked 110th. 40% more than United Kingdom	5 Ranked 139th.
Biodiversity > Mammal species, threatened	7 Ranked 121st. 40% more than United Kingdom	5 Ranked 148th.
Pollution perceptions > Drinking water quality	42.86 Ranked 6th.	77.65 Ranked 13th. 81% more than Azerbaijan
CO2 emissions > Kt	29,168.47 kt Ranked 70th.	558,461 kt Ranked 8th. 19 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution perceptions > Pollution index	82.02 Ranked 3rd. 2 times more than United Kingdom	34.29 Ranked 49th.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban and rural	80.2 Ranked 152nd.	100 Ranked 14th. 25% more than Azerbaijan
National parks > Number of parks	8 Ranked 20th.	15 Ranked 10th. 88% more than Azerbaijan
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita	3.7 Ranked 85th.	8.84 Ranked 39th. 2 times more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita	5.05 Ranked 71st.	7.93 Ranked 39th. 57% more than Azerbaijan
Biodiversity > Bird species, threatened	15 Ranked 70th. 4 times more than United Kingdom	4 Ranked 174th.
Carbon efficiency	5.94 CO2 emissions/$ GDP Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than United Kingdom	1.17 CO2 emissions/$ GDP Ranked 69th.
CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000	3.54 kt Ranked 80th.	9.38 kt Ranked 31st. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Endangered species > Bird species	15 Ranked 52nd. 8 times more than United Kingdom	2 Ranked 172nd.
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$1,655.33 Ranked 44th.	$33,876.64 Ranked 9th. 20 times more than Azerbaijan
Total renewable water resources per million	3.87 cu km Ranked 11th. 45% more than United Kingdom	2.67 cu km Ranked 18th.
SO2 emissions per populated area	1,680 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 38th.	5,370 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Waste > Hazardous waste created	16,029 tonnes Ranked 11th.	7.29 million tonnes Ranked 9th. 455 times more than Azerbaijan
Waste > Local garbage collected per thousand people	179.16 tonnes Ranked 58th.	527.41 tonnes Ranked 24th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Biodiversity > Fish species, threatened	10 Ranked 159th.	43 Ranked 45th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt	45,731.16 Ranked 66th.	493,504.86 Ranked 11th. 11 times more than Azerbaijan
CO2 emissions > Kt > Per capita	3.54 kt per 1,000 people Ranked 84th.	9.37 kt per 1,000 people Ranked 35th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Endangered species > Fish species > Number	9 Ranked 145th.	34 Ranked 26th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day	20,046.24 Ranked 21st.	521,716.1 Ranked 9th. 26 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution perceptions > Waste management dissatisfaction	75 Ranked 4th. 98% more than United Kingdom	37.95 Ranked 39th.
Pollution > Climate change > Agrees climate change is caused by human activity	42% Ranked 104th.	48% Ranked 91st. 14% more than Azerbaijan
Water > Percent of water resources used	34.75% Ranked 18th. 4 times more than United Kingdom	8.84% Ranked 55th.
Endangered species > Higher plant species > Number	0.0 Ranked 173th.	14 Ranked 79th.
NOx emissions per populated area	0.29 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 56th.	2.76 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 4th. 10 times more than Azerbaijan
Water > Dissolved oxygen concentration	8.27 mls/litre Ranked 59th.	10.4 mls/litre Ranked 14th. 26% more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000	5.05 Ranked 71st.	7.93 Ranked 39th. 57% more than Azerbaijan
Forest area > Sq. km	9,360 kmÂ² Ranked 120th.	28,450 kmÂ² Ranked 90th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP	$1.62 Ranked 18th. 8 times more than United Kingdom	$0.21 Ranked 165th.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban and rural	82.02 Ranked 110th.	100 Ranked 18th. 22% more than Azerbaijan
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kt	31,748.56 Ranked 67th.	539,175.92 Ranked 9th. 17 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution perceptions > Clean, tidy cities	32.14 Ranked 5th.	55.75 Ranked 20th. 73% more than Azerbaijan
Water > Availability	0.79 thousand cubic metres Ranked 112th.	3.1 thousand cubic metres Ranked 68th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Rural	70.67 Ranked 146th.	100 Ranked 14th. 42% more than Azerbaijan
Biodiversity > Plant species > Higher, threatened	0.0 Ranked 191st.	15 Ranked 91st.
Threatened species	33 Ranked 64th. 94% more than United Kingdom	17 Ranked 104th.
Adjusted net national income > Current US$ per capita	$3,274.70 Ranked 80th.	$33,451.41 Ranked 17th. 10 times more than Azerbaijan
Biodiversity > Number	0.8 Ranked 129th.	3.55 Ranked 65th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Adjusted net national income > Current US$	$30.04 billion Ranked 77th.	$2.10 trillion Ranked 7th. 70 times more than Azerbaijan
Water > Freshwater internal flow per capita	2,434.14 cubic metres Ranked 11th.	2,748.33 cubic metres Ranked 10th. 13% more than Azerbaijan
Water > Freshwater internal flow	21.78 billion cubic metres Ranked 13th.	169.88 billion cubic metres Ranked 3rd. 8 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution > Climate change > Climate change awareness	58% Ranked 70th.	97% Ranked 4th. 67% more than Azerbaijan
Pollution perceptions > Urban comfort > Low pollution	28.57 Ranked 8th.	78.96 Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Waste > Hazardous waste created per thousand people	1.79 tonnes Ranked 14th.	118.66 tonnes Ranked 22nd. 66 times more than Azerbaijan
Protected area	5.5% Ranked 74th.	20.5% Ranked 11th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum	0.795 Ranked 134th.	3.55 Ranked 66th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution perceptions > Dirty, untidy cities	67.86 Ranked 5th. 53% more than United Kingdom	44.25 Ranked 40th.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP	$1.90 Ranked 22nd. 6 times more than United Kingdom	$0.31 Ranked 155th.
Pollution perceptions > Free of noise and light pollution	35.71 Ranked 7th.	56.59 Ranked 19th. 58% more than Azerbaijan
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources > Total > Billion cubic meters	8.12 Ranked 125th.	145 Ranked 46th. 18 times more than Azerbaijan
Acidification	0.0 Ranked 83th.	45.75% Ranked 10th.
Emissions > Methane emissions > Kt of CO2 equivalent	11,550 Ranked 63th.	39,400 Ranked 33th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry per capita	47.78 cubic metres Ranked 21st.	100.17 cubic metres Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Azerbaijan
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters	934.9 Ranked 129th.	2,361.3 Ranked 92nd. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution > PM10, country level > Micrograms per cubic meter	27.34 Ranked 94th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	12.78 Ranked 163th.
Wetlands of intl importance > Area	100 thousand hectares Ranked 64th.	855 thousand hectares Ranked 17th. 9 times more than Azerbaijan
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > Number	42 Ranked 100th.	778 Ranked 27th. 19 times more than Azerbaijan
CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 PPP $ of GDP	1.04 kg/PPP$ Ranked 16th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	0.34 kg/PPP$ Ranked 77th.
Proportion of land and marine area under protection	7.36% Ranked 125th.	23.37% Ranked 44th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Endangered species protection	0.0 Ranked 124th.	100% Ranked 16th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons	1.09 Ranked 57th.	4.54 Ranked 30th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution perceptions > Urban discomfort from pollution	71.43 Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than United Kingdom	21.04 Ranked 51st.
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum per million	0.0907 Ranked 137th. 57% more than United Kingdom	0.0578 Ranked 154th.
Water > Population connected to wastewater treatment	31.4% Ranked 15th.	97.5% Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Rural	77.5% Ranked 100th.	100% Ranked 17th. 29% more than Azerbaijan
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban	88.44 Ranked 174th.	100 Ranked 20th. 13% more than Azerbaijan
Pollution perceptions > Waste management satisfaction	25 Ranked 6th.	62.05 Ranked 21st. 2 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution > Climate change > Perceived as threat	43% Ranked 72nd.	69% Ranked 20th. 60% more than Azerbaijan
Emissions > Nitrous oxide emissions > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent	4,040 Ranked 83th.	65,480 Ranked 13th. 16 times more than Azerbaijan
Wildness	0.28% Ranked 98th. 33% more than United Kingdom	0.21% Ranked 99th.
Forest area > Sq. km per 1000	1.12 kmÂ² Ranked 136th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	0.472 kmÂ² Ranked 161st.
Threatened species > Mammal	11 Ranked 72nd. 3 times more than United Kingdom	4 Ranked 136th.
Water > Population supplied by water supply industry	44.6% Ranked 26th.	99% Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Azerbaijan
Known mammal species	99 Ranked 84th. 98% more than United Kingdom	50 Ranked 134th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons	6.14 Ranked 44th.	75.86 Ranked 10th. 12 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker	0.181 Ranked 13th. 8% more than United Kingdom	0.167 Ranked 35th.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > Billion cubic meters	12.21 Ranked 1st. 28% more than United Kingdom	9.54 Ranked 46th.
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999	9,178 Ranked 63th.	147,199 Ranked 6th. 16 times more than Azerbaijan
Breeding birds threatened	3.23% Ranked 58th. 4 times more than United Kingdom	0.87% Ranked 119th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000	0.94 Ranked 115th.	2.81 Ranked 58th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt per 1000	1.99 Ranked 37th.	3.12 Ranked 21st. 57% more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000	0.0 Ranked 152nd.	1.89 Ranked 32nd.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt	0.0 Ranked 152nd.	117,677.7 Ranked 16th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt	18,004.97 Ranked 48th.	194,251.99 Ranked 7th. 11 times more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent per million	31.26 Ranked 69th.	229.5 Ranked 37th. 7 times more than Azerbaijan
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > Number	0.0 Ranked 167th.	149 Ranked 7th.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban	85.93 Ranked 116th.	100 Ranked 19th. 16% more than Azerbaijan
Emissions > Other greenhouse gas emissions > HFC > PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent	50 Ranked 72nd.	14,030 Ranked 10th. 281 times more than Azerbaijan
Urban SO2 concentration	11.56 micrograms/m3 Ranked 123th.	21.96 micrograms/m3 Ranked 102nd. 90% more than Azerbaijan
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > Current US$	$5.01 billion Ranked 64th.	$368.16 billion Ranked 6th. 73 times more than Azerbaijan
Marine areas under protection	3 Ranked 60th.	95 Ranked 3rd. 32 times more than Azerbaijan
Water > Population connected to wastewater collecting system	31.4% Ranked 24th.	97.7% Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow	22.82 billion cubic metres Ranked 7th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	7.23 billion cubic metres Ranked 14th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > Current US$	$-52,616,095.57 Ranked 95th.	$105.29 billion Ranked 10th.
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999 per 1000	1.15 Ranked 70th.	2.51 Ranked 26th. 2 times more than Azerbaijan
Emissions > PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter	60.07 Ranked 40th. 4 times more than United Kingdom	15.49 Ranked 154th.
Known mammal species per million	12.11 Ranked 71st. 14 times more than United Kingdom	0.843 Ranked 141st.
Wetlands of intl importance > Area per million	12.24 thousand hectares Ranked 57th.	14.41 thousand hectares Ranked 55th. 18% more than Azerbaijan
Areas under protection per million	4.25 Ranked 68th.	9.72 Ranked 45th. 2 times more than Azerbaijan
Water > Salinisation	1,473.98 Ranked 24th. 4 times more than United Kingdom	368.06 Ranked 101st.
Marine areas under protection per million	0.364 Ranked 53th.	1.59 Ranked 22nd. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Areas under protection	35 Ranked 74th.	579 Ranked 18th. 17 times more than Azerbaijan
Fertiliser > Consumption	141.75 hundred grams/hectare Ranked 105th.	3,325.35 hundred grams/hectare Ranked 17th. 23 times more than Azerbaijan
Urban NO2 concentration	55.98 micrograms/m3 Ranked 55th.	64.47 micrograms/m3 Ranked 32nd. 15% more than Azerbaijan
Non-wildness	7.31% Ranked 45th.	32.05% Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Forest area > % of land area	11.32% of land area Ranked 144th.	11.76% of land area Ranked 142nd. 4% more than Azerbaijan
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP	23.02% Ranked 81st.	88.86% Ranked 29th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > Current US$	0.0 Ranked 136th.	0.0 Ranked 155th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > Current US$	$71.95 million Ranked 91st.	$105.39 billion Ranked 10th. 1465 times more than Azerbaijan
Water pollution > Clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions	0.25% Ranked 20th.	0.26% Ranked 18th. 4% more than Azerbaijan
Emissions > Industrial methane emissions > % of total	45.19% Ranked 32nd. 27% more than United Kingdom	35.66% Ranked 43th.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Domestic > % of total freshwater withdrawal	4.27% Ranked 118th.	21.7% Ranked 48th. 5 times more than Azerbaijan
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Industry > % of total freshwater withdrawal	19.33% Ranked 37th.	75.37% Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Oil rents > % of GDP	41.89% Ranked 7th. 34 times more than United Kingdom	1.23% Ranked 50th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > Million metric tons per million	0.669 Ranked 29th.	1.21 Ranked 13th. 81% more than Azerbaijan
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved sanitation > Rural	77.5 Ranked 100th.	100 Ranked 17th. 29% more than Azerbaijan
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry	427.5 million cubic metres Ranked 13th.	6.11 billion cubic metres Ranked 3rd. 14 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change sign date	June 12, 1992	June 12, 1992
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > % of internal resources	150.47% Ranked 14th. 23 times more than United Kingdom	6.58% Ranked 74th.
Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions	20.19% Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than United Kingdom	8.97% Ranked 7th.
Water pollution > Food industry > % of total BOD emissions	39.21% Ranked 23th. 64 times more than United Kingdom	0.61% Ranked 33th.
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker	0.18 Ranked 13th. 6% more than United Kingdom	0.17 Ranked 24th.
Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks dissatisfaction	42.86 Ranked 5th. 90% more than United Kingdom	22.57 Ranked 53th.
Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions	15.93% Ranked 4th.	17.52% Ranked 2nd. 10% more than Azerbaijan
Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker	0.16 kg per day per worker Ranked 20th. 33% more than United Kingdom	0.12 kg per day per worker Ranked 31st.
International agreements > Signed but not ratified	none of the selected agreements	none of the selected agreements
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI	1.16% Ranked 9th. 7 times more than United Kingdom	0.16% Ranked 139th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions	9.68% Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than United Kingdom	2.7% Ranked 29th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services > % of total fuel combustion	4.07% Ranked 43th. 4 times more than United Kingdom	1.02% Ranked 97th.
Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow per capita	2,550.06 cubic metres Ranked 6th. 22 times more than United Kingdom	116.99 cubic metres Ranked 14th.
Pollution > Water pollution, metal industry > % of total BOD emissions	8.81% Ranked 6th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	2.7% Ranked 38th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > % of total fuel combustion	43.67% Ranked 53th.	44.4% Ranked 50th. 2% more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 > Thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent	283 Ranked 74th.	14,291 Ranked 11th. 50 times more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > % of total	0.0 Ranked 152nd.	23.85% Ranked 46th.
Pollution > Water pollution, textile industry > % of total BOD emissions	11.71% Ranked 19th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	4.26% Ranked 59th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > % of total	39.37% Ranked 28th. The same as United Kingdom	39.36% Ranked 29th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > % of GNI	0.0 Ranked 97th.	0.0 Ranked 113th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions	18.73% Ranked 1st. 38% more than United Kingdom	13.54% Ranked 12th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > % of GNI	-0.13% Ranked 94th.	3.9% Ranked 78th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > % of total	18.62% Ranked 186th.	35.44% Ranked 157th. 90% more than Azerbaijan
Water pollution > Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions	1.44% Ranked 24th.	2.47% Ranked 33th. 72% more than Azerbaijan
Known breeding bird species per million	28.02 Ranked 57th. 7 times more than United Kingdom	3.86 Ranked 131st.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions	13.64% Ranked 14th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	4.26% Ranked 44th.
Pollution > Water pollution, wood industry > % of total BOD emissions	1.47% Ranked 24th.	2.47% Ranked 40th. 68% more than Azerbaijan
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Agriculture > % of total freshwater withdrawal	76.41% Ranked 57th. 26 times more than United Kingdom	2.94% Ranked 131st.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt	8,514.77 Ranked 82nd.	174,897.57 Ranked 17th. 21 times more than Azerbaijan
Pollution > Water pollution, clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions	8.38% Ranked 10th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	3.56% Ranked 55th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services > % of total fuel combustion	22.92% Ranked 11th. 34% more than United Kingdom	17.12% Ranked 17th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > Current US$	$162,811.21 Ranked 64th.	0.0 Ranked 121st.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > % of GNI	0.18% Ranked 95th.	3.91% Ranked 81st. 22 times more than Azerbaijan
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > Current US$	$21.01 billion Ranked 26th.	$57.72 billion Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Water pollution > Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions	2.53% Ranked 26th.	12.47% Ranked 6th. 5 times more than Azerbaijan
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > % of GNI	50.7% Ranked 4th. 44 times more than United Kingdom	1.15% Ranked 108th.
Emissions > CO2 intensity > Kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use	2.67 Ranked 33th. 5% more than United Kingdom	2.55 Ranked 47th.
PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter	59.22 mcg/mÂ³ Ranked 52nd. 4 times more than United Kingdom	15.06 mcg/mÂ³ Ranked 169th.
Pollution > Water pollution, food industry > % of total BOD emissions	19.56% Ranked 16th. 32% more than United Kingdom	14.87% Ranked 47th.
Pollution > Water pollution, other industry > % of total BOD emissions	28.61% Ranked 14th.	46.14% Ranked 18th. 61% more than Azerbaijan
Pollution > Water pollution, paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions	2.97% Ranked 26th.	12.47% Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per PPP $ of GDP	$0.47 Ranked 41st. 88% more than United Kingdom	$0.25 Ranked 96th.
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent	-1.075 Ranked 43th.	-4.079 Ranked 17th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2005 PPP $ of GDP	$0.50 Ranked 41st. 92% more than United Kingdom	$0.26 Ranked 99th.
Emissions > Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions > % of total	93.56% Ranked 34th. 79% more than United Kingdom	52.2% Ranked 114th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > Current US$	$20.73 billion Ranked 34th.	$31.06 billion Ranked 29th. 50% more than Azerbaijan
Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions	0.93% Ranked 27th.	4% Ranked 9th. 4 times more than Azerbaijan
Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions	6.92% Ranked 10th.	15.38% Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Azerbaijan
Emissions > Agricultural methane emissions > % of total	45.37% Ranked 62nd.	50.71% Ranked 51st. 12% more than Azerbaijan
Water > Phosphorus concentration	0.6 mls/litre Ranked 18th. 7 times more than United Kingdom	0.09 mls/litre Ranked 125th.
Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks satisfaction	57.14 Ranked 5th.	77.43 Ranked 7th. 36% more than Azerbaijan
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > Current US$	$124.57 million Ranked 49th. 25% more than United Kingdom	$99.83 million Ranked 55th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI	0.3% Ranked 52nd.	0.0 Ranked 156th.
Total natural resources rents > % of GDP	45.08% Ranked 10th. 29 times more than United Kingdom	1.53% Ranked 110th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > % of GNI	0.0 Ranked 111th.	0.0 Ranked 126th.
Natural gas rents > % of GDP	3.1% Ranked 13th. 13 times more than United Kingdom	0.238% Ranked 45th.
Adjusted net national income > Current US$, % of GDP	45.55% Ranked 149th.	85.86% Ranked 54th. 89% more than Azerbaijan
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Gross savings > % of GNI	62.95% Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than United Kingdom	14.8% Ranked 97th.
Known breeding bird species	229 Ranked 57th. The same as United Kingdom	229 Ranked 58th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > % of GNI	51.39% Ranked 5th. 24 times more than United Kingdom	2.14% Ranked 49th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > % of GNI	12.26% Ranked 52nd.	13.65% Ranked 28th. 11% more than Azerbaijan
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent per million	-0.142 Ranked 33th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	-0.066 Ranked 7th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions	28.45% Ranked 14th.	46.14% Ranked 17th. 62% more than Azerbaijan
Pollution > Water pollution, chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions	18.5% Ranked 1st. 37% more than United Kingdom	13.54% Ranked 11th.
Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI	1.11% of GNI Ranked 24th. 37 times more than United Kingdom	0.03% of GNI Ranked 151st.
Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions	5.54% Ranked 32nd.	48.03% Ranked 2nd. 9 times more than Azerbaijan
Marine protected areas > % of territorial waters	0.405% Ranked 128th.	18.21% Ranked 28th. 45 times more than Azerbaijan
Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI	2.79% of GNI Ranked 5th. 16 times more than United Kingdom	0.18% of GNI Ranked 141st.
Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions	11.03% Ranked 15th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	5.24% Ranked 26th.
CO2 Emissions	29,489.7 Ranked 66th.	558,225 Ranked 7th. 19 times more than Azerbaijan
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > % of total surface area	0.0 Ranked 162nd.	4.56% Ranked 38th.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > % of total surface area	7.31% Ranked 117th.	22.35% Ranked 37th. 3 times more than Azerbaijan
Water > Suspended solids	6.61 mls/litre Ranked 23th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	2.26 mls/litre Ranked 137th.

SOURCES: The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium; World Resources Institute. 2003. Carbon Emissions from energy use and cement manufacturing, 1850 to 2000. Available on-line through the Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) at Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Energy Agency; International Energy Agency. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Living Planet Report 2000, Gland, Switzerland: 2000, and Redefining Progress.; World Development Indicators database; FAOSTAT on-line database; pollution; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; 1998 study by Hemamala Hettige, Muthukumara Mani, and David Wheeler, ""Industrial Pollution in Economic Development: Kuznets Revisited"" (available at www.worldbank.org/nipr). The data were updated through 2005 by the World Bank's Development Research Group using the same methodology as the initial study.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; FAOSTAT on-line database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, WaterGap 2.1, 2000 via ciesin.org; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, and International Union for Conservation of Nature, Red List of Threatened Species.; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of national parks (Africa); Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre; Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Special Report on Emissions Scenarios, Data Version 1.1, B1Illustrative Marker Scenario with model IMAGE; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. FishBase database, www.fishbase.org.; Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org. version (07/2008). Accessed: 28 September 2008.; Industrial Pollution in Economic Development: Kuznets Revisited; Wikipedia: Climate change opinion by country; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Global Environmental Monitoring System/Water Quality Monitoring System, with data for an additional 29 countries from Prescott-Allen,R. The Well being of Nations, Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001; Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, WaterGAP 2.1B, 2001 via ciesin.org; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations World Statistics Pocketbook and Statistical Yearbook; Kiran Dev Pandey, Piet Buys, Ken Chomitz, and David Wheeler's, ""Biodiversity Conservation Indicators: New Tools for Priority Setting at the Global Environment Facility"" (2006).; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a5, Freshwater internal flow. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a5, Freshwater internal flow; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Jacaranda Atlas; Kiran Dev Pandey, Piet Buys, Ken Chomitz, and David Wheeler's, "Biodiversity Conservation Indicators: New Tools for Priority Setting at the Global Environment Facility" (2006).; Food and Agriculture Organisation, AQUASTAT data.; Stockholm Environment Institute at York, Acidification in Developing Countries: Ecosystem Sensitivity and the Critical Loads Approach at the Global scale, 2000 via ciesin.org; World Resources Institute.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a29, Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank, Development Research Group and Environment Department; World Resources Institute; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the World Resources Institute, based on data from national authorities, national legislation and international agreements.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, Report on National Reports Required Under Article VIII, Paragraph 7(a), of the Convention, Eleventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties, Gigiri, Kenya, April 2000; Kiran Dev Pandey, Piet Buys, Ken Chomitz, and David Wheeler's, "Biodiversity Conservation Indicators: New Tools for Priority Setting at the Global Environment Facility" (2006). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics \xA9 OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp).; Wild Areas Project (WAP), joint Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and CIESIN project to map the lastwild places on the earth's surface. via ciesin.org; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Bank and UNIDO's industry database.; Gregg Marland, Tom Boden, and Bob Andres, University of North Dakota, via net publication; 2000 IUCN Red List, and World Resources Institute,World Resources 2000-2001, Washington, DC: WRI, 2000. Original sources: World Conservation Monitoring Center, IUCN-The World Conservation Union, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and other sources.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Resources Institute, World Resources 1998-99; World Bank, World Development Indicators 2000; WHO,Air Management Information System-AMIS 2.0, 1998; and Global Urban Observatory, Citibase, 1999. via ciesin.org; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's National Accounts Statistics.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a8, Inflow of surface and groundwaters; World Bank staff estimates. The conceptual underpinnings of the savings measure appear in Hamilton and Clemens' ""Genuine Savings Rates in Developing Countries"" (1999).; Gregg Marland, Tom Boden, and Bob Andres, University of North Dakota, via net publication. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Kiren Dev Pandey, David Wheeler, Bart Ostro, Uwe Deichmann, Kirk Hamilton, and Katherine Bolt. ""Ambient Particulate Matter Concentrations in Residential and Pollution Hotspot Areas of World Cities: New Estimates Based on the Global Model of Ambient Particulates (GMAPS),"" World Bank, Development Research Group and Environment Department (2006).; World Resources Institute. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank, World Development Indicators 2001. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2001. via ciesin.org; Wild Areas Project (WAP), joint Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and CIESIN project to map the last wild places on the earth's surface. Accessed via ciesin.org; The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium. GDP figures sourced from World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in Arundhati Kunte and others' ""Estimating National Wealth: Methodology and Results"" (1998).; United Nations Statistics Division Original html; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a29, Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry; Wikipedia: List of parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (List of parties) (Parties & Observers , UNFCCC, 1 June 2011); World Bank staff estimates based on Samuel Fankhauser's ""Valuing Climate Change: The Economics of the Greenhouse"" (1995).; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a8, Inflow of surface and groundwaters. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank staff estimates.; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Global Environmental Monitoring System/Water Quality Monitoring System, with data for an additional 29 countries from Prescott-Allen, R. The Well being of Nations, Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001; Kiran D. Pandey and others' ""The Human Costs of Air Pollution: New Estimates for Developing Countries"" (2006).; World Bank national accounts data files.; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Resources Institute. 2003. Carbon Emissions from energy use and cement manufacturing, 1850 to 2000. Available on-line through the Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) at Washington, DC: World Resources Institute

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