NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Álvaro Cunhal

Álvaro Barreirinhas Cunhal, (Sé Nova, Coimbra, 15h45, 10 November 1913-13 June [[2005]), was a Portuguese politician, secretary-general of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) from 1961 to 1992. Coimbra is a city and the capital of the district of Coimbra in Portugal. ... November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 51 days remaining. ... 1913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... June 13 is the 164th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (165th in leap years), with 201 days remaining. ... PCPs official symbol, featuring the hammer and sickle and the Portuguese national colors, red and green. ... 1961 (As MAD Magazine pointed out on its first cover for the year) was the first upside-down year—i. ... 1992 is a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Cunhal was the third child of Avelino Henriques da Costa Cunhal and Mercedes Barreirinhas. His father was a lawyer in Coimbra and Seia, and later on in Lisbon. He also studied Law at the University of Lisbon, where he joined the PCP, then an illegal organization, in 1931. Coimbra is a city and the capital of the district of Coimbra in Portugal. ... Lisbon (in Portuguese, Lisboa) is the capital and largest city of Portugal. ... A leading university in Lisbon, Portugal. ... 1931 is a common year starting on Thursday. ...

Cunhal visited the USSR for the first time in 1935 to attend the Seventh World Congress of the Comintern in Moscow. He joined the Central Committee of the PCP for the first time in 1936 at the age of 22. His first arrest occurred in 1937. 1935 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The first edition of Communist International, journal of the Comintern published in Moscow and Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) in May 1919. ... Saint Basils Cathedral Moscow (Russian/Cyrillic: Москва́, pronunciation: Maskvá listen) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva, and encompassing 1097. ... 1936 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1937 was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

While in jail, he submitted his final thesis on the topic abortion and obtained his Law degree (the jury included Marcelo Caetano). He then taught for some months at Colégio Moderno, in Lisbon. Among his pupils was the future Portuguese President Mário Soares. Marcelo Caetano also spelled Marcello Caetano (August 17, 1906- October 26, 1980) was a Portuguese politician. ... Lisbon (in Portuguese, Lisboa) is the capital and largest city of Portugal. ... Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares (born December 7, 1924), Portuguese politician, was born in Lisbon, and graduated in history, philosophy and law from the University of Lisbon. ...

From 1941 to 1949 Cunhal was underground and became de facto the leader of the PCP. Arrested in 1949, he remained in jail until he made a spectacular escape from Peniche's prison in 1960. This escape had a wide impact. The fascist government hurt in its own pride claimed that a Soviet submarine was near the Peniche coast waiting for Cunhal. 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1949 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1949 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... Peniche is a city in Portugal, with approximately 10,000 inhabitants. ... 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In 1961, he was elected secretary-general of the PCP, the first one after Bento Gonçalves' (the former leader) death in the concentration camp of Tarrafal in Cape Verde. Cunhal lived in exile in Moscow and Paris until the Carnation Revolution in 1974. 1961 (As MAD Magazine pointed out on its first cover for the year) was the first upside-down year—i. ... Bento Gonçalves (1902 - 1942) Bento António Gonçalves (1902-1942) was one of the first Secretary Generals of the Portuguese Communist Party, he was born in Montalegre, near Bragança, in the North of Portugal. ... There are parishes that have the name Tarrafal in Cape Verde: Tarrafal, a parish in the island of Santiago Island Tarrafal, a parish in the island of São Nicolau Related Tarrafal de Monte Trigo, a parish in the island of Santo Antão This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid... Saint Basils Cathedral Moscow (Russian/Cyrillic: Москва́, pronunciation: Maskvá listen) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva, and encompassing 1097. ... The Eiffel Tower has become a symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese, Revolução dos Cravos) was an almost bloodless left-leaning revolution started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a liberal democracy at the end of a two year process of a communist dominated military administration. ... 1974 is a common year starting on Tuesday (click on link for calendar). ...

Back in Portugal, he led the PCP through the revolution, was minister without portfolio in several of the provisional governments which followed the revolution, and was sucessively elected for Parliament in all elections until 1987, although he never occupied the place. 1987 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Cunhal left his office in 1992, being succeded by Carlos Carvalhas. His voice however remained important in the following years, and has consistently sided with the most orthodox wing of the PCP. 1992 is a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Carlos Alberto do Vale Gomes Carvalhas (born in São Pedro do Sul, November 9, 1941) is a Portuguese politician and the Secretary-General of the Portuguese Communist Party since 1992. ...

Manuel Tiago

Cunhal was also a fiction writer, with several novels under the pseudonym Manuel Tiago, which he recognized as his own only in 1995. He also made the drawings for the original edition of Soeiro Pereira Gomes' book Esteiros. Soeiro Pereira Gomes Esteiros frontpage Joaquim Soeiro Pereira Gomes (14 April, 1909 - (?) 1949) was a portuguese writer of realist influence and became one of the major names of portuguese literature of the 20th century. ...

Até Amanhã, Camaradas
Cinco Dias, Cinco Noites

(made into a film in 1996 by José Fonseca e Costa)

A Estrela de Seis Pontas
A Casa de Eulália

José Fonseca e Costa is a Portuguese film director born in 1933. ...

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Further reading

Manuel Tiago