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The circumflex ( ˆ ) is a A diacritic mark or accent mark is an additional mark added to a basic letter. The word derives from Greek διακρητικός, distinguishing and diacritical is used to mean distinguishing or distinctive. The mark can be added over, under, or through... diacritic mark used in written The Greek language (Greek Ελληνικά, IPA – Hellenic) is an Indo-European language with a documented history of some 3,000 years. Ancient Greek in its various forms was the language both of classical Greek civilisation and of the origins of Christianity, and... Greek, French (français, langue française) is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered in speakers only by Spanish and Portuguese. In 1999 French was the 11th most spoken language in the world being spoken by about 77 million people (called Francophones) as a mother tongue, and... French, Esperanto flag Esperanto is a constructed international auxiliary language. The name derives from the pseudonym (Dr. Esperanto) under which the Polish philologist L. L. Zamenhof published the language in 1887 (see Esperanto history). His intention was to create an easy-to-learn language, to serve as an international auxiliary language... Esperanto, Norwegian is a Germanic language spoken in Norway. Norwegian is closely related to, and generally mutually intelligible with Swedish and Danish. Together with these two languages, Norwegian belongs to the Northern, or Scandinavian group of the Germanic languages. Proficient speakers of any of the three languages can understand the others... Norwegian, Romanian (limba română ) is an Eastern Romance language, spoken by about 28 million people, most of them in Romania, Moldova (where it is the official language) and nearby countries. History The Romanian territory was inhabited in ancient times by the Dacians, an Indo-European people. They were defeated... Romanian, The Slovak language (slovenčina, slovenský jazyk) is an Indo-European language, more precisely a West Slavic language (together with mainly the Czech, Polish, and Sorbian languages). Slovak is spoken in Slovakia (by 5 million people), the USA (500,000, emigrants), the Czech Republic (320,000, due to former... Slovak, Vietnamese (tiếng Việt, less commonly tiếng Việt Nam or Việt ngữ), formerly known as Annamite, is the national and official language of Vietnam (Việt Nam). It is the mother tongue of the Vietnamese people (ngườ... Vietnamese, Rōmaji (ローマ字 characters of Rome, frequently misspelled romanji in English), is a Japanese term for the Latin alphabet. Rōmaji are often used in Japanese text for abbreviations, metric measurements, and to clarify the spelling of foreign names. In English usage, rōmaji... Japanese romaji, Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. For other meanings, see Wales (disambiguation). Welsh (Cymraeg or y Gymraeg), not to be confused with the Welsh dialect of English, is a Brythonic branch of Celtic spoken natively in the western part of Britain known as Wales (Cymru), and... Welsh, Portuguese (português) is a Romance language predominantly spoken in Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde, and East Timor. Many linguists consider that Galician (galego), the native language of Galicia, is actually a variety of Portuguese, that has been strongly influenced by Spanish. With more than 200 million native... Portuguese, Italian is a Romance language spoken by about 70 million people, most of whom live in Italy. Standard Italian is based on Tuscan dialects and is somewhat intermediate between the languages of Southern Italy and the Gallo-Romance languages of the North. The long-established Tuscan standard has, over the... Italian, and other languages.

â ê î ô û

In The Greek language (Greek Ελληνικά, IPA – Hellenic) is an Indo-European language with a documented history of some 3,000 years. Ancient Greek in its various forms was the language both of classical Greek civilisation and of the origins of Christianity, and... Greek the circumflex occurs (subject to certain rules) on the accented syllable of a word, on long vowels only, where there was a rise and then a fall in tone in The Greek language (Greek Ελληνικά, IPA // – Hellenic) is an Indo-European language with a documented history of some 3,000 years. Ancient Greek in its various forms was the language both of classical Greek civilisation and of the origins of Christianity, and... Ancient Greek. It is used in the traditional Polytonic orthography is the traditional way of writing Greek, which is used for Ancient Greek, Koine and Katharevousa but since the 1980s has mostly been replaced by monotonic orthography for Modern Greek. It contains three accents (grave, acute and circumflex) and the rough and smooth breathings (spiritus lenis and spiritus... polytonic orthography, sometimes taking a form similar to a The tilde is a grapheme which has several uses, described below. The name of the character comes from Spanish, from the Latin titulus meaning a title or superscription, and is pronounced TILL-duh (SAMPA /tIld@/). It was originally written over a letter as a diacritic (see below), but has since... tilde, but the Monotonic orthography is the simplified way for spelling modern Greek introduced in the 1980s. It replaces all the traditional Greek accents — grave accent ( ` ), acute accent ( ´ ), and circumflex ( ^ or ~ ) — by only one, the acute accent, and abandons the use of the rough breathing or spiritus asper) ( ) and smooth... monotonic orthography used for This article needs cleanup. Please edit this article to conform to a higher standard of article quality. Modern Greek is the present vernacular language of Greece (also spoken in Cyprus), and is descended from Attic Greek. Modern Greek (officially called demotic) evolved directly from Hellenistic Koine, an ancient Greek dialect... Modern Greek has replaced it with an The acute accent (´) is a diacritic mark used in written French, Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Galician, Greek, Welsh, Hungarian, Faroese, Icelandic, Italian, Swedish, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Vietnamese, Dutch, Irish Gaelic, Croatian, Navajo and other languages. á é í ó ú ý Á É Í Ó Ú Ý Openness In French... acute accent.

In French (français, langue française) is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered in speakers only by Spanish and Portuguese. In 1999 French was the 11th most spoken language in the world being spoken by about 77 million people (called Francophones) as a mother tongue, and... French the circumflex is used on the vowels â, ê, î ô, and û. It generally marks the former presence of the letter s in the spelling of the word – for example, hôpital (hospital), forêt (forest); remark that the former French spelling is current in English. Certain close Homonyms (in Greek homoios = identical and onoma = name) are words which have the same form (orthographic/phonetic) but unrelated meaning. If they only differ in one way, they are called homophones and homographs respectively. In derivation, homonym means has the same name, homophone means has the same sound, and homograph... homophones are distinguished by the circumflex, for instance cote and côte (the former meaning "level", "mark", the latter meaning "rib" or "coast"). ê is pronounced like è. In the usual pronunciations of central and northern The French Republic or France ( French: République française or France) is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. France is a democracy organised as a... France, ô is pronounced like eau; in the usual pronunciations Southern France, no distinction is made between ô and o.

In Chichewa is the official national language of the Republic of Malawi. Chichewa, also known as Chinyanja, is a language of the Bantu language family widely spoken in south-central Africa. It is also spoken in Mozambique, especially in the provinces of Tete and Niassa, in Zambia (especially in the Eastern... Chichewa, ŵ denotes the voiced bilabial fricative ( This article is about the alphabet officially used in linguistics. The NATO phonetic alphabet (alpha bravo) had informally been called the International Phonetic Alphabet. The International Phonetic Alphabet is a phonetic alphabet used by linguists to accurately and uniquely represent each of the wide variety of sounds (phones or phonemes... IPA: β), hence the name of the country The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. The correct title is Malaŵi. Malaŵi is a nation in east Africa. It is bordered by Tanzania, Zambia, and Mozambique. National motto: Unity and Freedom Official languages English (official), Chichewa (official), others Capital... Malaŵi.

In Esperanto flag Esperanto is a constructed international auxiliary language. The name derives from the pseudonym (Dr. Esperanto) under which the Polish philologist L. L. Zamenhof published the language in 1887 (see Esperanto history). His intention was to create an easy-to-learn language, to serve as an international auxiliary language... Esperanto, it is used on The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. The correct title is Ĉ. Ĉ or ĉ is a consonant in the Esperanto orthography. Its sound is represented by [tS] in SAMPA and [ʧ] in IPA. See also Ĝ Ĥ Ĵ Ŝ Ŭ Categories: Esperanto ... ĉ, The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. The correct title is Ĝ. Ĝ or ĝ is a consonant in the Esperanto alphabet. Its sound is represented by [dZ] in SAMPA and [ʤ] in IPA. The letter is also used in Unangam Tunuu, where it represents... ĝ, The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. The correct title is Ĥ. Ĥ, or ĥ, is a consonant in the Esperanto alphabet. Its sound is represented by [x] in SAMPA and IPA. In the case of the minuscule, some fonts place the circumflex over the... ĥ, The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. The correct title is Ĵ. Ĵ or ĵ is a consonant in the Esperanto alphabet. Its sound is represented by [Z] in SAMPA and [ʒ] in IPA. See also Ĉ Ĝ Ĥ Ŝ Ŭ Categories: Esperanto ... ĵ, and The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. The correct title is Ŝ. Ŝ or ŝ is a consonant in the Esperanto alphabet. Its sound is represented by [S] in SAMPA and [ʃ] in IPA. See also Ĉ Ĝ Ĥ Ĵ Ŭ Categories: Esperanto ... ŝ. It indicates a completely different consonant from the unaccented form, and is considered a separate letter for purposes of This article needs cleanup. Please edit this article to conform to a higher standard of article quality. In library and information science and computer science, collation is the assembly of written information into a standard order. In common usage, this is called alphabetisation, though collation is not limited to ordering... collation. See Esperanto is written in an alphabet of twenty-eight letters. Twenty-two of these are identical in form to letters of the English alphabet (q, w, x, and y being omitted). The remaining six are accented letters, which appear as follows: ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ (c, g, h, j... Esperanto orthography.

In Norwegian is a Germanic language spoken in Norway. Norwegian is closely related to, and generally mutually intelligible with Swedish and Danish. Together with these two languages, Norwegian belongs to the Northern, or Scandinavian group of the Germanic languages. Proficient speakers of any of the three languages can understand the others... Norwegian, it is used, with the exception of loan words, on ô and ê, almost exclusively in the words "fôr" (from Old Norse or Danish tongue is the Germanic language once spoken by the inhabitants of the Nordic countries (for instance during the Viking Age). Formally, it can be divided into two similar dialects: West Norse Old Icelandic and Old Norwegian East Norse Old Danish and Old Swedish In the 11th... Norse fóðr), meaning "animal food", lêr, meaning "skin" (Norse leðr) and "vêr" (Norse veðr), meaning "weather".

In The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. It is the third most common first language (native speakers), with around 402 million people in 2002. English has lingua franca status in many parts of the world, due to the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence... English the circumflex, like other diacriticals, is sometimes retained on A loanword (or a borrowing) is a word taken in by one language from another. The word loanword itself is a calque of the German Lehnwort. A calque or loan translation is a related process whereby it is the meaning or idiom that is borrowed rather the lexical item itself... loanwords that used it in the original language; for example, rôle. In Britain in the (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. Historians will sometimes specifically refer to the 18th century as 1715-1789, denoting the period of time between the death... eighteenth century, which was before the cheap The Penny Post is any one of several postal systems in which normal letters could be sent for one penny. United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, the London Penny Post was established in 1680 by William Dockwra, who established a local post that used a uniform rate within London. The... penny post and a era in which paper was taxed, the circumflex was used in postal letters to save room in an analogy with the French use. Specifically, the letters "ugh" were replaced when they were silent in the most common words, e.g., "thô" for "though", "thorô" for "thorough", and "brôt" for "brought" — a precursor of the ways in which trendy young people nowadays abbreviate text messages. This could have led to spelling simplification, but did not.

In Romanian (limba română ) is an Eastern Romance language, spoken by about 28 million people, most of them in Romania, Moldova (where it is the official language) and nearby countries. History The Romanian territory was inhabited in ancient times by the Dacians, an Indo-European people. They were defeated... Romanian, the circumflex is used on the vowels â and î to mark a sound similar to Russian 'yery'. Their names are "â din a" and "î din i".

In The Slovak language (slovenčina, slovenský jazyk) is an Indo-European language, more precisely a West Slavic language (together with mainly the Czech, Polish, and Sorbian languages). Slovak is spoken in Slovakia (by 5 million people), the USA (500,000, emigrants), the Czech Republic (320,000, due to former... Slovak, circumflex (vokáň) turns the letter "o" into a diphthong ô / u̯o/.

In Vietnamese (tiếng Việt, less commonly tiếng Việt Nam or Việt ngữ), formerly known as Annamite, is the national and official language of Vietnam (Việt Nam). It is the mother tongue of the Vietnamese people (ngườ... Vietnamese, the circumflex helps to distinguish three couples of vowels : ô [ The close-mid back rounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is o. Features of this vowel: Its vowel height is close_mid, which means the tongue... o] and o [ The open-mid back rounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is O. The IPA symbol is a turned letter c and both the symbol and... ɔ], ê [ The close-mid front unrounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is e. Features of this vowel: Its vowel height is close_mid, which means the tongue... e] and e [ The open-mid front unrounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is E. Features of this vowel: Its vowel height is open-mid, which means the... ɛ], â [ The near-open central vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is 6. The symbol is a turned printed letter a. Features of this vowel: Its vowel... ɐ] and a [ The open back unrounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is A. The symbol is called script a because it lacks the extra hook on top... ɑ]. It is not a Tone refers to the use of pitch in language to distinguish words. All languages use intonation to express emphasis, emotion, or other such nuances, but not every language uses tone to distinguish meaning outright. When this occurs, tones are equally important and essential as phonemes (discrete sounds, for example, /t... tonal mark, so that you can for instance find association of circumflex and tonal mark, like ệ, which appears in the word Việt Nam

In Kunrei-shiki (訓令式, Cabinet-ordered system) is a romanization system, that is, a system for transcribing the Japanese language into the Roman alphabet. Its name is rendered Kunreisiki using Kunrei-shiki itself. Kunrei-shiki is sometimes known as the Monbushō system in English, because it was until... Kunrei-shiki Rōmaji (ローマ字 characters of Rome, frequently misspelled romanji in English), is a Japanese term for the Latin alphabet. Rōmaji are often used in Japanese text for abbreviations, metric measurements, and to clarify the spelling of foreign names. In English usage, rōmaji... romanized The Japanese language is a spoken and written language used mainly in Japan. The Japanese name for the language is Nihongo (日本語). History and classification Historical linguists agree that Japanese is a Japonic language, but do not agree further about the origin of the Japanese language; there are... Japanese, the circumflex marks long vowels. It is also occasionally used as a surrogate for the A macron (from Gr. μακρός makros large) is a diacritic ¯ placed over a vowel originally to indicate that the vowel is long. The opposite is a breve ˘, used to indicate a short vowel. These distinctions are usually phonemic. In modern Old English transliterations, the... macron for marking long vowels in the For other meanings, see Hepburn (disambiguation). The Hepburn romanization system (Japanese: ヘボン式 Hebon-shiki) was devised by Reverend James Curtis Hepburn to transcribe the sounds of the Japanese language into the Roman alphabet for his Japanese–English dictionary, published in 1867. This system is sometimes referred... Hepburn system.

In Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. For other meanings, see Wales (disambiguation). Welsh (Cymraeg or y Gymraeg), not to be confused with the Welsh dialect of English, is a Brythonic branch of Celtic spoken natively in the western part of Britain known as Wales (Cymru), and... Welsh the circumflex (colloquially known as the tô bach -- "little roof") is used on the vowels a, e, i, o, u, w, y to differentiate between other words that have the same spelling. The circumflex in Welsh gives a vowel a long sound, for example môr versus mor.

In Portuguese (português) is a Romance language predominantly spoken in Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde, and East Timor. Many linguists consider that Galician (galego), the native language of Galicia, is actually a variety of Portuguese, that has been strongly influenced by Spanish. With more than 200 million native... Portuguese, it is used on â, ê and ô. It mainly marks the tonic syllable when the vowel is rounded (usually before -m and -n: pântano (bog), câmara (chamber or camera). It is sometimes used to distinguish homophone words, e.g. tem (he has) and têm (they have). The use of circumflex has been much reduced as a consequence of the orthographic reforms.

in Italian is a Romance language spoken by about 70 million people, most of whom live in Italy. Standard Italian is based on Tuscan dialects and is somewhat intermediate between the languages of Southern Italy and the Gallo-Romance languages of the North. The long-established Tuscan standard has, over the... Italian it is used in plurals of singulars ending with ...io, thus ending them with a longer i, in modern Italian this is accomplished with a double or just a single i as in var&icirc, varj, varii, vari ("various", plural of vario).

in Transcription may be one of the following: In linguistics, transcription is the conversion of spoken words into written language. In genetics, transcription is the process of copying DNA to RNA by an enzyme called RNA polymerase (RNAP). In music transcription is either notating an unnotated piece, common in ethnomusicology, or... transcription of Akkadian was a language of the Semitic family spoken in ancient Mesopotamia, particularly by the Assyrians and Babylonians. It used the cuneiform writing system. Dialects Akkadian (lišānum akkadītum) is divided into dialects based on geography and time. 2500 - 1950 Old Akkadian 1950 - 1530 Old Babylonian... Akkadian, it is used to indicate a long vowel resulting from an ALEPH (Apparatus for LEP Physics at CERN) is one of the four detectors of the LEP collider Categories: Stub | Particle detectors ... aleph contraction.

The ISO 8859-1, more formally cited as ISO/IEC 8859-1 or less formally as Latin-1, is part 1 of ISO/IEC 8859, a standard character encoding defined by ISO. It encodes what it refers to as Latin alphabet no. 1, consisting of 191 characters from the Latin script... ISO-8859-1 character encoding includes the letters â, ê, î, ô, û, and their respective Majuscules or capital letters (in the Roman alphabet: A, B, C, ...) are one type of case in a writing system. Compare minuscule (a, b, c, ...). Majuscules and minuscules are sometimes also known as uppercase (or upper case) and lowercase (or lower case) letters, respectively. Some languages make no distinction between... capital forms. Dozens more letters with the circumflex are available in In computing, Unicode is the international standard whose goal is to provide the means to encode the text of every document people want to store in computers. This includes all scripts still in active use today, many scripts known only by scholars, and symbols which do not strictly represent scripts... Unicode. Unicode also provides the circumflex as a This article shows Unicode characters from 128 to 999. Depending on the fonts installed on your computer and the settings of the browser the number of characters shown correctly may vary. Since the first 256 code points of Unicode are based on ISO 8859-1, Unicode characters 128 to 159... combining character.

The circumflex receives its English name from Latin was the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. It gained great importance as the formal language of the Roman Empire. All Romance languages are descended from Latin, and many words based on Latin are found in other modern languages such as English. It is said... Latin circumflexus (bent about) which in turn is a translation of the Greek perispomene (περισπωμένη).

The circumflex (or Caret may mean: the ASCII character ^ (0x5E hex), called circumflex accent in the Unicode standard the Unicode character ‸ (U+2038), the actual caret of the Unicode standard in Windows API terminology, it means text insertion point indicator (whereas the word cursor is reserved for mouse pointer) This is a... caret) character is also used without a vowel to represent In mathematics, exponentiation is a process generalized from repeated multiplication, in much the same way that multiplication is a process generalized from repeated addition. (The next operation after exponentiation is sometimes called tetration; repeating this process leads to the Ackermann function. ) The simplest case involves a positive integer exponent: For... exponentiation in There are 95 printable ASCII characters, numbered 32 to 126. ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), generally pronounced ass-key, is a character set and a character encoding based on the Roman alphabet as used in modern English and other Western European languages. It is most commonly used by... ASCII:

 2^3 = 8

Circumflex is an important The word Dutch when used alone, has several possible meanings in the English language. Most, if not all, of these meanings are in reference to the European country the Netherlands, its people, or its culture. The term Dutch, when used by itself can refer to: The Dutch language (Nederlands in... Dutch student union.

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