Map of Éire

Éire (pronounced "AIR uh", in the Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. See IPA in Unicode if you have display problems. Irish (Gaeilge) is a Goidelic language spoken in Ireland and in small communities in Canada and Argentina. Irish is constitutionally recognised as the first official language... Irish language, translated as Ireland) is the name given in Article 4 of the Years: 1934 1935 1936 - 1937 - 1938 1939 1940 Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s - 1930s - 1940s 1950s 1960s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1937 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics Canada - Sport Lists of leaders: State leaders - Religious... 1937 Irish constitution to the 26-county A true colour image of Ireland, captured by a NASA satellite on January 4, 2003. Scotland, the Isle of Man and Wales are visible to the east. The island of Ireland is located west of the European landmass, and lies alongside Britain. The island of Ireland (Éire in Irish), is... Irish state, created under the Years: 1918 1919 1920 - 1921 - 1922 1923 1924 Decades: 1890s 1900s 1910s - 1920s - 1930s 1940s 1950s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1921 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics Canada - Sport Lists of leaders: State leaders - Religious... 1921 Signature page of the Anglo_Irish Treaty The Anglo_Irish Treaty was a treaty between the British government and the Irish Republic which brought the Anglo-Irish War to an end and established the Irish Free State. It was signed in London by representatives of the British government and envoys plenipotentiary (i... Anglo-Irish Treaty, which was known between Years: 1919 1920 1921 - 1922 - 1923 1924 1925 Decades: 1890s 1900s 1910s - 1920s - 1930s 1940s 1950s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1922 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics Canada - Sport Lists of leaders: State leaders - Religious... 1922 and 1937 as the The Irish Free State (Irish: Saorstát Éireann) was (1922–1937) the name of the state comprising the 26 of Irelands 32 counties which were separated from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Irish Free State Agreement (or Anglo-Irish Treaty) signed by British... Irish Free State.

The name Éire is the Grammatical cases List of grammatical cases Abessive case Ablative case Absolutive case Adessive case Allative case Causal case Causal-final case Comitative case Dative case Dedative case Delative case Disjunctive case Distributive case Distributive-temporal case Elative case Essive case Essive-formal case Essive-modal case Excessive case Final case... nominative form in modern Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. See IPA in Unicode if you have display problems. Irish (Gaeilge) is a Goidelic language spoken in Ireland and in small communities in Canada and Argentina. Irish is constitutionally recognised as the first official language... Irish Gaelic of the name for the goddess Ériu, a This article is about a system of myths. For the 1942 book Mythology, see its author Edith Hamilton. A mythology is a relatively cohesive set of myths: stories that comprise a certain religion or belief system. Contents // 1 What is mythology? 2 Modern mythology 3 Mythologies by region 3.1... mythical figure who helped the Gaels conquer Ireland as described in the Lebor Gabála Érenn (The Book of the Taking of Ireland) is the Middle Irish title of a loose collection of poems and prose narratives recounting the mythical origins and history of the Irish race from the creation of the world down to the Middle Ages. An important record of... Book of Invasions. Éire is still used in the Irish language today to refer to the A true colour image of Ireland, captured by a NASA satellite on January 4, 2003. Scotland, the Isle of Man and Wales are visible to the east. The island of Ireland is located west of the European landmass, and lies alongside Britain. The island of Ireland (Éire in Irish), is... island of Ireland as well as the state.

Since 1949 is a common year starting on Saturday. Years: 1946 1947 1948 - 1949 - 1950 1951 1952 Decades: 1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1949 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics... 1949, the term The Republic of Ireland (Irish: Poblacht na hÉireann) is a state which covers approximately five-sixths of the island of Ireland, off the coast of northwest Europe. It is the westernmost state of the European Union. The remaining sixth of the island of Ireland is known as Northern Ireland... Republic of Ireland has generally been used in preference to Éire, to clarify that the state rather than the whole For other uses, see Island (disambiguation). A small island in the Adriatic sea An island is any piece of land smaller than a continent and larger than a rock, that is completely surrounded by water. Very small islands are called islets. Although seldom adhered to, it is also proper to... island is under discussion. It is sometimes felt that use of "Éire" is associated with a condescending attitude to Ireland in some right wing quarters of the British media. Technically, however, as the The Republic of Ireland Act was an enactment of Oireachtas Éireann passed in 1948, which came into force on April 18, 1949 and which declared that the official description of Éire was to be the Republic of Ireland. Contents // 1 The Act 2 The Name of the State 3 External... Republic of Ireland Act enacted in 1948 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). Years: 1945 1946 1947 - 1948 - 1949 1950 1951 Decades: 1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1948 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation... 1948 makes clear, the 'Republic of Ireland' is actually a description rather than a name, even if generally used as such.

'Éire' in the Irish Constitution

The Fianna Fáil - The Republican Party ( Symbols of the International Phonetic Alphabet. Abbreviations below: AmE = American English; BrE = British English (Received Pronunciation) Contents // 1 Vowels 1.1 English plain vowels 1.2 Reduced vowels 1.3 R-colored vowels 1.4 Diphthongs 2 Consonants 2.1 Stops 2.2... Fianna Fáil party government ( 1932 is a leap year starting on a Friday. Years: 1929 1930 1931 - 1932 - 1933 1934 1935 Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s - 1930s - 1940s 1950s 1960s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1932 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other... 1932- 1948 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). Years: 1945 1946 1947 - 1948 - 1949 1950 1951 Decades: 1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1948 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation... 48) of Éamon de Valera drafted an entirely new constitution, called Bunreacht na hÉireann. The constitution is not an act of the parliament of the Irish Free State; rather it was "enacted by the people", by a plebiscite in Years: 1934 1935 1936 - 1937 - 1938 1939 1940 Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s - 1930s - 1940s 1950s 1960s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1937 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics Canada - Sport Lists of leaders: State leaders - Religious... 1937. The term Éire was used in the constitution to indicate a break with the Irish Free State without implying a return to the Irish Republic or a break with the Crown. Among the new features of that new constitution were a This article is part of the series Politics of the R. of Ireland President Council of State Oireachtas Dáil Éireann Seanad Éireann Taoiseach Tánaiste Government Supreme Court Judiciary Constitution Referendum Political parties Elections: President: 2004 Legislature: 2002 The President of Ireland (Irish: Uachtarán na hÉireann) is... President of Ireland, renaming the The President of the Executive Council (Irish: Uachtaráin na hArd-Chomhairle) was the title of the prime minister in the Executive Council of the Irish Free State from 1922-37. Under the Irish Free State Constitution Act, 1922 executive authority was vested in the King and exercised by the... President of the Executive Council the This article is part of the series Politics of the R. of Ireland President Council of State Oireachtas Dáil Éireann Seanad Éireann Taoiseach Tánaiste Government Supreme Court Judiciary Constitution Referendum Political parties Elections: President: 2004 Legislature: 2002 The Taoiseach (plural: Taoisigh) or, more formally, An Taoiseach, is the... Taoiseach, and restoring the senate Seanad Éireann. As it was the religion of over 95% of the population there was a reference (since repealed) to the "special position of the Roman Catholic church". Like the Irish Free State constitution which it replaced, Bunreacht na hÉireann had no constitutional link with the Crown, except in external relations through a combination of Article 29 of the Constitution and the The Executive Authority (External Relations) Act, 1936 was an enactment of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament) in 1936. The Act was one of two passed suddenly to deal with the aftermath of the abdication of King Edward VIII as King of Ireland along with his other Commonwealth Realms. Contents // 1 Background... External Relations Act, Years: 1933 1934 1935 - 1936 - 1937 1938 1939 Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s - 1930s - 1940s 1950s 1960s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1936 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics Canada - Sport Lists of leaders: State leaders - Religious... 1936. The repeal of the latter Act by the The Republic of Ireland Act was an enactment of Oireachtas Éireann passed in 1948, which came into force on April 18, 1949 and which declared that the official description of Éire was to be the Republic of Ireland. Contents // 1 The Act 2 The Name of the State 3 External... Republic of Ireland Act, 1948 created Ireland as a sovereign Republic in 1949, with Republic of Ireland as a new description but without changing the name of the state from Éire or Ireland.

From Éire to the Republic of Ireland

The declaration of the republic proved somewhat controversial. In Years: 1942 1943 1944 - 1945 - 1946 1947 1948 Decades: 1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1945 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics Canada - Sport Lists of leaders: State leaders - Religious... 1945 when asked if he planned to do so, de Valera had replied, "we are a republic", having refused to say so before for eight years. He also insisted that Ireland had no king but simply used an external king as an organ in international affairs. However, that was not the view of constitutional lawyers including de Valera's Attorneys-General, whose disagreement with de Valera's interpretation only came to light when the state papers from the 1930s and 1940s were released to historians. Nor was it the view of a single state worldwide, all of whom believed that Ireland did have a king, George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George) (December 14, 1895 - February 6, 1952) was the third British monarch of the House of Windsor, reigning from December 11, 1936 to February 6, 1952. As well as being the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the British... George VI who had been proclaimed Henry VIII, became the first King of Ireland in 1541. The precise title King of Ireland has only been used during two periods of Irish history. These were from 1541 until 1801, and from 1922 to 1949. Prior to 1541 there were a series of High Kings of Ireland as... King of Ireland in December Years: 1933 1934 1935 - 1936 - 1937 1938 1939 Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s - 1930s - 1940s 1950s 1960s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1936 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics Canada - Sport Lists of leaders: State leaders - Religious... 1936, and to whom they accredited ambassadors to Ireland. King George in turn as 'King of Ireland' accredited all Irish diplomats. All treaties signed by the Irish This article is part of the series Politics of the R. of Ireland President Council of State Oireachtas Dáil Éireann Seanad Éireann Taoiseach Tánaiste Government Supreme Court Judiciary Constitution Referendum Political parties Elections: President: 2004 Legislature: 2002 The Taoiseach (plural: Taoisigh) or, more formally, An Taoiseach, is the... Taoiseach or Minister for External Affairs were signed in the name of King George.

De Valera did have a history of making statements on constitutional matters that were legally questionable. His belief that the Governor-General's post had been abolished by a constitutional amendment in December Years: 1933 1934 1935 - 1936 - 1937 1938 1939 Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s - 1930s - 1940s 1950s 1960s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1936 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics Canada - Sport Lists of leaders: State leaders - Religious... 1936 was privately rejected by his own Attorney-General, James Geoghegan, Secretary to the Executive Council (ie, the state's main civil servant and his own closest advisor), Maurice Moynihan, the Parliamentary Draftsman's Office (which drafted legislation) and other leading legal figures in the government. To sort out what was privately seen as a legal mess, de Valera had had to introduce a second enactment, the Executive Power (Consequential Provisions) Act, 1937, which was backdated as if effective from the original date of the supposed abolition in December 1936. In Years: 1944 1945 1946 - 1947 - 1948 1949 1950 Decades: 1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1947 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics Canada - Sport Lists of leaders: State leaders - Religious... 1947, de Valera's new Attorney-General, future President of Ireland Cearbhall O'Dalaigh, began drafting a bill to grant to the President the powers in international affairs possessed by the King. Part of the debate in government revolved around whether a republic should be declared in the bill. The very existence of the debate is evidence that de Valera's latest attorney-general and part of his cabinet, maybe even de Valera himself, did not agree with de Valera's statement in 1945 that Éire was already a republic. In the end the draft bill was never submitted to the This article is part of the series Politics of the R. of Ireland President Council of State Oireachtas Dáil Éireann Seanad Éireann Taoiseach Tánaiste Government Supreme Court Judiciary Constitution Referendum Political parties Elections: President: 2004 Legislature: 2002 This article is about the modern legislature. For alternative meanings, see... Oireachtas for approval. Whether that is because it was simply abandoned or because de Valera planned to introduce it after the 1948 general election (which he unexpectedly lost) is unclear.

A bill to finally and unambiguously declare a republic was introduced in 1948 by the new Taoiseach, John Aloysius Costello (20 June 1891 - 5 January 1976), a successful barrister, was one of the main legal advisors to the government of the Irish Free State after independence, Attorney-General of Ireland from 1926-1932 and Taoiseach from 1948-1951 and 1954-1957. An Taoiseach John A. Costello, T... John A. Costello of the Current Fine Gael logo Fine Gael (United Ireland) (pronounced fi-na gale) is the second largest political party in the Republic of Ireland. It was founded on 3 September 1933 following the merger of Cumann na nGaedheal, the Centre Party and the Blueshirts (National Gaurd). It is a member of... Fine Gael party. What caused the bill to be introduced remains a mystery. Costello made the announcement that the bill was to be introduced when he was in Ottawa, during an official visit to Canada is an independent This article discusses states as sovereign political entities. For other meanings, see state (disambiguation). In international law and international relations, a state is a geographic political entity possessing politicial sovereignty, i.e. not being subject to any higher political authority. In casual language, the idea of... Canada. It had been suggested that it was a spur of the moment reaction to offence caused by the The Governor General and Commander-in-Chief in and over Canada, normally simply known as the Governor General of Canada in French, Gouverneur(e) général(e) is the Canadian representative of the monarch (presently Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II). Unlike in some other countries, the title of the... Governor-General of Canada, Field Marshal Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis (December 10, 1891 - June 16, 1969) was a British military commander and Field Marshal, notably during World War II as the commander of the 15th Army Group. He would later serve as the last British Governor General of... Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis who was of Northern Ireland Tuaisceart Éireann Northren Ireland Norlin Airlann Flag none (see Flag of Northern Ireland) Official language English, Irish, Ulster-Scots Capital Belfast Largest City Belfast First Minister: suspended Area  - Total Ranked 4th 13,843 km² Population  - Total (2001)  - Density Ranked 4th 1,685,267 122/km... Northern Irish descent and who allegedly placed symbols of Northern Ireland, notably a replica of the famous Roaring Meg may refer to several things:- A cannon used in the English Civil War A public house in Biddulph named after the above cannon A brand of beer brewed by Springhead Brewery also named after the above cannon Another cannon used in the Siege of Derry of 1689 A... Roaring Meg cannon used in the For context see the Williamite war in Ireland and Jacobitism. The Siege of Derry, or as the defenders would have called it the Siege of Londonderry, took place in Ireland during 1688–1689. Richard Talbot, Earl of Tyrconnell, acting as the viceroy of King James VII of Scotland and... Siege of Derry, in front of an affronted Costello at a state dinner. What is certain is that the prior arrangement whereby toasts to the King (symbolising Canada) and the President (representing Ireland) were to be proposed, was broken. Only a toast to the King was proposed, to the fury of the Irish delegation. Shortly afterwards Costello announced the plan to declare the republic.

However, according to all but one of the ministers in Costello's cabinet, the decision to declare a republic had already been made prior to Costello's Canadian visit. Costello's revelation of the decision was because the The Irish Independents header consists of its name and a green harp The Irish Independent is Irelands best-selling broadsheet newspaper. It was formed in the last decade of the 19th century as a pro-parnellite newspaper, called the Daily Irish Independent. It was re-launched in the early... Sunday Independent (an Irish newspaper) had discovered the fact and was about to 'break' the story as an exclusive. However, one minister, the controversial Noel Browne (20 December 1915-21 May 1997) was an Irish politician and doctor. He holds the distinction of being one of only five TDs to be appointed Minister on their first day in the Dáil. Noel Browne was born on 20 December 1915 in Waterford. He was educated... Noel Browne, gave a different account in his autobiography, Against the Tide. He claimed Costello's announcement was done in a fit of anger of his treatment by the Governor-General and that when he returned, Costello, at an assembly of ministers in his home, offered to resign because of his manufacture of a major government policy initiative on the spot in Canada. However, according to Browne, all the ministers agreed not to accept the resignation and to manufacture the story of a prior cabinet decision.

The evidence of what really happened remains ambiguous. There is no record of a prior decision to declare a republic before Costello's Canadian trip, among cabinet papers for 1948, which supports Browne's claim. However, in what is generally regarded as one of its most ill-judged decisions, the Costello government refused to allow the Secretary to the Government, Maurice Moynihan, to attend cabinet meetings and take minutes, because they believed he had been close to their enemy, Eamon de Valera (as de Valera had been in office continually for sixteen years and directly preceded them, and as Moynihan had been the state's chief civil servant for much of that time, it was hardly surprising that he would have been close to de Valera. No evidence suggests however that he was pro-de Valera and anti-them, and they reversed their decision when they returned to government in 1954.) As a result the minutes were kept by a Parliamentary Secretary (junior minister), future Taoiseach Liam Cosgrave (Ir. Liam MacCosgair) (born April 13, 1920), served as the fifth Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland between 1973 and 1977. The son of W.T. Cosgrave (who served as the first President of the Executive Council from 1922 to 1932), Liam Cosgrave entered Irish politics, becoming a... Liam Cosgrave. As someone who had never kept minutes before, it is understandable that Cosgrave's minutes at least early on in the government proved less than a thorough record of government decisions. So whether the issue was never raised, was raised but no decision taken, a decision taken informally or formally cannot be unambiguously clarified on the basis of the less than adequate minutes of cabinet meetings in 1948.

In addition, Browne's own book, published in the Millennia: 1st millennium - 2nd millennium - 3rd millennium Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century Decades: 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s - 1980s - 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s 2030s Years: 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 Contents // 1 Events and trends 1.1 Computers, technology 1.2 Science 1... 1980s, is littered with major factual inaccuracies and thus is seen as equally unreliable. The last two surviving ministers of that cabinet in the 1980s, former Minister for External Affairs Seán MacBride (26 January 1904 – 15 January 1988) was a senior Irish politician, barrister, revolutionary & statesman. During the 1930s he served as Chief-of-Staff of the IRA but left in 1939 to follow a constitutional path. He founded a small Irish republican socialist party called Clann... Sean MacBride and Browne, publicly and trenchantly disagreed as to the events that led to the declaration of the republic. What is certain is that one man's account is wrong. But it has proved impossible to ascertain for certain which one's.¹

The The Republic of Ireland Act was an enactment of Oireachtas Éireann passed in 1948, which came into force on April 18, 1949 and which declared that the official description of Éire was to be the Republic of Ireland. Contents // 1 The Act 2 The Name of the State 3 External... Republic of Ireland Act was enacted in Oireachtas Éireann with all parties voting for it. De Valera did suggest that it would have been better to reserve the declaration of the republic until Irish unity had been achieved, a comment hard to reconcile with his 1945 claim that Éire was already a republic. Speaking in Seanad Éireann Costello told senators that as a matter of law, the King was indeed 'King of Ireland' and Irish head of state and the President of Ireland was in effect no more than first citizen and a local notable, until the new law came into force.

On April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. April Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20... 1 April 1949 is a common year starting on Saturday. Years: 1946 1947 1948 - 1949 - 1950 1951 1952 Decades: 1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1949 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics... 1949 the Republic of Ireland Act, 1948 came into force. Ireland ceased to have a king. The President of Ireland was upgraded to a full head of state. While the constitutional name of the state, Éire was not changed, the descriptive name given to Éire in the new Act, The Republic of Ireland, became the effective name of the twenty-six county state. All previous ambiguities over name, title, head of state and the positions of the King of Ireland and the President of Ireland were resolved. The This article is part of the series Politics of the United Kingdom Parliament Crown House of Lords    Lord Chancellor House of Commons    Speaker Prime Minister Cabinet Government Departments Scottish Parliament    Scottish Executive National Assembly for Wales    Welsh Assembly... Westminster Parliament passed its own Ireland Act 1949 acknowledging the changes, preserving certain rights of Irish citizens in the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country in western Europe, and a member of the European Union. Usually known simply as the United Kingdom, UK or, inaccurately, as Great Britain or Britain, the UK has four constituent parts. Three of these parts England, Wales and... United Kingdom, and designating the Republic of Ireland as its name for the resulting state. King George VI, who no longer had King of Ireland among his titles, sent a message of goodwill to the new Irish head of state, President Sean Thomas OKelly ( Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. See IPA in Unicode if you have display problems. Irish (Gaeilge) is a Goidelic language spoken in Ireland and in small communities in Canada and Argentina. Irish is constitutionally recognised as... Sean T. O'Kelly. O'Kelly's new status as head of state was celebrated by the first ever state visit by an Irish president abroad, to the The term Holy See (Latin: Sancta Sedes, lit. holy seat) refers in a geographic sense to the episcopal see of Rome, of which the Pope is the ordinary (i.e., the diocesan bishop); in canon law, the terms Holy See and Apostolic See refer to the Pope (Roman Pontiff) and... Holy See in 1950. (En route, he planned to "do the decent thing and call upon Your Majesty" but timetabling problems prevented what was intended to be the first ever public meeting between a British king and an Irish president.)

The declaration of the republic had two controversial after-effects. On becoming a republic a country ceases to be a member of the Flag of the Commonwealth of Nations The Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary association of independent sovereign states, most of which were once governed by the United Kingdom and are its former colonies. It was formerly known as the British Commonwealth (or British Commonwealth of Nations), and many still call... Commonwealth of Nations. Though 1949 is a common year starting on Saturday. Years: 1946 1947 1948 - 1949 - 1950 1951 1952 Decades: 1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1949 in topic: Arts Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music Science and technology Aviation - Rail transport - Science - Television Other topics... 1949 saw India as a republic reapply for membership and be accepted, the Republic of Ireland decided not to.² More controversially, the British parliament's Ireland Act 1949 gave a legislative guarantee to Northern Ireland Tuaisceart Éireann Northren Ireland Norlin Airlann Flag none (see Flag of Northern Ireland) Official language English, Irish, Ulster-Scots Capital Belfast Largest City Belfast First Minister: suspended Area  - Total Ranked 4th 13,843 km² Population  - Total (2001)  - Density Ranked 4th 1,685,267 122/km... Northern Ireland that Northern Ireland would continue to remain a part of the United Kingdom unless the parliament of Northern Ireland formally expressed a wish to join a United Ireland. This "constitutional guarantee" became a source of much controversy during the rest of the twentieth century.

The word "Éire" features on all Irish (and since 2002 Euro-Irish) coins, postage stamps, passports and other offical state documents issued since 1937 - see Great Seal of Ireland. Before then, Saorstát Éireann, the Irish translation of The Irish Free State (Irish: Saorstát Éireann) was (1922–1937) the name of the state comprising the 26 of Irelands 32 counties which were separated from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Irish Free State Agreement (or Anglo-Irish Treaty) signed by British... Irish Free State, featured.

See also

Main article: Shortcut: Irish topics This page aims to list articles on Wikipedia that are related to Ireland. This is so that those interested in the subject can monitor changes to the pages by following the Related changes (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Special:Recentchangeslinked&target=List_of_Ireland... List of Ireland-related topics

Footnote

¹ By the 1980s both men's personal relationship had broken down completely. Browne saw MacBride, who had been his party leader at the time, as egotistical and manipulative, holding him personally responsible for his dismissal from cabinet. (It was MacBride who had demanded and got Browne's resignation over the Mother and Child Scheme fiasco.) MacBride saw Browne as a deliberately provocative trouble-maker who, in his book Against the Tide, had told lies including a series of characterisations of his cabinet colleagues that were generally seen as gross and offensive distortions. (One character mocked, Tánaiste William Norton (1900-1963), Irish politician, Labour Party leader (1932-1960). William Norton was born in Dublin in 1900. He joined the postal service in 1916. By 1920 he was a prominent member in the trade union movement in Ireland. From 1924 to 1948 he served as secretary of the... William Norton, was attacked for his liking for sugar and desserts, his eating habits compared to that of a pig. Browne, himself a medical doctor, never mentioned in the book that Norton was subsequently diagnosed as a This article is about the disease that features high blood sugar. The other major but far less common diabetes is diabetes insipidus (water diabetes, DI). Diabetes mellitus is a medical disorder characterized by varying or persistent hyperglycemia (elevated blood sugar levels), especially after eating. All types of diabetes mellitus share... diabetic, which would have explained his dietary habits.) Thus the MacBride/Browne clash over Browne's book and its claims about the declaration of the republic was seen not as discussion of the topic but of both settling old scores with a long-term bitter enemy.

² The issue of whether Ireland should rejoin the Commonwealth is occasionally raised. One of Seán F. Lemass ... Sean Lemass's ministers, Brian Lenihan (November 17, 1930 _ November 1, 1995) was a senior Irish Fianna Fáil politician. In a long and distinguished political career he served as Minister for Justice (1964-1968), Minister for Education (1968-1969), Minister for Transport & Power (1969-1973), Minister for Foreign Affairs (1973, 1979... Brian Lenihan, suggested the The Republic of Ireland (Irish: Poblacht na hÉireann) is a state which covers approximately five-sixths of the island of Ireland, off the coast of northwest Europe. It is the westernmost state of the European Union. The remaining sixth of the island of Ireland is known as Northern Ireland... Republic of Ireland should rejoin in the 1960s. The suggestion, previously approved by Lemass who wanted to see the reaction, drew a negative response and was quietly dropped. In the Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century Decades: 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s - 1990s - 2000s 2010s 2020s 2030s 2040s Years: 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Contents // 1 Events and trends 1.1 Computers, technology 1.2 Science 1.3 War, peace and politics 1.4... 1990s, Eamon Ó Cuiv then a junior minister (now a full cabinet minister), and coincidentally a grandson of Eamon de Valera, unilaterally suggested the Republic of Ireland should reapply for membership. The suggestion drew little hostility but no great enthusiasm. Ó Cuiv has continued to raise the issue occasionally.

Additional reading and sources

• Noel Browne, Against the Tide
• Bunreacht na hÉireann (1937 Irish Constitution)
• Stephen Collins, The Cosgrave Legacy
• Tim Pat Coogan, De Valera (Hutchinson, 1993)
• Brian Farrell, De Valera's Constitution and Ours
• F.S.L. Lyons, Ireland since the Famine
• David Gwynn Morgan, Constitutional Law of Ireland
• Tim Murphy and Patrick Twomey (eds.) Ireland's Evolving Constitution: 1937-1997 Collected Essays (Hart, 1998) ISBN 1901362175
• Alan J. Ward, The Irish Constitutional Tradition: Responsible Government and Modern Ireland 1782-1992 (Irish Academic Press, 1994) ISBN 07165252283

Also: Dáil Debates, papers from the Irish National Archives and information from a forthcoming book.