Cumae (Cuma, in Italian) is an ancient Greek settlement lying to the northwest of Naples in the Italian region of Campania.
The settlement is believed to have been founded in the 8th centuryBCE by Greeks from the city of Cuma and Chalkis in Euboea upon the earlier dwellings of indigenous, Iron-Age peoples who they supplanted.
This coalition was defeated by the Cumaens in 524 BCE under the direction of Aristodemus.
According to the Bible, when the Philistines captured the Ark of the Covenant from the Israelites around 1050BCE at Aphek, they brought it to Ashdod as a trophy for Dagon.
In the 10th centuryBCE, the city became, like the rest of the Philistine confederacy, a tributary to David of Israel.
It was under the Macedonian dynasty of Egypt, the Ptolemies, from 323 BCE till 199 BCE when the Seleucid Empire took control over Judea.