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On December 30, 1066, Muslim mob stormed the royal palace in Granada, crucified Jewish vizier Joseph ibn Naghrela and massacred most of the Jewish population of the city. "More than 1,500 Jewish families, numbering 4,000 persons, fell in one day."[1] December 30 is the 364th day of the year (365th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 1 day remaining. ...
Events January 6 - Harold II is crowned September 20 - Battle of Fulford September 25 - Battle of Stamford Bridge September 29 - William of Normandy lands in England at Pevensey. ...
Granada – Greek: (Steph. ...
Crucifixion of St. ...
For other uses, see Jew (disambiguation). ...
A Vizier (وزير, sometimes also spelled Vizir, Wasir, Wazir, Wesir, Wezir - grammatical vowel changes are common in many oriental languages) is an oriental, originally Persian, term for a high-ranking political (and sometimes religious) advisor or Minister, often to a Muslim monarch such as a Caliph, Amir, Malik (king) or Sultan. ...
According to Bernard Lewis, the massacre is "usually ascribed to a reaction among the Muslim population against a powerful and ostentatious Jewish vizier."[2] Prof. ...
Lewis writes:
Particularly instructive in this respect is anti-Jewish poem of Abu Ishaq, written in Granada in 1066. This poem, which is said to be instrumental in provoking the anti-Jewish outbreak of that year, contains these specific lines: - Do not consider it a breach of faith to kill them, the breach of faith would be to let them carry on.
- They have violated our covenant with them, so how can you be held guilty against the violators?
- How can they have any pact when we are obscure and they are prominent?
- Now we are humble, beside them, as if we were wrong and they were right![3]
Lewis continues: "Diatribes such as Abu Ishaq's and massacres such as that in Granada in 1066 are of rare occurrence in Islamic history."[3]
Walter Laqueur characterizes this episode as a pogrom: "Jews could not as a rule attain public office (as usual there were exceptions), and there were occasional pogroms, such as in Granada in 1066."[4] Walter Laqueur (born 1921) is an American historian and political commentator. ...
Pogrom (from Russian: ; from громить IPA: - to wreak havoc, to demolish violently) is a form of riot directed against a particular group, whether ethnic, religious or other, and characterized by destruction of their homes, businesses and religious centers. ...
The Jewish community of Granada had recovered over the years following 1066, but in 1090 it was attacked again at the hands of the Almoravides led by Ibn Iashufin, the event widely considered as the conclusion of the Golden age of Jewish culture in the Iberian Peninsula. Almoravides (In Arabic المرابطون al-Murabitun, sing. ...
The Golden age of Jewish culture in the Iberian Peninsula, also known as the Golden Age of Arab or Moorish Rule in Iberia, refers to a period of history during the Muslim rule of the Iberian Peninsula (the Roman and Visigothic Hispania) in which Jews were generally accepted in society...
Notes
- ^ Granada by Richard Gottheil, Meyer Kayserling, Jewish Encyclopedia. 1906 ed.
- ^ Bernard Lewis (1984): The Jews of Islam. Princeton University Press. p.54
- ^ a b Bernard Lewis (1984): The Jews of Islam. Princeton University Press. pp.44-45
- ^ Walter Laqueur: The Changing Face of Anti-Semitism: From Ancient Times to the Present Day. Oxford University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-19-530429-2 p.68
The Jewish Encyclopedia was an encyclopedia originally published between 1901 and 1906 by Funk and Wagnalls. ...
Prof. ...
Prof. ...
Walter Laqueur (born 1921) is an American historian and political commentator. ...
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