Events February 18 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy. ... Events Kingdom of Leon unites with the Kingdom of Castile. ... // Events Ardengus becomes bishop of Florence. ... // Events Fortress of Kalan built. ... Events Canonization of Saint Dominic Collapse of the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234) Deaths Emperor Chukyo of Japan Emperor Go-Horikawa of Japan Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Castile - Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and Leon (reigned... Events Anglo-Norman invasion of Connacht St. ... This is a list of decades which have articles with more information about them. ... Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1150s 1160s 1170s 1180s 1190s - 1200s - 1210s 1220s 1230s 1240s 1250s Years: 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 Events and Trends 1200 University of Paris receives charter from Philip II of France 1202-1204 Fourth Crusade - diverted to... Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1160s 1170s 1180s 1190s 1200s - 1210s - 1220s 1230s 1240s 1250s 1260s Years: 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 Events and Trends 1210 End of the reign of Emperor Tsuchimikado, emperor of Japan Emperor Juntoku ascends to the throne... Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1170s 1180s 1190s 1200s 1210s - 1220s - 1230s 1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s Years: 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 Events and Trends Categories: 1220s ... Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1180s 1190s 1200s 1210s 1220s - 1230s - 1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s Years: 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 Events and Trends Categories: 1230s ... Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1190s 1200s 1210s 1220s 1230s - 1240s - 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s 1290s Years: 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 Events and Trends Hungary was partially demolished with a great loss of life in 1241–1242 by Mongol armies of... The 1250s is the decade starting January 1, 1250 and ending December 31, 1259. ... The 1260s is the decade starting January 1, 1260 and ending December 31, 1269. ... These pages contain the trends of millennia and centuries. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ... 1231 state leaders - Events of 1232 - 1233 state leaders - State leaders by year Africa Egypt - Al-Kamil, Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt (1218-1238) Kingdom of Ghana (Susu Kingdom) - Sumanguru Kante, King of Ghana (~1200-1235) Asia Aleppo - Al-Aziz, Ayyubid Emir of Aleppo (1216-1236) Antioch - Bohemond IV, Prince of... The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used calendar in the world. ... Ab urbe condita (related with Anno urbis conditae: AUC or a. ... Dates are marked by the letters ԹՎ or the like, often with a line over, indicating tvin (in the year) followed by one to four letters, each of which stands for a number based on its order in the alphabet. ... The Baháí calendar, also called the Badí‘ calendar, used by the Baháí Faith, is a solar calendar with regular years of 365 days, and leap years of 366 days. ... The Buddhist calendar is used on mainland southeast Asia in the countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Myanmar (formerly Burma) in several related forms. ... The Chinese calendar is a lunisolar calendar, akin to the Hebrew calendar & Hindu Calendar, incorporating elements of a lunar calendar with those of a solar calendar. ... The Chinese sexagenary cycle (Chinese: ; pinyin: gānzhī) is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles, the ten Heavenly Stems (天干; tiāngān) and the twelve Earthly Branches (地支; dìzhī). These have been traditionally used as a means of numbering the years, not only in... The Chinese sexagenary cycle (Chinese: ; pinyin: gānzhī) is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles, the ten Heavenly Stems (天干; tiāngān) and the twelve Earthly Branches (地支; dìzhī). These have been traditionally used as a means of numbering the years, not only in... The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is used by the Coptic Orthodox Church. ... The Ethiopian calendar (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ዘመን አቆጣጠር yeĪtyōṗṗyā zemen āḳoṭaṭer) or Ethiopic calendar is the principal calendar used in Ethiopia, as well as in Eritrea before it became independent. ... The Hebrew calendar (Hebrew: ‎) or Jewish calendar is the annual calendar used in Judaism. ... A page from the Hindu calendar 1871-72. ... There is disagreement as to the meaning of the Indian word Samvat. ... The Indian national calendar (sometimes called Saka calendar) is the official civil calendar in use in India. ... Kali Yuga is also the title of a book by Roland Charles Wagner. ... The Holocene calendar is a proposal for a calendar reform which aims to solve a number of problems with the current Gregorian Calendar. ... The Iranian calendar (Persian: ‎) also known as Persian calendar or the Jalāli Calendar is a solar calendar currently used in Iran and Afghanistan. ... The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar (Arabic: التقويم الهجري; at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: گاه‌شماری هجري قمری ‎ Gāhshomāri-ye hejri-ye qamari; also called the Hijri calendar) is the calendar used to date events in many predominantly Muslim countries, and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to... Koinobori, flags decorated like koi, are popular decorations around Childrens Day This mural on the wall of a Tokyo subway station celebrates Hazuki, the eighth month. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Japanese era name. ... Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. ... The Julian calendar was introduced in 46 BC by Julius Caesar and came into force in 45 BC (709 ab urbe condita). ... The traditional Korean calendar is directly derived from the Asian calendar. ... The Thai solar, or Suriyakati (สุริยคติ), calendar is used in traditional and official contexts in Thailand, although the Western calendar is sometimes used in business. ...

Events

• Canonization of Saint Anthony of Padua, patron of lost items
• Pope Gregory IX driven from Rome by a revolt, taking refuge at Anagni
• First edition of Tripitaka Koreana destroyed by Mongol invaders
• Battle of Agridi 15 June 1232

Icon of St. ... ... Papal Arms of Pope Gregory IX. Gregory IX, né Ugolino di Conti (Anagni, ca. ... The Tripitaka Koreana (lit. ... June 15 is the 166th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (167th in leap years), with 199 days remaining. ...

Births

• Arnolfo di Cambio, Florentine architect (died 1310)
• Manfred of Sicily (approximate date; died 1266)
• Bernard Saisset, Occitan bishop of Pamiers (died 1311)

The tabernacle over the high altar of St. ... [edit] Events May 11 - In France, 64 members of the Knights Templar are burned at the stake for heresy Abulfeda becomes governor of Hama. ... Manfred (c. ... For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. ... Bernard Saisset (ca 1232 - ca 1311) was an Occitan bishop of Pamiers, in the County of Foix in the south of France, whose outspoken disrespect for Philip IV of France incurred charges of high treason in the overheated atmosphere of tension between the King and his ministry and Pope Boniface... Events Bolingbroke Castle passes to the House of Lancaster. ...

Deaths

• July 18 - John de Braose, Marcher lord of Bramber and Gower
• Michael Scot, Scottish mathematician and astrologer (born 1175)
• Tolui, son of Genghis Khan (born c. 1190)
• William III of Sicily executed (born 1208)

July 18 is the 199th day (200th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 166 days remaining. ... John de Braose, called Tadody (1198-July 18, 1232) was the Marcher lord of Bramber and Gower. ... Michael Scot (1175 - ?1232) was a mediaeval mathematician and scholar. ... Events Ruaidri Ua Conchobair (Rory OConner), last High King of Ireland, submits to Henry II as vassal of Ireland with the Treaty of Windsor Ly Cao Ton becomes ruler of Vietnam William of Tyre becomes archbishop of Tyre Massacre of Abergavenny ends with several noblemen dead at the hands... Tolui,also rendered Toluy or Tolui Khan (Mongolian: ; Chinese: ; pinyin: ; 1190–1232), was the youngest son of Genghis Khan by Börte. ... For other uses, see Genghis Khan (disambiguation). ... Events March 16 - Massacre and mass-suicide of the Jews of York, England prompted by Crusaders and Richard Malebys kill 150-500 Jews in Cliffords Tower June 10 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowned in the Saleph River while leading an army to Jerusalem. ... William III of Sicily (1190 - 1198) was briefly king of Sicily for 10 months in 1194. ... January 31 - Inferior Swedish forces defeats the invading danes in Battle of Lena. ...

Monarchs/Presidents

• Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276)
• Castile - Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and Leon (reigned from 1217 to 1252)
• Navarre - Sancho VII the Strong King of Navarre (reigned from 1194 to 1234)
• Portugal - Afonso II, the Fat, King of Portugal (reigned from 1212 to 1233)
• Poland - Konrad of Mazovia is succeeded by Henry I the Bearded
• Japan - Emperor Go-Horikawa succeeded by Emperor Shijō
• Mongol Empire - Ogodei, mongol khakhan (reigned from 1229 to 1241)