Before 2000 BC a settlement of the apparently indigenous Hatti people was established on sites that had been occupied even earlier.
In the 19th and 18th centuriesBC, merchants from Ashur in Assyria established a trading post here, setting up in their own separate quarter of the city.
The city was destroyed by the Phrygians around 1200 BC, leading to the collapse of the Hittite empire.