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Antiochus IV Epiphanes (614 words) |
 | Since the third son of Antiochus III was not in direct line for the Seleucid throne, he was sent to Rome as a royal hostage after his father's defeat by the Romans (189 BCE). |
| Torah observance was outlawed and the imperial cult brought into the Jewish temple itself with the erection of a statue of Antiochus as Zeus with a Hellenistic altar of sacrifice. |
| Meanwhile, the concentration of the bulk of his forces in the eastern provinces enabled the family of a Jewish priest named Mattathias to oust the Antiochene party from Jerusalem, purge the temple and begin the formation of an independent Jewish state. |
| Tell el-Far'ah - Archaeology Timeline (3466 words) |
| The attempted revolt of Josiah's son Jehoiakim in 600 BCE against the Babylonians resulted in the destruction of Judah and began the forced exile of its elite to Babylon; thus beginning the period of the Babylonian Exile. |
| In 539 BCE Cyrus II entered Babylon, thus ending the period of the Babylonian exile and ushering in a new period of prosperity and reconstruction within the region of the Eastern Mediterranean under the Persians. |
| This alliance was renewed again in 139 BCE and because of intermittent Roman activity in the orient, the stage was set for the entrance of Roman general Pompée between 66-62 BCE. |
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