NationMaster - Encyclopedia: 1832 Reform Act

The British Reform Act of 1832 (2 & 3 Will. 4, c.45; also referred to as as the Great Reform Act) introduced the first changes to electoral franchise legislation in almost one hundred and fifty years. It met strong opposition from the Tories, who had defeated earlier bills, and it required pressure on William IV and the resignation of Earl Grey's Whig government to pass. During the third reading in the Commons, the motion was carried with a government majority of one vote. 1832 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... W*nkers ... William IV (William Henry) (21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. ... Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, (March 13, 1764 - July 17, 1845), a British Whig statesman and Prime Minister. ... This article is about the British Whig party. ... A third reading is the stage of a legislative process in which a bill is read with all amendments and given final approval by a legislative body. ...

The Act extended the franchise into the middle classes. Propertied male adults paying an annual rent of £10 or more (£2 in the rural counties) could vote. The vote was also extended to those with copyhold tenure of £10 or more and leaseholders or tenants-at-will paying £50 in rent. These changes increased the electorate from 435,000 to 652,000 (1 in 7 males) and gave greater political influence to urban centres in the north while leaving the rural areas under aristocratic control. The Act also abolished 56 rotten boroughs and removed one MP from boroughs with fewer than 4,000 inhabitants. The middle class (or middle classes) comprises a social group once defined by exception as an intermediate social class between the nobility and the peasantry. ... At its origin in mediaeval England, Copyhold tenure was tenure of land according to the custom of the manor, the title deeds being a copy of the record of the manor court. ... A form of property tenure where you buy the right to occupy land or a building for a given length of time. ... The term rotten borough (or pocket borough, as they were seen as being in the pocket of a patron) refers to a parliamentary borough or constituency in the Kingdom of England (pre-1707), the Kingdom of Great Britain (1707-1801), the Kingdom of Ireland (1536-1801) and the United Kingdom... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to a parliament; in the Westminster system, specifically to the lower house. ...

However, Parliament was still under the thrall of the gentry and there was still great disparity between the size of constituencies. Despite the hopes of Lord John Russell that further reform would never be necessary, popular pressure led to greater changes. The debating chamber or hemicycle of the European Parliament in Brussels. ... The gentry is a social class of landowners. ... John Russell, 1st Earl Russell (August 18, 1792 - May 28, 1878), known as Lord John Russell before 1861, was a Whig politician who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ...

Reduced representation

Disenfranchised and rotten Boroughs

The following electoral Boroughs were completely disfranchised by this Act (Lost all legislative representation):

Newtown is a former parliamentary seat located in Newtown, abolished in the great reform act of 1832. ... This article needs to be wikified. ...

Halved franchises

Weymouth and Melcombe Regis in Dorset were reduced from 4 MPs to 2. Location within the British Isles. ... Ashburton is a small market town on the fringes of Dartmoor in Devon, lying adjacent to the A38 Devon Expressway. ... Map sources for Berwick-upon-Tweed at grid reference NT9952 Berwick-upon-Tweed from across the river Berwick-upon-Tweed, (pronounced Berrick) situated in the county of Northumberland, is the northernmost town in England, situated on the east coast on the mouth of the river Tweed. ... Bridgwater in Somerset, England, is a market town, the administrative centre of the Sedgemoor district, and the leading industrial town in the county. ... Location within the British Isles. ... Map sources for Dartmouth, Devon at grid reference SX877514 The town seen from the River Dart Dartmouth is a town in Devon in the south-west of England. ... Droitwich Spa is a town in northern Worcestershire, England. ... Location within the British Isles. ... Helston is a small town in Cornwall, England, at the northern end of the Lizard Peninsula. ... Honiton is a town in Devon, England. ... The small seaside resort and village of Hythe, in the District of Shepway, (derived from ship-way) is one of the five original Cinque Ports on the south coast of Kent, in England. ... This article is about an English city. ... Launceston (pronounced Lanson, Larnson or Lawnson by the Cornish, but Lawnston by most other people) is a town in the north of Cornwall, England, with a population of approximately 7,000. ... Liskeard, an ancient Stannary and market town at the head of the River Looe valley in southeast Cornwall, UK, is the administrative centre of the Caradon District. ... Categories: Stub | Towns in Dorset | English seaside resorts ... Malmesbury is an old-established town in north-west Wiltshire on the South Cotswolds. ... Midhurst is a market town in West Sussex with a population of approximately 5000. ... This is about the Welsh town of Monmouth. ... Morpeth is a small market town in Northumberland, England. ... Northallerton is the county town of North Yorkshire, England. ... This is about the English city of Peterborough. ... Rye is a small town in East Sussex, England, on the edge of the Romney Marsh. ... Gold Hill Shaftesbury is a town in North Dorset, England, situated on the A30 road near the Wiltshire border 20 miles west of Salisbury. ... Location within the British Isles. ... Thirsk town centre St. ... Map sources for Wallingford at grid reference SU6089 Wallingford is a small town in Oxfordshire in southern England. ... This article is about the town in England; you may have been looking for Wareham, Massachusetts . ... Westbury is a town and civil parish in the west of the English county of Wiltshire. ... Wilton is the name of several places in England: Wilton, a place in the county of Cumbria. ... Map sources for Woodstock at grid reference SP4416 Woodstock is a small town in Oxfordshire in the United Kingdom. ... Weymouth Promenade in 1993 Weymouth is a coastal town in Dorset, England. ... Melcombe Regis is an area of central Weymouth in Dorset, England. ... Dorset (pronounced Dorsit, sometimes in the past called Dorsetshire) is a county in the southwest of England, on the English Channel coast. ...

New enfranchisements

Boroughs given 1 MP

Ashton-under-Lyne is a town in Greater Manchester with a population of 44,400 (2001 estimate). ... Location within the British Isles. ... Categories: Stub | Towns in Greater Manchester ... Location within the British Isles. ... The centre of Cheltenham. ... This is about Dudley, England, for other places by the same name, see Dudley (disambiguation) Map sources for Dudley at grid reference SO9390 Dudley is a town in the West Midlands of England. ... Frome (pronounced Froom) is a small town in Somerset, England, near the Mendip Hills. ... Gateshead Millennium Bridge Gateshead is a town in Tyne and Wear in north-east England on the south side of the River Tyne opposite Newcastle upon Tyne which covers the North Bank. ... Huddersfield viewed from Castle Hill Location within the British Isles. ... Map sources for Kendal at grid ref. ... Kidderminster is a town in the Wyre Forest district of Worcestershire, England. ... This article is about the English town. ... Map sources for South Shields at grid reference NZ1658 South Shields is a town in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England. ... Salford (population: 220,000) is a city in Greater Manchester, in North West England, traditionally part of south east Lancashire. ... Tynemouth is a historic village in Tyne and Wear, England, situated at the mouth of the River Tyne, between North Shields and Whitley Bay. ... For other uses of the word, see Wakefield (disambiguation). ... Map sources for Walsall at grid reference SP0198 Walsall Art Gallery Walsall is an industrial town in the West Midlands of England, it is located northwest of Birmingham and east of Wolverhampton. ... Warrington, United Kingdom’s second biggest town (as opposed to city) after Northampton, is a town and borough in North West England, between Manchester and Liverpool. ... Map sources for Whitby at grid reference NZ8910 Whitby is a historic town in North Yorkshire on the north-east coast of England. ...

Boroughs given 2 MPs

The city from above Centenary Square. ... Location within the British Isles. ... This page is about the town of Bolton in Greater Manchester, England. ... Location within the British Isles. ... Devonport, in Devon, was formerly called Plymouth Dock. ... Greenwich (pronounced gren-itch , or by the locals) is a town, now part of the south eastern urban sprawl of London, on the south bank of the river Thames in the London Borough of Greenwich. ... Halifax is a town in the county of West Yorkshire, northern England, with a population of about 90,000. ... Lambeth is a place in the London Borough of Lambeth. ... Location within the British Isles. ... Location within the British Isles. ... Location within the British Isles. ... Marylebone (sometimes written St. ... Retford is a town on the River Idle, in the Nottinghamshire, England district of Bassetlaw. ... Sheffield is a city and metropolitan borough in the north of England. ... This page is about Stoke-on-Trent in England. ... Stroud is a town in the county of Gloucestershire, England. ... This is about the city of Sunderland in England. ... The London Borough of Tower Hamlets is the London borough to the east of the City of London, north of the River Thames in East London. ... Wolverhampton is an industrial, commercial and university city and metropolitan borough in the English West Midlands, traditionally part of the county of Staffordshire. ...

Other changes

The Isle of Wight, having had its three small boroughs disenfranchised, was given its first single MP for the whole area. The Isle of Wight is an island county off the south coast of England, opposite Southampton. ...

Yorkshire, which had 4 MPs, was given 2 MPs for each of the 3 Ridings, East, North and West Riding. Yorkshire as a traditional county. ... This page refers to a Riding as a unit in local government. ... The East Riding of Yorkshire is a local government district in the United Kingdom. ... The North Riding of Yorkshire is one of the three traditional subdivisions of the English county of Yorkshire. ... The West Riding as an administrative county prior to its abolition in 1974. ...

Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Dorset, Herefordshire and Hertfordshire were now to have 3 MPs instead of 2. For other places named Berkshire, see: Berkshire (disambiguation) Berkshire (pronounced Barkshe(e)r; sometimes abbreviated to Berks) is a county in the south of England, to the west of London and also bordering on Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Greater London, Surrey, Wiltshire and Hampshire. ... Buckinghamshire (abbreviated Bucks) is a county in South East England. ... Cambridgeshire (abbreviated Cambs) is a county in England, bordering Lincolnshire to the north, Norfolk to the northeast, Suffolk to the east, Essex and Hertfordshire to the south, and Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire to the west. ... Dorset (pronounced Dorsit, sometimes in the past called Dorsetshire) is a county in the southwest of England, on the English Channel coast. ... Herefordshire is a county in the West Midlands region of England. ... Hertfordshire (pronounced Hartfordshire and abbreviated as Herts) is an inland county in the United Kingdom, officially part of the East of England Government region. ...

County divisions

id="Scotland_and_Ireland"> Cornwall (Cornish: Kernow or occasionally Curnow) is a county of England, the part of Great Britains south-west peninsula that is west of the River Tamar, often known as the Cornish peninsula or plateau. ... This article is about the English county. ... Cumberland is one of the 39 traditional counties of England. ... Derbyshire is a county in the East Midlands of England, which boasts some of Englands most attractive hill and mountain scenery. ... Devon is a county in South West England, bordering on Cornwall to the west, Dorset and Somerset to the east. ... Durham (IPA: locally, in RP) is a small city in the north east of England. ... Essex is a county in the East of England. ... Gloucestershire (pronounced [ ˈglɒstəʃəʳ]; GLOSS-ter-sher) is a ceremonial and administrative county in southwest England. ... Hampshire (abbr. ... Kent is a county in England, south-east of London. ... Lancashire (archaically, the County of Lancaster) is a county palatine of England, lying on the Irish Sea. ... Leicestershire (abbreviated Leics) is a landlocked county in central England. ... Lincolnshire (abbreviated Lincs) is a county in the East Midlands of England, traditionally the second largest after Yorkshire. ... For alternative meanings see: Norfolk (disambiguation) Norfolk (pronounced NOR-fk) is a low-lying county in East Anglia in the east of southern England. ... Northamptonshire (abbreviated Northants) is a landlocked county in central England with a population of 629,676 (2001 census). ... For other places with this name, see Northumberland (disambiguation) Northumberland is a ceremonial and administrative county in northern England. ... Nottinghamshire (abbreviated Notts) is an English county in the East Midlands, which borders South Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, Leicestershire and Derbyshire. ... Shropshire (abbreviated Salop or Shrops) is a county in the West Midlands region of England, bordering Cheshire, Staffordshire, Worcestershire, Herefordshire, and the Welsh counties of Powys and Clwyd. ... Somerset is a county in the south-west of England. ... Staffordshire (abbreviated Staffs) is a landlocked county in the Midlands of England. ... Suffolk (pronounced suffuk) is a large traditional and administrative county in the East Anglia region of eastern England. ... Surrey is a county in southern England, one of the Home Counties. ... Sussex as a traditional county. ... Warwickshire (pronounced worrickshur or worricksheer) is a landlocked county in central England. ... Wiltshire (abbreviated Wilts) is a large southern English county. ... Worcestershire (pronounced whus-ter-shur, whus-ter-sheer, whus-ter-shyer, or wUst@rS@(r) in New Edition OED shorthand; abbreviated Worcs) is a county, located in the West Midlands region of central England. ...

Scotland and Ireland

In Scotland, the counties each continued to elect 1 member each. Edinburgh and Glasgow now had 2 MPs; Aberdeen, Dundee, Greenock, Paisley and Perth 1 each. The remaining Burghs combined in districts to elect 18 MPs. Edinburghs location in Scotland Edinburgh viewed from Arthurs Seat. ... Glasgows location in Scotland Glasgow (or Glaschu in Gaelic) is Scotlands largest city, on the River Clyde in west central Scotland. ... Aberdeens location in Scotland Aberdeen (Obar Dheathain in Scottish Gaelic) is Scotlands third largest city, with a population of 212,125. ... Dundees location in Scotland Dundee (Dùn Dèagh in Gaelic) is Scotlands fourth largest city, population 154,674 (2001), situated on the North bank of the Firth of Tay. ... Greenock (Grianaig in Scottish Gaelic) is a town in the district of Inverclyde in western Scotland. ... Paisley is: the name of several towns, including Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland Paisley, Florida, United States Paisley, Oregon, United States the name of a textile pattern or motif, often referred to as Paisley Pattern. ... Location within the British Isles. ...

Categories: British laws | 1832 in law In the United Kingdom, the Reform Act could refer to various Acts Reform Act 1832 (The First Reform Act or The Great Reform Act), which abolished rotten boroughs and gave representation to previously unrepresented urban areas like Birmingham etc. ... The Reform Act 1867 (also known as the Second Reform Act) was a piece of British legislation that greatly increased the number of men who could vote in elections in the UK. In its final form, the Reform Act 1867 enfranchised all male householders and abolished compounding (the practice of... In the United Kingdom, The Representation of the People Act of 1884 (48 Vict. ... The Representation of the People Act 1918 widened suffrage by abolishing practically all property qualifications for men and by enfranchising women over 30 who met minimum property qualifications. ... The Representation of the People Act 1928 expanded on the act of the same name of a decade earlier. ... The 1948 Representation of the People Act was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... The Representation of the People Act 1969 increased suffrage to 18 year olds. ... The Representation of the People Act 2000 changes the British electoral process in the following ways: Amendmends the 1983 Representation of the People Act Disenfranches of inmates in mental hostpitals Requires that people with disabilites that whould interfere with normal voting be given assistance External links Representation of the People... The Ballot Act 1872 required British Parlamentary elections use the secret ballot. ... The Corrupt and Illegal Practices Prevention Act, 1883 The Corrupt and Illegal Practices Prevention Act of 1883 was a continuation of policy to make votes free from the intimidation of landowners and politicians. ... The Reform Club is a private gentlemans club situated on the south side of Pall Mall (at number 104), in central London. ... An order is a way of sorting entries, also called elements, in a list. ... In the United Kingdom, the Reform Act could refer to various Acts Reform Act 1832 (The First Reform Act or The Great Reform Act), which abolished rotten boroughs and gave representation to previously unrepresented urban areas like Birmingham etc. ...

Contents

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