The year 1906 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed below. For the scientific journal named Science, see Science (journal). ... See also: Innovation By the mid 20th century humans had achieved a level of technological mastery sufficient to leave the surface of the planet for the first time and explore space. ...

Chemistry

• Charles Barkla discovers that each element has a characteristic X-ray and that the degree of penetration of these X-rays is related to the atomic weight of the element
• Mikhail Tsvet discovers the chromatography technique for organic compound separation

Charles Glover Barkla (June 7, 1877 – October 23, 1944) was an English physicist. ... In the NATO phonetic alphabet, X-ray represents the letter X. An X-ray picture (radiograph) taken by Röntgen An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength approximately in the range of 5 pm to 10 nanometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz... ... Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet (Михаил Семенович Цвет, also spelt Tsvett, Tswett, Tswet, Zwet, and Cvet) (1872-1919) was a Russian botanist who invented adsorption chromatography. ... Chromatography is a family of analytical chemistry techniques for the separation of mixtures. ...

Geology

• April 18 - The 1906 San Francisco earthquake, an est. 7.9 on the Richter scale and centered on the San Andreas fault, strikes near San Francisco, California. The earthquake and fire destroy over 80% of the buildings in the city, and kill as many as 6,000 people.
• Richard Oldham argues that the Earth has a molten interior

April 18 is the 108th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (109th in leap years). ... San Francisco City Hall, April 20, 1906. ... The Richter magnitude test scale (or more correctly local magnitude ML scale) assigns a single number to quantify the size of an earthquake. ... View of the San Andreas Fault on the Carrizo Plain in central California The San Andreas Fault is a geological fault, known as a right-lateral strike-slip fault, that spans a length of roughly 800 miles (1287 kilometers) through California. ... Nickname: The City by the Bay Motto: {{{motto}}} Official website: http://www. ... Global earthquake epicenters, 1963–1998 An earthquake is a sudden and sometimes catastrophic movement of a part of the Earths surface. ... -1... Earth, also known as Terra, and (mostly in the 19th century) Tellus, is the third-closest planet to the Sun. ...

Physics

• Walther Nernst presents a formulation of the third law of thermodynamics

Walther Nernst. ... The third law of thermodynamics was developed by Walther Nernst and is thus sometimes referred to as Nernsts theorem. ...

Medicine

• BCG (Bacilli-Calmette-Guerin) immunization for Tuberculosis first developed
• Frederick Hopkins suggests the existence of vitamins and suggests that a lack of vitamins causes scurvy and rickets
• Clemens Peter von Pirquet with Béla Schick, coins the term "allergy" to describe hypersensitive reactions.

Bacillus of Calmette and Guérin (BCG) is a vaccine against tuberculosis that is prepared from a strain of the attenuated (weakened) live bovine tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium bovis that has lost its virulence in humans by specially culturing in artificial medium for years. ... Tuberculosis is an infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also affect the central nervous system (meningitis), lymphatic system, circulatory system (miliary TB), genitourinary system, bones and joints. ... Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins (June 20, 1861 – May 16, 1947) was an English biochemist, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1929 with Christiaan Eijkman for the discovery of vitamins. ... A Vitamin is an organic molecule required by a living organism in minute amounts for proper health. ... Scurvy, known as Barlows disease in infants, is a disease that results from insufficient intake of vitamin C and leads to the formation of livid spots on the skin, spongy gums, and bleeding from almost all mucous membranes. ... X-ray of the legs in a two-year-old child with rickets Rickets is a disorder of infancy and early childhood of multiple etiologies. ... Béla Schick (July 16, 1877 - December 6, 1967), was the Hungarian-born American pediatrician. ... An allergy or Type I hypersensitivity is an immune malfunction whereby a persons body is hypersensitised to react immunologically to typically nonimmunogenic substances. ...

Technology

• Reginald Fessenden makes the first radio broadcast: a poetry reading, a violin solo, and a speech.

Reginald Aubrey Fessenden (October 6, 1866 - July 22, 1932) was a Canadian inventor born in East Bolton, Quebec, the son of a Protestant minister. ...

Awards

• Nobel Prizes
  • Physics - Sir Joseph John Thomson
  • Chemistry - Henri Moissan
  • Medicine - Camillo Golgi, Santiago Ramón y Cajal

This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Hannes Alfvén, 1970 winner for work on astrophysical plasmas List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... Sir Joseph John Thomson Sir Joseph John Thomson (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940), often known as J. J. Thomson, was an English physicist, the discoverer of the electron. ... This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to the present day. ... The French chemist Henri Moissan (1852--1907) won the 1906 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in isolating fluorine from its compounds. ... List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to the present day. ... Camillo Golgi Camillo Golgi (July 7, 1843 – January 21, 1926) was an Italian physician. ... Santiago Ramón y Cajal Santiago Ramón y Cajal (May 1, 1852 – October 17, 1934), Nobel laureate, 1906, was a Spanish histologist and is considered to be the father of modern neuroscience. ...

Births

• January 11 - Albert Hofmann, chemist
• February 4 - Clyde Tombaugh (d. 1997), astronomer
• April 28 - Kurt Gödel (d. 1978), mathematician
• July 2 - Hans Bethe (d. 2005), Nobel Prize Physicist
• August 19 - Philo T. Farnsworth (d. 1971), television pioneer.
• September 4 - Max Delbrück (d. 1981), biologist.
• November 3 - Carl Benjamin Boyer (d. 1976), historian of mathematics
• November 5 - Fred Lawrence Whipple (d. 2004), American astronomer who coined the term "dirty snowball" to explain the nature of comets.
• December 25 - Ernst Ruska (d. 1988), Nobel Prize Physicist

January 11 is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Dr. Albert Hofmann Dr. Albert Hofmann (born January 11, 1906) is a prominent Swiss scientist and best known as the father of LSD. He was born in Baden, Switzerland, and studied chemistry at the University of Zurich. ... Look up chemist on Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... February 4 is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Clyde William Tombaugh (February 4, 1906 – January 17, 1997) was an American astronomer who discovered the planet Pluto in 1930. ... See also: Other events of 1997 List of years in science . ... Astrology: the study of the positions of the celestial objects relative to the Earth and how these positions affect happenings on the lives of cultures, nations and the natural environment. ... April 28 is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 247 days remaining. ... Kurt Gödel Kurt Gödel [kurt gøːdl], (April 28, 1906 – January 14, 1978) was a logician, mathematician, and philosopher of mathematics. ... See also: Other events of 1978 List of years in science . ... Mathematics is often defined as the study of topics such as quantity, structure, space, and change. ... July 2 is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 182 days remaining. ... Hans Bethe Hans Albrecht Bethe (pronounced Bay-tuh; July 2, 1906 – March 6, 2005), was a German-American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics for 1967 for his discovery of stellar nucleosynthesis. ... See also: Other events of 2005 List of years in science . ... Hannes Alfvén, 1970 winner for work on astrophysical plasmas List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... August 19 is the 231st day of the year (232nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... This article needs cleanup. ... See also: Other events of 1971 List of years in science . ... September 4 is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years). ... Max Delbrück (September 4, 1906 - March 9, 1981) was a German biologist. ... See also: Other events of 1981 List of years in science . ... A biologist is a scientist devoted to and producing results in biology through the study of organisms. ... November 3 is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 58 days remaining. ... Carl Benjamin Boyer (April 28, 1906 - April 21, 1976) was a historian of mathematics. ... See also: Other events of 1976 List of years in science . ... November 5 is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 56 days remaining. ... Fred Lawrence Whipple (November 5, 1906–August 30, 2004) was an American astronomer. ... See also: Other events of 2004 List of years in science . ... An astronomer or astrophysicist is a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics. ... Comet Hale-Bopp A comet is a small body in the solar system that orbits the sun and (at least occasionally) exhibits a coma (or atmosphere) and/or a tail — both due primarily to the effects of solar radiation upon the comets nucleus, which itself is a minor planet... December 25 is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 6 days remaining. ... Ernst August Friedrich Ruska (December 25, 1906–May 25, 1988) was a German physicist. ... See also: Other events of 1988 List of years in science . ... Hannes Alfvén, 1970 winner for work on astrophysical plasmas List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ...

Deaths

• February 27 - Samuel Pierpont Langley (b. 1834), astronomer.
• March 8 - Henry Baker Tristram (b. 1822), English ornithologist.
• September 5 - Ludwig Boltzmann (b. 1844), Austrian physicist.