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Encyclopedia > 1941 (film)
1941
Directed by Steven Spielberg
Produced by Buzz Feitshans
Written by Robert Zemeckis
Bob Gale
Starring John Belushi
Ned Beatty
Dan Aykroyd
John Candy
Lorraine Gary
Murray Hamilton
Toshiro Mifune
Robert Stack
Warren Oates
Tim Matheson
Christopher Lee
Treat Williams
Slim Pickens
Music by John Williams
Distributed by Columbia Pictures (worldwide theatrical and television distribution); Universal Studios (domestic theatrical and home video distribution)
Release date(s) December 14, 1979
Running time 118 min. (theatrical version); 146 min. (extended cut)
Language English
Budget $35,000,000
All Movie Guide profile
IMDb profile

1941 is Steven Spielberg's fourth theatrical film, written by Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale. It starred John Belushi and Dan Aykroyd and premiered in December 1979. The film is a comedy about a panic in the Los Angeles area that occurs after the 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor. The plot is loosely based on the West Coast air raid an incident that has come to be known as the Great Los Angeles Air Raid of 1942 and the Battle of Los Angeles, as well as the shelling of the Ellwood oil refinery, near Santa Barbara, by a Japanese submarine. In the film version, the Japanese submarine crew, led by Commander Mitamuru (Toshiro Mifune in a near-parody of other, more serious roles as Japanese officers in American films) are joined by a hard-line German naval captain (Christopher Lee), and have crossed the Pacific ocean to destroy something "honorable." Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Steven Allan Spielberg (born December 18, 1946)[1] is an American film director and producer. ... Robert Lee Bob Zemeckis (born May 14, 1952) is an Academy Award and Golden Globe-winning American movie director, producer and writer. ... Bob Gale (May 25, 1951, University City, Missouri), born Michael Robert Gale, is an Academy Award nominated American screenwriter who, amongst other things, co-wrote Back to the Future with writing partner Robert Zemeckis and also wrote the two sequels for the film. ... John Adam Belushi (January 24, 1949 – March 5, 1982) was an Emmy Award-winning American comedian, actor and musician, notable for his work on Saturday Night Live, National Lampoons Animal House and The Blues Brothers. ... Ned Thomas Beatty (born July 6, 1937) is an Academy Award-nominated American character actor. ... Daniel Edward Aykroyd CM (born July 1, 1952) is an Academy Award-nominated and Emmy Award-winning Canadian/American comedian, actor, screenwriter, and musician. ... John Franklin Candy (October 31, 1950 – March 4, 1994) was a Canadian comedian and actor. ... Lorraine Gary (born August 16, 1937 in New York City) is an actress best known for her role as Ellen Brody in Jaws, Jaws 2, and Jaws: The Revenge. ... Murray Hamilton (March 24, 1923 – September 1, 1986) was an American stage, screen, and television character actor. ... Toshiro Mifune in the film Drunken Angel. ... Robert Langford Modini Stack (January 13, 1919 – May 14, 2003) was an American stage and movie actor. ... Warren Oates (July 5, 1928 – April 3, 1982) was an American character actor best known for his performances in several films directed by Sam Peckinpah including The Wild Bunch (1969) and Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia (1974). ... Tim Matheson, an American actor, was born Timothy Lewis Matthieson on December 31, 1947, in Glendale, California, a suburb of Los Angeles. ... Christopher Frank Carandini Lee, CBE (born May 27, 1922) is an English actor known for his professional longevity and his distinctive basso delivery. ... Richard Treat Williams (born December 1, 1951 in Rowayton, Connecticut) is an American actor. ... Slim Pickens riding the bomb in the movie Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb Louis Bert Lindley, Jr. ... For other persons named John Williams, see John Williams (disambiguation). ... The Columbia Pictures logo from 1993 to the present Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. ... This article is about the American media conglomerate. ... is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Steven Allan Spielberg (born December 18, 1946)[1] is an American film director and producer. ... Robert Lee Bob Zemeckis (born May 14, 1952) is an Academy Award and Golden Globe-winning American movie director, producer and writer. ... Bob Gale (May 25, 1951, University City, Missouri), born Michael Robert Gale, is an Academy Award nominated American screenwriter who, amongst other things, co-wrote Back to the Future with writing partner Robert Zemeckis and also wrote the two sequels for the film. ... John Adam Belushi (January 24, 1949 – March 5, 1982) was an Emmy Award-winning American comedian, actor and musician, notable for his work on Saturday Night Live, National Lampoons Animal House and The Blues Brothers. ... Daniel Edward Aykroyd CM (born July 1, 1952) is an Academy Award-nominated and Emmy Award-winning Canadian/American comedian, actor, screenwriter, and musician. ... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Angels Location Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates , Government State County California Los Angeles County Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,290. ... This article is about the actual attack. ... The image on the front page of the Los Angeles Times after the Air Raid; the caption read SEEKING OUT OBJECT - Scores of searchlights built a wigwam of light beams over Los Angeles early yesterday morning during the alarm. ... The Battle of Los Angeles is the third studio album by Rage Against the Machine. ... Alternative meaning: Santa Barbara (soap opera) Santa Barbara is the county seat of Santa Barbara County, California, United States. ... Toshiro Mifune in the film Drunken Angel. ... Christopher Frank Carandini Lee, CBE (born May 27, 1922) is an English actor known for his professional longevity and his distinctive basso delivery. ...


Although it was not as financially successful as Spielberg's previous (and later) films, it is widely recognized for its special-effects laden progressive action and camera sequences.[1][2]

Contents

Plot

Susan Backlinie, who played the first victim in Spielberg's Jaws, plays a character who goes for a midnight swim, alone and naked. But instead of a shark, a Japanese submarine surfaces under her. She holds on to the periscope as it rises. A Japanese crew member looks up at the naked girl clinging to the submarine, and yells: "Hollywood! Hollywood!" At this point, the submarine crew realizes they have arrived where they intended to be, Hollywood, and the vessel submerges once again. Susan Backlinie (born Susan Jane Swindall, 1 September 1946) is a former actress and stuntwoman best known for playing Chrissie Watkins, the first victim in the Steven Spielberg 1975 blockbuster Jaws. ... It has been suggested that Orca (Jaws boat) be merged into this article or section. ...


Back on land, Dishwasher Wally Stephens (Bobby Di Cicco) makes plans to enter a dance contest with Betty Douglas (Dianne Kay), against her father’s wishes. Tank crew Sgt. Frank Tree (Dan Aykroyd), Private Foley (John Candy) and Corporal Sitarski (Treat Williams) are also at Wally’s restaurant. Bobby Di Cicco is an American actor, born in 1955 in Illinois. ... Born 29 March 1954 in Phoenix, Arizona, actress Dianne Kay is best known for her role as Nancy Bradford in the ABC television show Eight is Enough (1977-1981; reunion movies in 1987 & 1989). ... Daniel Edward Aykroyd CM (born July 1, 1952) is an Academy Award-nominated and Emmy Award-winning Canadian/American comedian, actor, screenwriter, and musician. ... John Franklin Candy (October 31, 1950 – March 4, 1994) was a Canadian comedian and actor. ... Richard Treat Williams (born December 1, 1951 in Rowayton, Connecticut) is an American actor. ...


Meanwhile, Captain Wild Bill Kelso, (John Belushi), lands his Curtiss P-40 fighter to refuel but accidentally blows up the petrol station. John Adam Belushi (January 24, 1949 – March 5, 1982) was an Emmy Award-winning American comedian, actor and musician, notable for his work on Saturday Night Live, National Lampoons Animal House and The Blues Brothers. ... The Curtiss P-40 was a US single-engine, single-seat, low-wing, all-metal fighter and ground attack aircraft which first flew in 1938, and was used in great numbers in World War II. It was a direct adaptation of the existing P-36 airframe to enable mass production...


Just days after the attack on Pearl Harbor, in Los Angeles, Major General Joseph Stilwell (Robert Stack)'s attempts to bring order, but Colonel Mad Man Maddox (Warren Oates), Donna Stratten, the General's new secretary (Nancy Allen) and the General's assistant, Captain Loomis Birkhead, (Tim Matheson) all have other ideas. This article is about the harbor in Hawaii. ... Los Angeles and L.A. redirect here. ... Joseph Warren Stilwell (March 19, 1883 – October 12, 1946) was a United States Army four-star general best-known for his service in China. ... Robert Langford Modini Stack (January 13, 1919 – May 14, 2003) was an American stage and movie actor. ... Warren Oates (July 5, 1928 – April 3, 1982) was an American character actor best known for his performances in several films directed by Sam Peckinpah including The Wild Bunch (1969) and Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia (1974). ... Nancy Allen is the name of: an actress best known for her roles in films including Dressed to Kill and Blow Out,formerly married to Brian De Palma. ... Tim Matheson, an American actor, was born Timothy Lewis Matthieson on December 31, 1947, in Glendale, California, a suburb of Los Angeles. ...


At the Douglas family home on the coast, Wally is confronted by Mr. Douglas (Ned Beatty), and his wife Joan (Lorraine Gary), still angry that he previously destroyed their car. Soon after, the tank crew arrive to deliver a large gun; Corporal Sitarski spots Betty. Ned Thomas Beatty (born July 6, 1937) is an Academy Award-nominated American character actor. ... Lorraine Gary (born August 16, 1937 in New York City) is an actress best known for her role as Ellen Brody in Jaws, Jaws 2, and Jaws: The Revenge. ...


The Japanese submarine becomes lost trying to find Los Angeles when the ship's compass is broken. A landing party captures a local timber merchant, Hollis Wood, (Slim Pickens); on board the sub, they see he has a small Cracker Jack compass that he swallows. Wood escapes, while in Los Angeles, Major General Stilwell goes to see Dumbo. Captain Birkhead and Donna Stratten decide to go the local airfield where Colonel Madman Maddox has both aircraft and a belief the Japanese are about to attack. Slim Pickens riding the bomb in the movie Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb Louis Bert Lindley, Jr. ... Dumbo is a 1941 animated feature film produced by Walt Disney and first released on October 23, 1941 by RKO Radio Pictures. ...


At the USO dance, Sitarski and Betty are inside as Wally sneaks in with a stolen MP's uniform, steals Betty away but ignites a massive brawl involving all the servicemen. Sgt Tree arrives in his tank just as Los Angeles goes to Red Alert with an unknown aircraft in the air. Ward Douglas spots the Japanese submarine lurking near his home. As Birkhead and Stratten fly over Los Angeles in the back of a purloined aircraft, civil defense batteries blast away. Chaos continues as Wild Bill joins the fight and crashes.


Wally commanders Sgt Tree's tank, Wild Bill follows on motorbike, crashing through a paint factory and then a turpentine factory. Meanwhile Ward Douglas begins firing at the Japanese submarine which returns fire, destroying an amusement park Ferris wheel (Mitamuru: "Fire at that industrial structure!"). The tank is blown up but Wild Bill drives his motorbike off the pier and swims to the submarine, where he is captured by the Japanese, who, believing their honorable mission accomplished, now return home. The German Captain is thrown overboard by the Japanese and is later captured-the only US "victory" of the movie.


The following morning, General Stilwell arrives at the Douglas home where Ward Douglas goes to hang a Christmas wreath, only to accidentally push his damaged home into the Pacific Ocean. The movie ends with all the characters in front of the foundations of the destroyed home.


Reception

The film, mainly a production of Columbia Pictures (with some help from Universal Studios, which now owns the worldwide rights to the film, with the exception of television distribution, which is handled by Sony Pictures Television), was a moderate box office success, but not the blockbuster film the producers were hoping for. Because the film failed to match the box office numbers of Spielberg's previous films, Jaws and Close Encounters of the Third Kind, 1941 was considered a flop by comparison in regards to Spielberg's previous record on Jaws. This article is about motion pictures. ... The Columbia Pictures logo from 1993 to the present Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. ... This article is about the American media conglomerate. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The term box office can refer to either: A place where tickets are sold to the public for admission to a venue The amount of business a particular production, such as a movie or theatre show, does. ... Blockbuster, as applied to film or theater, denotes a very popular and/or successful production. ... It has been suggested that Orca (Jaws boat) be merged into this article or section. ... This article is about the film; for the a definition of the UFO related phenomenon, see Close encounter. ...


It did not help that some mainstream publications pre-labeled it as "Spielberg's Christmas Turkey". The film was slammed for being excessive and ham-handed. 1941, along with Francis Ford Coppola's Apocalypse Now, Martin Scorsese's New York, New York, and Robert Altman's Popeye, became major examples of excessive directorial control over a film and marked the beginning of the end of the New Hollywood era which closed with the historic failure of Michael Cimino's Heaven's Gate. While Apocalypse Now achieved critical acclaim and reasonable box-office success, the other films are regarded as each of the respective director's failures. Francis Ford Coppola (born April 7, 1939) is a five-time Academy Award winning American film director, producer, and screenwriter. ... Apocalypse Now is a 1979 Academy Award and Golden Globe winning American film set during the Vietnam War. ... Martin Marcantonio Luciano Scorsese (IPA: AmE: ; Ita: []) (born November 17, 1942) is an American film director, writer and producer and founder of the World Cinema Foundation. ... For other uses, see New York, New York (disambiguation). ... For other persons named Robert Altman, see Robert Altman (disambiguation). ... Popeye is a 1980 live-action film directed by Robert Altman, based on the comic strip and cartoon character Popeye the Sailor. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Michael Cimino (born February 3, 1939, New York City) is an Australia film director. ... Heavens Gate is a 1980 western movie, which depicts a highly fictionalized account of the Johnson County War, a dispute between land barons and European immigrants in Wyoming in the 1890s. ... Apocalypse Now is a 1979 Academy Award and Golden Globe winning American film set during the Vietnam War. ...


Spielberg humorously joked at one point that he considered converting 1941 into a musical halfway into production and mused that "in retrospect, that might have helped." The musical film is a film genre in which several songs sung by the characters are interwoven into the narrative. ...


However, Bob Gale notes in a DVD documentary about the film: "It is down in the history books as a big flop, but it wasn't a flop. The movie didn't make the kind of money that Steven's other movies, Steven's most successful movies have made, obviously. But the movie was by no means a flop. And both Universal and Columbia have come out of it just fine."


Extended Releases

The film was previewed at approximately 2 1/2 hours but because both Columbia Pictures and Universal Studios had major involvement with the production of the film, Spielberg was unhappy with the final 120-minute theatrical cut of 1941 which was heavily influenced by the involvement of both studios. After the success of his 1980 "Special Edition" of Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Spielberg was given permission to create his own "extended cut" of 1941 to represent his original extended cut – this was done for network television (it was only shown on ABC one time, but was seen years later on The Disney Channel). A similar extended version (with additional footage and a few subtle changes) was released on LaserDisc, and later on DVD. The Columbia Pictures logo from 1993 to the present Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. ... This article is about the American media conglomerate. ... This article is about the film; for the a definition of the UFO related phenomenon, see Close encounter. ... A television network is a distribution network for television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many television stations. ... The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) operates television and radio networks in the United States and is also shown on basic cable in Canada. ... The Disney Channel is a cable TV network run by The Walt Disney Company in the United States. ...


Cast

It is notable as one of the few American films featuring Toshiro Mifune, a popular Japanese actor. Daniel Edward Aykroyd CM (born July 1, 1952) is an Academy Award-nominated and Emmy Award-winning Canadian/American comedian, actor, screenwriter, and musician. ... Ned Thomas Beatty (born July 6, 1937) is an Academy Award-nominated American character actor. ... John Adam Belushi (January 24, 1949 – March 5, 1982) was an Emmy Award-winning American comedian, actor and musician, notable for his work on Saturday Night Live, National Lampoons Animal House and The Blues Brothers. ... John Franklin Candy (October 31, 1950 – March 4, 1994) was a Canadian comedian and actor. ... Lorraine Gary (born August 16, 1937 in New York City) is an actress best known for her role as Ellen Brody in Jaws, Jaws 2, and Jaws: The Revenge. ... Bobby Di Cicco is an American actor, born in 1955 in Illinois. ... Joe Flaherty Joe Flaherty (June 21, 1941) is an American Canadian comedian. ... Murray Hamilton (March 24, 1923 – September 1, 1986) was an American stage, screen, and television character actor. ... Christopher Frank Carandini Lee, CBE (born May 27, 1922) is an English actor known for his professional longevity and his distinctive basso delivery. ... Tim Matheson, an American actor, was born Timothy Lewis Matthieson on December 31, 1947, in Glendale, California, a suburb of Los Angeles. ... Toshiro Mifune in Yojimbo Toshiro Mifune (三船 敏郎 Mifune Toshirō) (April 1, 1920 - December 24, 1997) was a charismatic Japanese actor who appeared in almost 170 feature films. ... Warren Oates (July 5, 1928 – April 3, 1982) was an American character actor best known for his performances in several films directed by Sam Peckinpah including The Wild Bunch (1969) and Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia (1974). ... Robert Langford Modini Stack (January 13, 1919 – May 14, 2003) was an American stage and movie actor. ... Richard Treat Williams (born December 1, 1951 in Rowayton, Connecticut) is an American actor. ... Eddie Deezen (born March 6, 1958 in Cumberland, Maryland) is an American character actor, primarily cast in stereotypical nerd roles. ... Nancy Anne Allen (born June 24, 1950) is an American film actress. ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Born 29 March 1954 in Phoenix, Arizona, actress Dianne Kay is best known for her role as Nancy Bradford in the ABC television show Eight is Enough (1977-1981; reunion movies in 1987 & 1989). ... Dub Taylor (February 26, 1907 - October 3, 1994) was a prolific American character actor who worked extensively in Westerns. ... Slim Pickens riding the bomb in the movie Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb Louis Bert Lindley, Jr. ... Ignatius Iggie Wolfington (October 14, 1920 - September 30, 2004) was an actor best known for playing Marcellus Washburn in the Broadway musical The Music Man. ... Toshiro Mifune in the film Drunken Angel. ...


Both John Wayne and Charlton Heston were offered the role of Major General Stilwell. Wayne phoned director Steven Spielberg, who had given him the script, and not only turned it down due to ill health but tried to get Spielberg to drop the project as he felt it unpatriotic. Susan Backlinie, the actress in the Polar Bear Club dressing gown at the beginning of the movie, was spoofing her role in a similar scene in Jaws. For other persons named John Wayne, see John Wayne (disambiguation). ... This article contains a trivia section. ...


Production notes

According to Steven Spielberg's appearance in the documentary Stanley Kubrick: A Life in Pictures, Kubrick suggested that 1941 should have been marketed as a drama rather than a comedy. “Kubrick” redirects here. ...


When Captain Wild Bill Kelso slipped off the wing of his airplane after being lifted by two soldiers, it was a real accident; it was left in the movie as it fitted his eccentric character. The filling station where Captain Wild Bill Kelso (John Belushi) landed to refuel was also used in Spielberg's Duel. Lucille Benson, the filling station attendant, had a role in Duel as the owner of the Snakerama roadside attraction. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Duel is a 1971 television movie directed by Steven Spielberg and starring Dennis Weaver. ...


It took so long to set up the final sequence of shots in which the house falls into the sea that cast and crew members started a betting pool on the day and time the shot would begin filming. Dan Aykroyd won the bet. Daniel Edward Aykroyd CM (born July 1, 1952) is an Academy Award-nominated and Emmy Award-winning Canadian/American comedian, actor, screenwriter, and musician. ...


Co-Writer Bob Gale stated that many of the events in the movie were based on real incidents, including the West coast air raid, the Ellwood Shelling, the Zoot Suit Riots and an incident where the army really did put an anti-aircraft gun in the yard of a homeowner on the coast (in Maine),[citation needed] and a Japanese submarine which made it past the U.S. defences and torpedoed a line of docks in Los Angeles.[citation needed] The chaos of the events is summarized by Dan Aykroyd's character, Sgt. Tree, who states "he cannot stand Americans fighting Americans." Bob Gale (May 25, 1951, University City, Missouri), born Michael Robert Gale, is an Academy Award nominated American screenwriter who, amongst other things, co-wrote Back to the Future with writing partner Robert Zemeckis and also wrote the two sequels for the film. ... The image on the front page of the Los Angeles Times after the Air Raid; the caption read SEEKING OUT OBJECT - Scores of searchlights built a wigwam of light beams over Los Angeles early yesterday morning during the alarm. ... Attacks on North America during World War II by the Axis Powers were rare, mainly due to the continents geographical separation from the central theaters of conflict in Europe and Asia. ... Zoot Suit riots, June 1943 For the swing album by Cherry Poppin Daddies, see Zoot Suit Riot (album) The Zoot Suit Riots were a series of riots that erupted in Los Angeles, California during World War II, between sailors and soldiers stationed in the city and Mexican American youths, who...


Some of the scenes made so much noise during filming that the crew could not hear director Steven Spielberg yell "cut". For those scenes he had to fire a prop machine gun in the air to get the action to stop.


The Star Trek: The Next Generation starship USS Bozeman takes its hull number of NCC-1941 from the film, as modelmaker Greg Jein worked on both productions. The title as it appeared in most episodes opening credits. ... The USS Bozeman, NCC-1941, was commissioned sometime during the mid- to late-23rd Century, and by the 2280s, was under the command of Capt. ...


Deleted scenes

A deleted scene had Slim Pickens' character threatened with what looks like a torture device but turns out to be a coat hanger. Steven Spielberg hated losing the joke and swore he'd try to put it in every one of his future movies until it stayed there. Luckily, this happened in his very next film, Raiders of the Lost Ark. Raiders of the Lost Ark, also known as Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark, is a 1981 adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg, produced by George Lucas and starring Harrison Ford. ...


Another deleted scene showed John Belushi's Wild Bill crossing paths with Aykroyd's Frank Tree as Bill heads for the Japanese sub just as Tree emerges from the water submerged tank. The two look at each other as if they recognize one another, a reference to their friendship and partnership from Saturday Night Live. It was the only scene where they interacted. This article is about the American television series. ...


Goofs

In the opening scenes, in which a Japanese submarine surfaces off the coast of California, Haystack Rock can clearly be seen. Haystack Rock is a prominent landmark off the Oregon coast. Haystack Rock with The Needles Haystack Rock is a 235-foot tall monolith (or sea stack) on the Oregon coast in the northwestern United States, the third-tallest such structure in the world. ...


Musical score

The musical score for 1941 was conducted and composed by John Williams. The march song from 1941 is perhaps most memorable, repeated throughout the movie and is by Spielberg's most favorite march ever written by Williams. The score included a mixture of 40's popular music such as the Jitterbug. Music from the score (tracks listed as they appear on the soundtrack LP and CD) was based on characters and scenes from the movie: For other persons named John Williams, see John Williams (disambiguation). ... The Jitterbug is a swing dance, a subset of Lindy Hop, with an emphasis on 6-count moves and fast spins. ...

  1. The March From 1941
  2. The Invasion
  3. The Sentries
  4. Riot At The U.S.O.
  5. To Hollywood And Glory
  6. Swing, Swing, Swing
  7. The Battle Of Hollywood
  8. The Ferris Wheel Sequence
  9. Finale of 1941

The LaserDisc and DVD of the film has an isolated music-only track, which includes additional cues not heard on the soundtrack album.


References

  1. ^ Dolan 1985, p. 98-99. Quote: "The special effects are beautifully done."
  2. ^ Culhane, 1981, p. 127. Quote: "... there are no tell-tale lines around any element of the composite photography. This is blue-screen work at its best." (The Oscar-winning team of L. B. Abbott and A.D. Flowers were in charge of the special effects on 1941.)
  • Bonham, Joseph and Kay, Joe, eds. 1941: The Poster Book. New York: Starlog Press, 1979.
  • ________. Bombs Awaayyy!!! The Official 1941 Magazine. New York: Starlog Press, 1979.
  • Clarke, James. Steven Spielberg. London: Pocket Essentials, 2004. ISBN 1-90404-829-3.
  • Culhane, John. Special Effects in the Movies; How They Do it. New York: Ballantine Books, 1981. ISBN 0-345-28606-5.
  • Crawley, Tony. The Steven Spielberg Story. New York: William Morrow, 1983. ISBN 0-68802-510-2.
  • Dolan Edward F. Jr. Hollywood Goes to War. London: Bison Books, 1985. ISBN 0-86124-229-7.
  • Erickson, Glenn and Trainor, Mary Ellen. The Making of 1941. New York: Ballantine Books, 1980. ISBN 0-345-28924-2.
  • Freer, Ian. The Complete Spielberg. New York: Virgin Books, 2001. ISBN 0-75350-556-8.
  • 1941, the making of (DVD Commentary). 1999.
  • Sinyard, Neil. The Films of Steven Spielberg. London: Bison Books, 1986. ISBN 0-86124-352-8.
  • "Steven Spielberg The Collectors Edition". Empire Magazine, 2004.

External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
1941 (film) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (523 words)
The film, mainly a production of Columbia Pictures (with some help from Universal Studios), was a moderate box office success, but not the blockbuster film the producers were hoping for.
Because the film failed to match the box office numbers of Spielberg's previous films,Jaws and Close Encounters of the Third Kind, 1941 was considered a flop by comparison and a stain on Spielberg's reputation.
The film was a major critical failure who slammed the film for being excessive and ham-handed.
1941 in film - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (113 words)
Listen to Britain, British propaganda film directed by Humphrey Jennings
January 5 - Miyazaki Hayao, Japanese film maker
June 25 - Denys Arcand, screenwriter, film director
  More results at FactBites »


 

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