Categories: Middle Eastern history stubs | 1948 Arab-Israeli War | 1947 | History of Jerusalem | Riots in Israel and Palestine Image File history File links Flag_of_Canada. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union. ... Image File history File links European_flag. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Nations. ... United Nations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Canada. ... Lester Bowles Mike Pearson, PC, CC, OM, OBE, MA, LL.D. (April 23, 1897 – December 27, 1972) was a Canadian statesman, diplomat and politician who was made a Nobel Laureate in 1957. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Egypt. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_United_Arab_Republic. ... Gamal Abdel Nasser (January 15, 1918 – September 28, 1970; Arabic: جمال عبد الناصر name also transliterated as Jamal Abd al-Naser and other variants) was the leader of Egypt from 1954 until his death in 1970. ... Image File history File links Eg-1972. ... Muhammad Anwar Al-Sadat (محمد أنورالسادات in Arabic) (December 25, 1918 – October 6, 1981) was an Egyptian politician and served as the third President of Egypt from September 28, 1970 until his assassination on October 6, 1981. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... (IPA [mæhʼmud æhmædineʼʒɒd]), sometimes also transcribed into English as Mahmud, Mahmood, Ahmadinezhad, Ahmadi-Nejad, Ahmadi Nejad (Persian: ; born October 28, 1956), is the sixth president of the Islamic Republic of Iran. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... Order: 5th President of Iran First Vice President: Hassan Habibi (1997–2001), Mohammad Reza Aref (2001–2005) Term of office: August 3, 1997 – August 2, 2005 Preceded by: Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani Succeeded by: Mahmoud Ahmadinejad Date of birth: 1943 Place of birth: Ardakan, Iran Political party: Militant Clerics League Hojjat... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... Musavi Khomeini (Hendi zadeh) founded the Islamic Republic of Iran Ayatollah Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini (Hendizadeh) ( ) (Persian: روح الله موسوي خمینی Arabic: روح الله الموسوي الخميني) (May 17, 1900?[1] – June 3, 1989) was a Shia Muslim cleric and marja, and the political leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq_1924. ... Faisal bin Husayn (Arabic:فيصل بن حسين May 20, 1883 – September 8, 1933) was for a short while king of Greater Syria in 1920 and king of Iraq from 1921 to 1933. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq. ... Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti, (Arabic: ), (born April 28, 1937 ), was the President of Iraq from 1979 until the United States-led invasion of Iraq reached Baghdad on April 9, 2003. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Ehud Barak (Hebrew: אֵהוּד בָּרָק) (born February 12, 1942, in Mishmar HaSharon kibbutz, then British Mandate of Palestine) is an Israeli politician and was the 10th Prime Minister of Israel from 1999 to 2001. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (August 16, 1913 – March 9, 1992) (Hebrew: מְנַחֵם בּגִין) head of the Zionist underground group the Irgun, Nobel Peace Prize laureate and the first right-wing Likud Prime Minister of Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Moshe Dayan (help· info) (Hebrew: משה דיין) (May 20, 1915 – October 16, 1981), was an Israeli military leader and politician. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Golda Meir (Hebrew: ) (born Golda Mabovitz; May 3, 1898 – December 8, 1978) was one of the founders of the State of Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Ehud Olmert (IPA ; Hebrew: אהוד אולמרט; born September 30, 1945) is the 12th and current Prime Minister of Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew שִׁמְעוֹן פֶּרֶס without Niqqud: שמעון פרס) (born Shimon Perske on August 16, 1923 in Poland, and immigrated with his family to Israel in 1934), is an Israeli politician, who was a supporter of the Labor Party until December 2005, but still holding a status of member. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew: יִצְחָק רָבִּין), (March 1, 1922 – November 4, 1995) was an Israeli politician and general. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew: אֲרִיאֵל שָׁרוֹן, also known by his diminutive Arik) (born February 26, 1928) is a former Israeli politician and a retired general. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Chaim Weizmann and Harry S. Truman, May 25, 1948 Chaim Azriel Weizmann (Hebrew: חיים ויצמן) (also: Chaijim W., Haim W.) (November 27, 1874 – November 9, 1952) chemist, statesman, President of the World Zionist Organization, first President of Israel (elected May 16, 1948, served 1949 - 1952) and founder of a research institute in... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jordan. ... Abdullah of Jordan may refer to either of two kings of Jordan: Abdullah I of Jordan (1882 – 1951) Abdullah II of Jordan (b. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jordan. ... Hussein bin Talal (Arabic: ; November 14, 1935 – February 7, 1999) was the King of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan from 1952 to 1999. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lebanon. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Mona Juul is an official in the Norwegian Foreign Affairs Ministry. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Johan Jørgen Holst Bust by Per Ung 1999 Johan Jørgen Holst (November 29, 1937 - January 13, 1994) was a Norwegian politician, best known for his involvement with the Oslo Accords. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Terje Rød-Larsen (born November 22, 1947) is a Norwegian diplomat and sociologist. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... Count Folke Bernadotte of Wisborg (January 2, 1895 - September 17, 1948), or simply Count Bernadotte, was a Swedish diplomat noted for his negotiation of the release of 15,000 mostly Scandinavian prisoners [1] from the German concentration camps in World War II and for his assassination by members of a... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Mahmoud Abbas (Arabic: محمود عباس) (born March 26, 1935), commonly known by the kunya Abu Mazen (ابو مازن), was elected President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) on January 9, 2005 and took office on January 15, 2005. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Yasser Arafat (Arabic: ياسر عرفات‎) (August 4, 1929 or August 24, 1929 – November 11, 2004), born in Cairo, Egypt, Mohammed Abdel-Raouf Arafat al-Qudwa al-Husseini (محمد عبد الرؤوف القدوة الحسيني) and also known by the kunya Abu `Ammar (أبو عمّار), was Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (1969–2004); President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Marwan Barghouti in Israeli custody Marwan Barghouti (born June 6, 1959) is a Palestinian leader from the West Bank and a leader of the Fatah movement that forms the backbone of the Palestinian Authority and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Ismail Haniya (more frequently Haniyeh) (born 1963) (Arabic: إسماعيل هنية) is the Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Mohammad Amin al-Husayni Mohammad Amin al-Husayni (ca. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Khaled Mashal, also known as Khaled Mashaal (Arabic: خالد مشعل) (b. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... Hafez al-Assad (Arabic: ‎) (October 6, 1930 – June 10, 2000) was the president of Syria from 1971 to 2000. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... President Bashar al-Assad Bashar al-Assad (Arabic: ‎) (born September 11, 1965) is the current President of Syria (The Syrian Arab Republic), Regional Secretary of the Baath Party and the son of former President Hafez al-Assad. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Uganda. ... Idi Amin on a ten-shilling note Idi Amin (c. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... The Right Honourable Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour, KG, OM, (25 July 1848 – 19 March 1930) was a British statesman and the thirty-third Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Ernest Bevin (9 March 1881 - 14 April 1951), British labour leader, politician, and statesman, was born in a small village in Somerset, England. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... Madeleine Korbel Albright (born Marie Jana Korbelová on May 15, 1937) served as the 64th United States Secretary of State. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is an American businessman and politician, was elected in 2000 as the 43rd President of the United States of America, re-elected in 2004, and is currently serving his second term in that office. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... Henry Alfred Kissinger (born Heinz Alfred Kissinger on May 27, 1923) is a German-born American diplomat, Nobel laureate and statesman. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... Dennis Ross served as special Middle East envoy and negotiator for Democratic and Republicans US Administrations, first under George H.W. Bush and then under Bill Clinton during both terms. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... Cyrus Roberts Vance (March 27, 1917–January 12, 2002), was the United States Secretary of State under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1980. ... This article describes violent events in the Old City of Jerusalem from April 4-7, 1920. ... On May 1, 1921, a scuffle began in Tel Aviv-Jaffa between rival groups of Jewish Bolsheviks, carrying Yiddish banners demanding Soviet Palestine, and Socialists parading on May Day. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Great Uprising, Great Revolt, or Great Arab Revolt was an uprising by Palestinian Arabs in the British Mandate of Palestine which lasted from 1936 to 1939. ... The 1948 Arab-Israeli War is referred to as the War of Independence (Hebrew: מלחמת העצמאות) or as the War of Liberation (Hebrew: מלחמת השחרור) by Israelis. ... The Qibya (also spelt Kibya, Qibieh or Qibye) Massacre (also known as Qibya Raid or Qibya Operation was carried out in October 1953 by Israeli troops in a West Bank village. ... Combatants United Kingdom, Israel, France Egypt Commanders Moshe Dayan (CoS of the IDF) General Sir Charles Keightley (C-in-C), Vice-Admiral Pierre Barjot (Deputy) Gamal Abdel Nasser Strength 45,000 British, 34,000 French, 175,000 Israeli 300,000 Egyptians Casualties 177 Israelis KIA, unknown number WIA, 16 British... Combatants Israel Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq Commanders Yitzhak Rabin, Moshe Dayan, Uzi Narkiss, Israel Tal, Ariel Sharon Abdel Hakim Amer, Abdul Munim Riad, Zaid ibn Shaker, Hafez al-Assad Strength 50,000 troops (264,000 including mobilized reservists); 197 combat aircraft Egypt 150,000 troops; Syria 75,000; Jordan 55... The War of Attrition was a limited war fought between Egypt and Israel from 1968 to 1970. ... One of the Black September terrorists on the balcony of the Israeli team quarters at the Olympic village The Munich assassination occurred during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany, when members of the Israeli Olympic team were taken hostage by the Palestinian terrorist organization Black September, a group with... Operation Wrath of God also called Operation Bayonet was a covert operation directed by Israel and the Mossad to eliminate the terrorists who perpetrated the Munich Massacre. ... Operation Spring of Youth took place on the night of April 9 and early morning of April 10, 1973. ... Combatants Israel Egypt, Syria, (Jordan, Iraq) Commanders Moshe Dayan, David Elazar, Ariel Sharon, Shmuel Gonen, Benjamin Peled Saad El Shazly, Ahmad Ismail Ali, Hosni Mubarak, Mohammed Aly Fahmy, Anwar Sadat, Abdel Ghani el-Gammasy, Abdul Munim Wassel, Abd-Al-Minaam Khaleel, Abu Zikry Mustafa Tlas[2], [3] Strength 415,000... For the civil conflict of 1958, see Lebanon crisis of 1958. ... Operation Entebbe took place on the night of July 3 and early morning of July 4, 1976. ... Operation Litani was the official name of the Israel Defense Forces 1978 invasion of Lebanon up to the Litani river. ... Protestors take to the street in support of Ayatollah Khomeini. ... Combatants Israel Iraq Strength 8 F-16A fighters 6 F-15A fighters Unknown numbers of radar and Anti-aircraft artillery Casualties None 10 Iraqi soldiers and 1 French researcher killed Operation Opera (sometimes referred to as Operation Babylon or Operation Ofra) was an Israeli air strike against the Iraqi Osirak... Combatants Israel Amal Hezbollah PLO Commanders Menachem Begin Ayatollah Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah Imad Mughniyah Yasser Arafat Strength 76,000 15,000 Casualties 675 9,800 The Lebanon War (Hebrew: , Milkhemet Levanon), also known as the Operation Peace of the Galilee (מבצע שלום הגליל, Mivtsa Shlom HaGalil in Hebrew), began June 6, 1982, when... Combatants Hezbollah Israel South Lebanon Army Casualties unknown unknown The South Lebanon conflict was the guerrilla campaign which Hezbollah was waging against occupying Israeli forces in South Lebanon between 1982 and 2000. ... Operation Wooden Leg was the October 1, 1985 Israeli Air Force raid on the Palestinian Liberation Organizations headquarters in Tunis, Tunisia. ... Intifada A poster from 1990 The First Intifada refers to a series of violent incidents between Palestinians and Israelis between 1987 and approximately 1993, when the Oslo accords were signed and the Palestinian National Authority was established. ... Combatants UN Coalition Republic of Iraq Commanders Norman Schwarzkopf, Sir Patrick Hine, Michel Roquejeoffre Saddam Hussein, Ali Hassan al-Majid, Hussein Kamel Strength 660,000 545,000 Casualties 345 dead, 1,000 wounded 25,000 - 100,000 dead, 100,000 - 300,000 wounded The 1991 Gulf War (also called the... In July 1993, Israeli Forces launched a massive attack against Lebanon named Operation Accountability in Israel and Seven-Day War in Lebanon, in an attempt to displace the Lebanese and Palestinian refugee population, in order to pressure the Lebanese government and population to withdraw support for Hezbollah[1]. Israeli artillery... Combatants Israel, South Lebanon Army Hezbollah Operation Grapes of Wrath is the Israeli Defense Forces code-name for a sixteen-day military blitz against Lebanon in an attempt to end shelling of Northern Israel by Hezbollah. ... The wreckage of a commuter bus in West Jerusalem after a suicide bombing on Tuesday, 18 June 2002. ... Operation Defensive Shield (In Hebrew, מבצע חומת מגן) was a large-scale military operation conducted by the Israeli Defence Forces in April 2002. ... Operation Rainbow (In Hebrew, מבצע קשת בענן) is a controversial military operation which began on May 18, 2004 in the Gaza Strip. ... Combatants Israel Defense Forces Hamas Casualties 5 killed (3 Of them civilians) 104 - 133 killed (42 of them civilians) Operation Days of Penitence (In Hebrew, מבצע ימי תשובה) was the name used by Israel to describe an Israel Defense Forces operation in the northern Gaza Strip, conducted between September 30, 2004 and October... It has been suggested that 2006 Israel-Hamas crisis be merged into this article or section. ... Combatants Hezbollah Israel Lebanon Commanders Hassan Nasrallah (Secretary General) Dan Halutz (CoS) Udi Adam (Regional) Amir Peretz (Defense Minister) Michel Sulaiman Elias Murr (Defense Minister) Casualties Militants: At least 3 killed[1][2] Civilians: 16 killed[3] 338 injured Soldiers: 14 killed[1] 18 wounded 2 captured[4] (Israeli media... The Balfour Declaration was a letter dated November 2, 1917, from British Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour, to Lord Rothschild (Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild), a leader of the British Jewish community, for transmission to the Zionist Federation, a private Zionist organization. ... The Faisal-Weizmann Agreement was signed on January 3, 1919, by Emir Faisal (son of the King of Hejaz) and Chaim Weizmann (later President of the World Zionist Organization) as part of the Paris Peace Conference, 1919 settling disputes stemming from World War I. It was a short-lived agreement... The Churchill White Paper of 3 June 1922 clarified how Britain viewed the Balfour Declaration, 1917. ... The White Paper of 1939, also known as the MacDonald White Paper after Malcolm MacDonald, the British Colonial Secretary who presided over it, was a policy paper issued by the British government under Neville Chamberlain in which the idea of partitioning the British Mandate of Palestine was abandoned in favour... On 29 November 1947 the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine or United Nations General Assembly Resolution 181, a plan to resolve the Arab-Jewish conflict in the British Mandate of Palestine, was approved by the United Nations General Assembly, at the UN World Headquarters in New York. ... Image:Declarintion of State of Israel 1948. ... The 1949 Armistice Agreements are a set of agreements signed during 1949 between Israel and its neighbors Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. ... The Palestinian National Covenant or Palestinian National Charter (Arabic: al-Mithaq al-Watani al-Filastini) is the charter or constitution of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). ... The Khartoum Resolution of September 1, 1967 was issued at the conclusion of a meeting between the leaders of eight Arab countries in the wake of the Six-Day War. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 (S/RES/242) was adopted unanimously by the UN Security Council on November 22, 1967 in the aftermath of the Six Day War. ... The three-line United Nations Security Council Resolution 338 (S/RES/338), approved on October 22, 1973, called for a cease fire in the Yom Kipur War in accordance with a joint proposal by the United States and the Soviet Union. ... On March 19, 1978, five days after the Israeli invasion of Lebanon, United Nations Security Council Resolution 425 was adopted, calling on Israel to immediately withdraw its forces from Lebanon and establishing the United Nations Interim Forces In Lebanon (UNIFIL). ... Celebrating the signing of the Camp David Accords (1978): Menachem Begin, Jimmy Carter, Anwar Sadat The two agreements were signed at the White House, and were witnessed by United States President Jimmy Carter. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 446 concerned the issue of Israeli settlements in the Arab territories occupied by Israel since 1967, including Jerusalem. This refers to the Palestinian territories of the West Bank including East Jerusalem, Gaza Strip and the Golan Heights. ... The Israel-Egypt peace treaty (Arabic: معاهدة السلام المصرية الإسرائيلية; transliterated: Muahadat as-Salam al-Masriyah al-Israyliyah) (Hebrew: הסכם שלום ישראל-מצרים; transliterated: Heskem Shalom Yisrael-Mizraim) was signed in Washington, DC, United States, on March 26, 1979, following the Camp David Accords (1978). ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 452 was on the issue of the Israeli settlements in the Palestinian territories of East Jerusalem, the West Bank, Gaza Strip and the Syrian Golan Heights. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 497 calls on Israel to rescind its annexation of the Golan Heights. ... The Madrid Conference was hosted by the government of Spain and co-sponsored by the USA and the USSR. It convened on October 30, 1991 and lasted for three days. ... The Oslo Accords, officially called the Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements or Declaration of Principles (DOP), were finalized in Oslo, Norway on August 20, 1993, and subsequently officially signed at a public ceremony in Washington D.C. on September 13, 1993, with Mahmoud Abbas signing for the... The Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace, or Israel-Jordan peace treaty is a peace treaty signed between the State of Israel and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in 1994. ... The Wye River Memorandum was a political agreement negotiated to implement the earlier Interim Agreement of 28 September, 1995 brokered by the United States between Israel and the Palestine Authority completed on October 23, 1998. ... The Middle East Peace Summit at Camp David of July 2000 took place between United States President Bill Clinton, Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak, and Palestinian Authority Chairman Yasser Arafat. ... The Taba summit (or: Taba Summit; Taba Talks; Taba Conference; Taba), also known as the permanent status talks at Taba between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, held from January 21 to January 27, 2001 at Taba in the Sinai peninsula, were peace talks aimed at reaching the final status negotiations... The Arab Peace Initiative was floated by acting Saudi regent Crown Prince Abdullah as a potential solution to both the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the Arab-Israeli conflict. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 1583 calls on Lebanon to assert full control over its border with Israel (See: Hezbollah). ... The Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005 took place on February 8, (2005), when four Middle Eastern leaders gathered at Sharm el-Sheikh, a town at the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula, in order to declare their wish to work towards the end of the four-year Al-Aqsa... A map illustrating the four phases of the Gaza disengagement plan. ... It has been suggested that National Conciliation Document of the Prisoners be merged into this article or section. ...