NationMaster - Encyclopedia: 1971 Plaza Miranda bombing

The 1971 Plaza Miranda bombing occurred during a political campaign rally of the Liberal Party at Plaza Miranda in the district of Quiapo, Manila in the Philippines on August 21, 1971.^[1] It caused the deaths of nine and injured 95 others.^[2] Quiapo is a well known part of old Manila and a place which offers cheap prices on items ranging from electronics to magic amulets. ... â€œElectioneeringâ€ redirects here. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about explosive devices. ... Grenade redirects here. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... â€œElectioneeringâ€ redirects here. ... The Liberal Party (Filipino: Partido Liberal) is a liberal party in the Philippines, founded in 1945 by a breakaway from the Nacionalista Party. ... Quiapo is a well known part of old Manila and a place which offers cheap prices on items ranging from electronics to magic amulets. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. ...

The bombing

The Liberal Party's campaign rally was held to proclaim the candidacies of eight Senatorial bets as well as the candidate for the Mayoralty race in Manila. As a crowd of about 4,000 gathered to hear speeches, two hand grenades were reportedly tossed on- stage.^[3] Among those killed instantly were a 5-year-old child and The Manila Times photographer Ben Roxas. Almost everyone on stage was injured, including incumbent Senator Jovito Salonga, Liberal Party president Gerardo Roxas and Sergio Osmeña, Jr., son of former President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, Sergio Osmeña. Grenade redirects here. ... The Manila Times is the oldest English language newspaper in the Philippines that is still published. ... Jovito R. Salonga also known as Ka Jovy Born poor in a remote barrio in Pasig, Rizal on June 22, 1920. ... Anthem Lupang Hinirang Location of the Philippines in Asia Capital Manila Â¹ Language(s) Pilipino, English, Spanish Government Republic President - 1935-1944 Manuel L. Quezon - 1944-1946 Sergio OsmeÃ±a - 1946 Manuel Roxas Vice President - 1935-1944 Sergio OsmeÃ±a - 1946 Elpidio Quirino Historical era American colonization - Philippine Independence Act March... Sergio OsmeÃ±a (September 9, 1878 â€“ October 19, 1961) was the second President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines. ...

Aftermath

Culpability

Suspicion of responsibility for the blast initially fell upon incumbent President Ferdinand Marcos, whom the Liberals blamed for the bombing; however, in later years, prominent personalities associated with the event have laid the blame on the Communist Party of the Philippines under José María Sison.^[4] Jovito Salonga, in his autobiography, states his belief that Sison and the CPP were responsible.^[5] Former New People's Army commander, now Armed Forces of the Philippines Major General Victor Corpus has also made statements revealing that Sison ordered the bombing of the political rally.^[6] Ferdinand Emmanuel EdralÃn Marcos (September 11, 1917 â€“ September 28, 1989) was President of the Philippines from 1966 to 1986. ... The New Peoples Army, or NPA, is a communist-based revolutionary group in the Philippines, formed in December 1969. ... JosÃ© MarÃa Sison (born February 8, 1939 in Cabugao, Ilocos Sur, Philippines) is a writer and activist who reorganized the Communist Party of the Philippines by combining elements of Maoism. ... Cover of the first English edition of 1793 of Benjamin Franklins autobiography. ... The New Peoples Army (NPA), is a paramilitary group fighting for communist revolution in the Philippines. ... Seal of the Philippine Army Seal of the Philippine Navy Seal of the Philippine Air Force Seal of the Philippine Marine Corps The Armed Forces of the Philippines or AFP (Filipino: Sandatahang Lakas ng Pilipinas) originated in the establishment of the Philippine Scouts in 1901. ...

José María Sison continues to deny these claims,^[7] and the CPP has never released any official confirmation of their culpability in the incident.^[8]

Marcos, for his part, also blamed the communists; citing a communist plot to destabilize the government, he took the opportunity to seize emergency powers. He suspended the writ of habeas corpus^[9] — a prelude to declaring Martial Law. For other uses, see State of emergency (disambiguation). ... In common law jurisdictions, habeas corpus, or more precisely habeas corpus ad subjiciendum, is a prerogative writ which requires the addressee to produce in court a person in its custody and justify his or her imprisonment. ... This article covers the history of the Philippines during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos. ...

Injuries

Jovito Salonga was among those most seriously injured. The blast left him blind in one eye and deaf in one ear. Small pieces of shrapnel are still lodged in his body. Ramon Bagatsing, the Liberal Party mayoralty candidate for Manila, lost his leg.^[10] It has been suggested that Fragmentation (weaponry) be merged into this article or section. ...

Bearing on the election

In a setback for Marcos' ruling Nacionalista Party, the Liberals took six of the eight contested Senate seats, as well as the Manila mayoralty.^[10] The Nacionalista Party logo with party motto, Ang Bayan Higit sa Lahat (Nation, Above All). ...

Commemoration

On August 21, 2002, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo unveiled a commemorative marker in Plaza Miranda in honor of the nine innocent civilians killed in the blast.^[11] is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (born April 5, 1947), also known by her initials G.M.A., is the 14th and current president of the Republic of the Philippines. ...

See also

This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Jovito R. Salonga also known as Ka Jovy Born poor in a remote barrio in Pasig, Rizal on June 22, 1920. ...

References

^ Partido Liberal Pilipinas: Timeline. Retrieved on 2007-10-27.
^ Locsin, Jr., Teodoro. Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. Man of the Year, 1971. Retrieved on 2007-10-27.
^ Death in the Plaza Miranda. Retrieved on 2007-10-27.
^ Doronila, Amando. "Politics of violence", Inquirer.net, 2007-08-24. Retrieved on 2007-10-27.
^ Dizon, David. "Salonga's Journey", ABS-CBNNews.com, 2002-11-19. Retrieved on 2007-10-27.
^ Soliven, Max. "Revolution by Assassination?", Philippine Daily Star, 2004-02-12. Retrieved on 2007-10-27.
^ Distor, Emere. The Left and Democratisation in the Philippines. Retrieved on 2007-10-27.
^ Nemenzo, Gemma. Note from the Underground. Retrieved on 2007-10-27.
^ Simafrania, Eduardo D.. "[http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2006/aug/21/yehey/opinion/20060821opi6.html Commemorating Ninoy Aquino’s assassination]", The Manila Times, 2006-08-21. Retrieved on 2007-10-27.
^ ^a ^b "Binding Up the Wounds", Time Magazine, 1971-11-22. Retrieved on 2007-10-28.
^ GMA joins people in commemorating Plaza Miranda bombing. Retrieved on 2007-10-27.

Categories: 1971 in the Philippines | History of the Philippines | Political parties in the Philippines Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 236th day of the year (237th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Manila Times is the oldest English language newspaper in the Philippines that is still published. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. ... is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

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