The relative volume of railtransportation is a little over half of what it was twenty years ago, water transportation has increased from one-third to half of overall freight turnover, and road transportation has become a significant component of the overall freight transportation infrastructure.
Rail and water are the dominant modes for long distance transport (289 km and 1551 km average trip distances, respectively) while highway transportation is limited to local movement (50 km average trip distance) (CDP, 1996).
However, transportation is a major component of the rapid growth in demand for petroleum, with growing significant economic and security issues for China as it moves towards a new role in world energy markets as a significant oil importer.
Efficient transport systems are a necessity for economic development and social welfare and also reduce th e scope for an adverse impact on the environment.
Transport users and transport providers are well aware of their fundamental economic role and their social responsibilities regarding safety, labour conditions, the environment, energy efficiency and, consequently, sustainable development.
Commercial transport users and transport providers recognize that there is a common goal, not a conflict, between the development of transport and environmental protection, both now and for future generations.
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