The Manchester City Centre bombing was a terrorist attack in Manchester, England by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA). Terror attack in Jerusalem The word terrorism is controversial, with no universally agreed definition. ... Manchester is a city in the North West of England. ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location within the UK Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population - Total (mid-2004) - Density Ranked 1st UK 50. ... The Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA; more commonly referred to as the IRA, the Provos, or by some of its supporters as the army or the Ra) is an Irish republican paramilitary organisation. ...

It occurred at 11:20 a.m. on Saturday 15 June 1996, when the IRA detonated a bomb containing 1500kg (3300 lb) of explosives. The bomb was located in a Ford van parked two hours earlier in Corporation Street, between the Arndale Centre and the city's Marks and Spencer store, right in the heart of the city's shopping area. This was the largest IRA bomb ever detonated in Great Britain. Although warnings received in the previous hour had allowed the evacuation of the area, 206 people were recorded by the ambulance service as having been injured. Most windows in nearby buildings were blown out, and falling glass caused the majority of the injuries. The blast was audible over 8 miles (13 km) away. June 15 is the 166th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (167th in leap years), with 199 days remaining. ... 1996 is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... The main nick name of these taig bastards is Coward Scum and wish they were half as good as S/Londonderry UVF IRA is an acronym with several different meanings. ... Massive ordinance air-burst bomb. ... Major shopping centre in Manchester, England, in continual redevelopment since the 1996 IRA bombing of city centre. ... Marks and Spencer plc (known also as M&S and sometimes colloquially as Marks and Sparks) is the largest retailer in the United Kingdom by sales. ... Emergency evacuation - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...

Several buildings close to the epicentre of the explosion had to be demolished, and many more were closed for months afterwards to allow structural repairs. Overall, 50,000 square metres of retail space and 25,000 square metres of office space had to be reconstructed. Since then, the city centre has undergone extensive rejuvenation, along with the more general efforts to regenerate previously degenerated areas of the wider city, such as Hulme and Salford. While the bulk of the city centre rebuilding work was complete by 2000, further redevelopment of affected buildings (notably the northern corner of the Arndale Centre) did not complete until 2005. The epicenter or epicentre (ancient Greek: επίκεντρον) is the point on the Earths surface that is directly above or below the center of a localized explosive event or point of seismic energy release. ... Hulme today is a suburb of the city of Manchester in England but it was not always so. ... Salford is the main town of the City of Salford, Greater Manchester, England. ...

Some have claimed the event turned out to be positive for the city, as many of the buildings demolished or extensively rebuilt were regarded as eyesores, and the resulting redevelopment of the surrounding area has generated millions of pounds of investment. Others point out that this argument is an example of the broken window fallacy, although there is general agreement among Mancunians that the city centre now is greatly improved over its prior condition; the 'broken window' idea does not adequately model redevelopment as opposed to direct repair. Urban renewal (also called urban regeneration in British English) is a movement in urban planning that reached its peak in the United States from the late 1940s through the early 1970s. ... The parable of the broken window was created by Frederic Bastiat in his 1850 essay That Which is Seen and That Which is Not Seen to illuminate the notion of hidden costs ( opportunity costs). ...

A pillar box that survived the blast, despite being only yards from the centre of the explosion, now carries a small brass plaque recording the bombing. Modern double pillar box, Menai Bridge In the UK and the British Commonwealth, a pillar box is a free-standing box where post is deposited to be collected by the Royal Mail and forwarded to the adressee. ...

External links

• BBC report of the bombing
• The Manchester Bombing A further report of the bombing.