The Izmit earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4 which lasted for 45 seconds killed over 17,000 in northwestern Turkey on 17 August 1999. Ä°zmit (also known as Kocaeli; previously known as Ismid or Isnikmid) is a city in the northwestern part of Anatolia, Turkey. ... An earthquake is a phenomenon that results from and is powered by the sudden release of stored energy that radiates seismic waves. ... Richter magnitude test scale (or more correctly local magnitude ML scale) assigns a single number to quantify the size of an earthquake. ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...

The earthquake had a rupture length of 150 kilometers (93 miles) from the city of Düzce to all the way into the Sea of Marmara along the Gulf of İzmit. Movement along the rupture was as large as 5.7 meters (18.7 ft). (Reilinger, et al., 2000) Düzce is the capital city of Düzce Province in Turkey. ... Map of the Sea of Marmara Satellite view of the Sea of Marmara The Sea of Marmara (Turkish: Marmara Denizi, Modern Greek: Θάλασσα του Μαρμαρά or Προποντίδα) (also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea) is an inland sea that connects the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea, thus separating the...

This earthquake occurred in the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ). The Anatolian Plate which consists primarily of Turkey is being pushed west about 2-2.5 cm/yr (0.8-1.0 in), as it is squeezed between the Eurasian Plate on the north, and both the African Plate and the Arabian Plate on the south. Most of the large earthquakes result as slip occurs along the NAFZ or Eastern Anatolian Fault. An earthquake is a phenomenon that results from and is powered by the sudden release of stored energy that radiates seismic waves. ... The North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) is a 1600 km long geologic fault between the northern edge of the Anatolian Plate and the Eurasian Plate in northern Turkey. ... The Anatolian Plate is a continential tectonic plate consisting primarily of the country of Turkey. ...  The Eurasian plate, shown in green The Eurasian Plate is a tectonic plate covering Eurasia (a landmass consisting of the continents Europe and Asia) except that it does not cover the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian subcontinent, and the area east of the Verkhoyansk Range in East Siberia. ...  The African plate, shown in pinkish-orange The African Plate is a tectonic plate covering the continent of Africa and extending westward to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. ... The Arabian plate is shown in bright yellow on this map The Arabian Plate is a continental tectonic plate covering the Arabian peninsula and extending northward to Turkey. ...

The official number of casualties is about 17,000 although real numbers are thought to be above 35,000. The rupture passed through major cities that are among the most industrialized and urban areas of the country, including oil refineries, several car companies and navy headquarters and arsenal in Golcuk thus increasing the severity of the life and property loss. View of Shell Oil Refinery in Martinez, California. ... CAR is a three letter-acronym, that may stand for: Canadian Airborne Regiment Canadian Aviation Regulations Canonical anticommutation relation Caribou Municipal Airport (IATA airport code CAR) in Caribou, Maine, United States Center Axis Relock, a new shooting technique developed by Paul Castle Central African Republic Computer-assisted reporting Cordillera Administrative... The multinational Combined Task Force One Five Zero (CTF-150) The British Grand Fleet, the supreme naval force of WW1 A rare occurrence of a 5-country multinational fleet, during Operation Enduring Freedom in the Oman Sea. ...

This quake was predicted using the new discovery Earthquake storms. An earthquake storm is a recently proposed theory about earthquakes where an earthquake can trigger a series of other large earthquakes within the same tectonic plate as the stress transfers along the fault. ...

References

• Reilinger RE, Ergintav S, Burgmann R, McClusky S, Lenk O, Sergel P, Barka A, Gurkan O, Hearn L, Feigl KL, Cakmak R, Aktug B, Ozener H, Toksoz MN (2000). "Coseismic and Postseismic Fault Slip for the 17 August 1999, M = 7.5, Izmit, Turkey Earthquake". Science 289 (5484): 1519-1524. PMID 10968782
• Okay OS, Tolun L, Telli-Karakoc F, Tufekci V, Tufekci H, Morkoc E (2001). "Izmit Bay (Turkey) ecosystem after Marmara earthquake and subsequent refinery fire: the long-term data". Marine Pollution Bulletin 42 (5): 361-9. PMID 11436816
• Tural U, Coskun B, Onder E, Corapcioglu A, Yildiz M, Kesepara C, Karakaya I, Aydin M, Erol A, Torun F, Aybar G (2004). "Psychological consequences of the 1999 earthquake in Turkey". Journal of Traumatic Stress 17 (6): 451-9. PMID 15730063