The 22nd United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13.2% over the 248,709,873 persons enumerated during the 1990 Census. This was the twenty second federal census and the largest single civil administrative peacetime effort in the history of the United States. 1880 US Census of Hoboken, New Jersey The United States Census is mandated by the United States Constitution. ... The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... suvodip ... The Twenty-first United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 248,709,873, an increase of 9. ...

The U.S. resident population includes the total number of people in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The Bureau also enumerated the residents of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; its population was 3,808,610, an 8.1% increase over the number from a decade earlier. Nickname: the District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Official website: http://www. ... A Free Association is an association which meets certain mostly negative criteria. ...

Population profile

See also Race (United States Census).

In an introduction to a more detailed population profile (see references below), the Census Bureau highlighted the following facts about U.S population dynamics: The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ...

• 75.1% of respondents said they were White and no other race;
• 12.3% are of Black or African-American descent;
• Hispanics - who may belong to any race - accounted for 12.5% of the U.S. population, up from 9% in 1990;
• 3.6% of respondents are Asian;
• Between 1990 and 2000, the population aged 45 to 54 grew by 49% and those aged 85 and older grew 38%;
• Women outnumber men two to one among those aged 85 and older;
• Almost one in five adults had some type of disability in 1997 and the likelihood of having a disability increased with age;
• Families (as opposed to men or women living alone) still dominate American households, but less so than they did thirty years ago;
• Since 1993, both families and nonfamilies have seen median household incomes rise, with "households headed by a woman without a spouse present" growing the fastest;
• People in married-couple families have the lowest poverty rates;
• The poor of any age are more likely than others to lack health insurance coverage;
• The number of elementary and high school students in 2000 fell just short of the all-time high of 49 million reached in 1970;
• Improvements in educational attainment cross racial and ethnic lines; and
• The majority (51%) of U.S. households have access to computers; 41% have Internet access.

The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... Hispanic, as used in the United States, is one of several terms used to categorize US citizens, permanent residents and temporary immigrants, whose background hail either from the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America or relating to a Spanish-speaking culture. ... Americans with disabilities comprise one of the largest minority groups in the United States. ... There is significant disagreement about poverty in the United States; particularly over how poverty ought to be defined. ... Health insurance is a type of insurance whereby the insurer pays the medical costs of the insured if the insured becomes sick due to covered causes, or due to accidents. ... Primary or elementary education consist of the first years of formal, structured education that occurs during childhood. ... Secondary education - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... TRS-80 Color Computer II The home computer is a consumer-friendly word for the second generation of microcomputers (the technical term that was previously used), entering the market in 1977 and becoming common during the 1980s. ... The Internet, or simply the Net, is the publicly accessible worldwide system of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using a standardized Internet Protocol (IP). ...

Population breakdown

The most-populous state in the country was California (33,871,648); the least populous was Wyoming (493,782). The state that gained the most numerically since the 1990 census was California, up 4,111,627. Nevada had the highest percentage growth in population, climbing 66.3% (796,424 people) since 1990. Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  - Total   - Width   - Length   - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 3rd 158,302 sq mi  410,000 km² 250 miles  402. ... Official language(s) English Capital Cheyenne Largest city Cheyenne Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 10th 253,554 km² 450 km 580 km 0. ... Official language(s) None Capital Carson City Largest city Las Vegas Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 7th 286,367 km² 519 km 788 km 0. ...

Changes in population

Regionally, the South and West picked up the bulk of the nation's population increase, 14,790,890 and 10,411,850, respectively. This meant that the mean center of U.S. population moved to Phelps County, Missouri. The Northeast grew by 2,785,149; the Midwest, by 4,724,144. The U.S. Southern states or the South, also known colloquially as Dixie, constitute a distinctive region covering a large portion of the United States, with its own unique heritage, historical perspective, customs, musical styles, and cuisine. ... This article deals with the western United States. ... The mean center of U.S. population is determined by the United States Census Bureau after tabulating the results of each census. ... Phelps County is a county located in the state of Missouri, and according to the U.S. Census Bureau it includes the mean center of U.S. population in 2000. ... The U.S. Northeast is a region of the United States of America defined by the US Census Bureau. ... The Midwest is a common name for a region of the United States of America. ...

File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

Languages spoken at home

The Modern Language Association provides a website with overviews and detailed data about the locations and numbers of speakers of thirty languages and seven groups of less commonly spoken languages in the United States. Languages other than English are spoken at home by 46,951,595 respondents or 17.88% of people who are at least five years old. Below are the top languages spoken at home. Percentage is with respect to the number of people reported language other than English. Languages that contribute over 1% are listed. The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, Fifth Edition The Modern Language Association of America (MLA) is the principal professional association in the United States for scholars of literature and literary criticism. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

1. Spanish or Spanish Creole (59.85%)
2. French or French Creole (4.47%)
3. Chinese (4.31%)
4. German (2.95%)
5. Tagalog (2.61%)
6. Vietnamese (2.15%)
7. Italian (2.15%)
8. Korean (1.90%)
9. Russian (1.50%)
10. Polish (1.42%)
11. Arabic (1.31%)
12. Portuguese or Portuguese Creole (1.20%)
13. Japanese (1.02%)

(Note that our ranking differs from the MLA website because we combine French and French Creole.) A number of Creole languages are based on the Spanish language. ... A French creole, more properly French-based creole language, is a creole language with substantial influence from the French language. ... Tagalog (pronunciation: ) is one of the major languages of the Republic of the Philippines. ... The Arabic language (Arabic: ‎ translit: ), or simply Arabic (Arabic: ‎ translit: ), is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ... Portuguese creoles are creole languages which have been significantly influenced by Portuguese. ...

Reapportionment

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The results of the census are used to determine how many congressional districts each state is apportioned. Congress defines the formula, in accordance with Title 2 of the U.S. Code, to reapportion among the states the 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives. The apportionment population consists of the resident population of the fifty states, plus the overseas military and federal civilian employees and their dependents living with them who could be allocated to a state. Each member of the House represents a population of about 647,000. The populations of the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico are excluded from the apportionment population because they do not have voting seats in the U. S. House of Representatives. U.S. Congressional districts are determined after each census. ... Apportionment, or reapportionment, is the process of determining representation in politics within a legislative body by creating constituencies. ... The chamber of the United States House of Representatives is located in the south wing of the Capitol building, in Washington, D.C.. This photograph shows a rare glimpse of the four vote tallying boards (the blackish squares across the top), which display each members name and vote as...

Since 1790 Census, the first census, the decennial count has been the basis for the United States representative form of government. Article I, Section II specifies that "The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative." In 1790, each member of the House represented about 34,000 residents. Since then, the House more than quadrupled in size, and in 1911 the number of representatives was fixed at 435. Today, each member represents about 19 times as many constituents. ...

Adjustment Controversy

In the years leading up to the 2000 census, there was substantial controversy over whether the Bureau should adjust census figures based on a follow-up survey, called the post-enumeration survey, of a sample of blocks. (Federal law prohibited the use of such figures for apportionment purposes, but required it for other purposes where feasible.) The controversy was partly technical, but also partly political, since based on data from the 1990 census both parties believed that adjustment would likely have the effect, after redistricting, of slightly increasing Democratic representation in legislative bodies. (See here and here for background.)

Following the census, discrepancies between the adjusted census figures and demographic estimates of population change could not be resolved in time to meet legal deadlines for the provision of redistricting data, and the Census Bureau therefore recommended that the unadjusted results be used for this purpose. This recommendation was followed by the Secretary of Commerce (the official in charge of making the determination).

See also

• Race (United States Census)

The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ...

External links and references

• Constitution Article I Section II re Enumeration and Apportionment

United States Census Bureau web pages

• Census 2000 gateway
• Population Profile of the United States: 2000
• Population Profile Introductory slide show, in MS Powerpoint format
• State and County QuickFacts, the most requested information
• American FactFinder, for population, housing, economic, and geographic data

Powerpoint redirects here. ...

Other 2000 census websites

• MLA Language Map from the Modern Language Association
• How the Census Works via Howstuffworks.com

United States Censuses

1790 1800 | 1810 | 1820 | 1830 | 1840 | 1850 | 1860 | 1870 | 1880 | 1890 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 2000 | 2010 The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, Fifth Edition The Modern Language Association of America (MLA) is the principal professional association in the United States for scholars of literature and literary criticism. ... The U.S. Census is mandated by the United States Constitution. ... From http://www. ... The Sixth Census of the United States, conducted by the Bureau of the Census, determined the resident population of the United States to be 17,069,453 — an increase of 32. ... The Seventh Census of the United States, conducted by the Bureau of the Census, determined the resident population of the United States to be 23,191,876 — an increase of 35. ... The Eleventh United States Census was taken June 1, 1890. ... The Twetieth United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 226,542,199, an increase of 11. ... The Twenty-first United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 248,709,873, an increase of 9. ... The Twenty-third United States Census will be the next national census in the United States. ...