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The Twenty-Second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13.2% over the 248,709,873 persons enumerated during the 1990 Census. This was the twenty-second federal census and the largest single civil administrative peacetime effort in the history of the United States. Image File history File links USA_Census_2000_logo. ... Image File history File links USA_Census_2000_logo. ... 1880 US Census of Hoboken, New Jersey The United States Census is mandated by the United States Constitution[1]. The population is enumerated every 10 years and the results are used to allocate Congressional seats (congressional apportionment), electoral votes, and government program funding. ... The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title ) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... In mathematics and theoretical computer science, an enumeration of a set is a procedure for listing all members of the set in some definite sequence. ... The Twenty-first United States Census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 248,709,873, an increase of 9. ...

The U.S. resident population includes the total number of people in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The Bureau also enumerated the residents of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; its population was 3,808,610, an 8.1% increase over the number from a decade earlier. Nickname: DC, The District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Location of Washington, D.C., in relation to the states Maryland and Virginia Coordinates: Federal District District of Columbia  - Mayor Adrian M. Fenty (D)  - City Council Chairperson: Vincent C. Gray (D) Ward 1: Jim Graham (D) Ward 2: Jack Evans... A Free Association is an association which meets certain mostly negative criteria. ...

Population profile

See also Race (United States Census).

In an introduction to a more detailed population profile (see references below), the Census Bureau highlighted the following facts about U.S population dynamics: Race, as defined by the United States Census Bureau and the Federal Office of Management and Budget (OMB), is a self-identification data item in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify. ...

• 75.1% of respondents said they were White and no other race;
• 12.3% are of Black or African-American descent;
• Hispanics - who may belong to any race - accounted for 12.5% of the U.S. population, up from 9% in 1990;
• 3.6% of respondents are Asian;
• 2.4% of respondents are multiracial (2 or more races). The 2000 Census was the first time survey options for multiracial Americans were provided.
• Between 1990 and 2000, the population aged 45 to 54 grew by 49% and those aged 85 and older grew 38%;
• Women outnumber men two to one amongst those aged 85 and older;
• Almost one in five adults had some type of disability in 1997 and the likelihood of having a disability increased with age;
• Families (as opposed to men or women living alone) still dominate American households, but less so than they did thirty years ago;
• Since 1993, both families and nonfamilies have seen median household incomes rise, with "households headed by a woman without a spouse present" growing the fastest;
• People in married-couple families have the lowest poverty rates;
• The poor of any age are more likely than others to lack health insurance coverage;
• The number of elementary and high school students in 2000 fell just short of the all-time high of 49 million reached in 1970;
• Improvements in educational attainment cross racial and ethnic lines; and
• The majority (52%) of U.S. households have access to computers; 41% have Internet access.

The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... An African American (also Afro-American or Black American) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... Hispanic, as used in the United States, is one of several terms used to categorize US citizens, permanent residents and temporary immigrants, whose background hail either from the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America or relating to a Spanish-speaking culture. ... The terms multiracial, biracial, and mixed-race describe people whose ancestors are not of a single race. ... Americans with disabilities comprise one of the largest minority groups in the United States. ... Percent below each countrys official poverty line, according to the CIA factbook. ... Health insurance is a type of insurance whereby the insurer pays the medical costs of the insured if the insured becomes sick due to covered causes, or due to accidents. ... A large elementary school in Magome, Japan. ... Secondary education - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Children playing on a Amstrad CPC 464 in the 1980s. ... The Internet is the worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). ...

Changes in population

Regionally, the South and West picked up the bulk of the nation's population increase, 14,790,890 and 10,411,850, respectively. This meant that the mean center of U.S. population moved to Phelps County, Missouri. The Northeast grew by 2,785,149; the Midwest, by 4,724,144. The U.S. Southern states or the South, also known colloquially as Dixie, constitute a distinctive region covering a large portion of the United States, with its own unique heritage, historical perspective, customs, musical styles, and cuisine. ... This article deals with the western United States. ... The mean center of U.S. population is determined by the United States Census Bureau after tabulating the results of each census. ... Phelps County is a county located in the state of Missouri, and according to the U.S. Census Bureau it includes the mean center of U.S. population in 2000. ... The U.S. Northeast is a region of the United States of America defined by the US Census Bureau. ... The Midwest is a common name for a region of the United States of America. ...

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1584x1224, 310 KB) Exported from http://www. ...

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1584x1224, 265 KB) Exported from http://www. ...

Languages spoken at home

Caution: This does not appear to be Census 2000 information.

The Modern Language Association provides a website with overviews and detailed data about the locations and numbers of speakers of thirty languages and seven groups of less commonly spoken languages in the United States. Languages other than English are spoken at home by 46,951,595 respondents or 17.88% of people who are at least five years old. Below are the top languages spoken at home. Percentage is with respect to the number of people reported language other than English. Languages that contribute over 1% are listed. The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, Fifth Edition The Modern Language Association of America (MLA) is the principal professional association in the United States for scholars of literature and literary criticism. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

1. Spanish or Spanish Creole (59.85%)
2. French or French Creole (4.47%)
3. Chinese (4.31%)
4. German (2.95%)
5. Tagalog (2.61%)
6. Vietnamese (2.15%)
7. Italian (2.15%)
8. Korean (1.90%)
9. Russian (1.50%)
10. Polish (1.42%)
11. Arabic (1.31%)
12. Portuguese or Portuguese Creole (1.20%)
13. Japanese (1.02%)

(Note that our ranking differs from the MLA website because we combine French and French Creole.) A number of Creole languages are based on the Spanish language. ... A French creole, more properly French-based creole language, is a creole language with substantial influence from the French language. ... Tagalog (pronunciation: ) is one of the major languages of the Republic of the Philippines. ... Arabic ( or just ), is the largest member of the family of Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew, Amharic, and Aramaic. ... Portuguese creoles are creole languages which have been significantly influenced by Portuguese. ...

Reapportionment

The results of the census are used to determine how many congressional districts each state is apportioned. Congress defines the formula, in accordance with Title 2 of the U.S. Code, to reapportion among the states the 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives. The apportionment population consists of the resident population of the fifty states, plus the overseas military and federal civilian employees and their dependents living with them who could be allocated to a state. Each member of the House represents a population of about 647,000. The populations of the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico are excluded from the apportionment population because they do not have voting seats in the U. S. House of Representatives. U.S. Congressional districts are determined after each census. ... Apportionment, or reapportionment, is the process of determining representation in politics within a legislative body by creating constituencies. ... Seal of the House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives (or simply the House) is the lower of the two chambers of the United States Congress, the other being the Senate. ...

Since the 1790 Census, the first census, the decennial count has been the basis for the United States representative form of government. Article I, Section II specifies that "The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative." In 1790, each member of the House represented about 34,000 residents. Since then, the House more than quadrupled in size, and in 1911 the number of representatives was fixed at 435. Today, each member represents about 19 times as many constituents. ... The size of the United States House of Representatives is 435, as it has been since 1910, a number fixed by the Reapportionment Act of 1929 and the Apportionment Act of 1941 (with the exception of 1959 to 1962 when there were 437 seats to accommodate the admission of Hawaii...

Adjustment controversy

In the years leading up to the 2000 census, there was substantial controversy over whether the Bureau should adjust census figures based on a follow-up survey, called the post-enumeration survey, of a sample of blocks. (In 1999, the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that the Constitution prohibits the use of such figures for apportionment purposes, but it may be permissible for other purposes where feasible.) The controversy was partly technical, but also partly political, since based on data from the 1990 census both parties believed that adjustment would likely have the effect, after redistricting, of slightly increasing Democratic representation in legislative bodies. (See here and here for background.)

Following the census, discrepancies between the adjusted census figures and demographic estimates of population change could not be resolved in time to meet legal deadlines for the provision of redistricting data, and the Census Bureau therefore recommended that the unadjusted results be used for this purpose. This recommendation was followed by the Secretary of Commerce (the official in charge of making the determination).

The strongest disputation of the apportionment results came from the state of Utah, which challenged the results in two different ways. Utah was extremely close to gaining a fourth congressional seat. The Census Bureau counted members of the military serving abroad as residents of their home state, but did not count people from Utah serving abroad on religious missions as residents. If this policy were changed, then Utah would have received an additional seat at the expense of North Carolina. After losing a lawsuit over this matter, the state of Utah then filed another lawsuit alleging that the statistical methods used in computing the state populations were improper and cost Utah the seat. This case made it to the Supreme Court, but Utah was again defeated. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, the lead section of this article may need to be expanded. ... Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Area  Ranked 28th  - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²)  - Width 150 miles (240 km)  - Length 560[1] miles (901 km)  - % water 9. ...

See also

• Race (United States Census)
• Ethnicity (United States Census)
• Ancestry (United States Census)
• Racial demographics of the United States

Race, as defined by the United States Census Bureau and the Federal Office of Management and Budget (OMB), is a self-identification data item in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify. ... US Hispanic or Latino population The Office of Management and Budget is required to use a minimum of two ethnicities: Hispanic or Latino or not Hispanic or Latino The O.M.B. defines Hispanic or Latino as a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American or other... By county. ... Most common ancestries in the United States (as of 2000) The United States has a core of persons of White/European ancestry concentrated throughout the country. ...

External links and references

• Constitution Article I Section II re Enumeration and Apportionment

United States Census Bureau web pages

• Census 2000 gateway
• Population Profile of the United States: 2000
• Population Profile Introductory slide show, in MS Powerpoint format
• State and County QuickFacts, the most requested information
• American FactFinder, for population, housing, economic, and geographic data

Wikibooks has more about this subject: Powerpoint Microsoft Office PowerPoint is a ubiquitous presentation program developed for the Microsoft Windows and Mac OS computer operating systems. ...

Other 2000 census websites

• MLA Language Map from the Modern Language Association
• How the Census Works via Howstuffworks.com

United States Censuses
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