This article or section contains information about an upcoming or ongoing election in the United States. Content may change dramatically as the election approaches and unfolds.

Presidential electoral votes by state

The United States presidential election of 2008 will be held on November 4, 2008. The election will determine electors for the United States Electoral College. Whichever presidential candidate receives a majority of votes in the Electoral College (at least 270) will be the 44th President of the United States, and whichever vice presidential candidate receives a majority of votes will be the 47th Vice President of the United States. If no presidential candidate receives a majority in the Electoral College, then the president-elect is selected by a vote of the House of Representatives. If no vice presidential candidate receives a majority, then the vice president-elect is selected by a vote of the Senate. Image File history File links Vote. ... An election is a decision making process where people choose people to hold official offices. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... Image File history File links Electoral_map. ... Image File history File links Electoral_map. ... November 4 is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 57 days remaining. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... Look up Candidate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The presidential seal was first used by President Hayes in 1880 and last modified in 1959 by adding the 50th star for Hawaii. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      The Vice President of the United States is the first in the presidential line of succession... A President-elect is a candidate who has officially been elected President, but who has not yet acceded to his Office, as it is still occupied by the out-going President. ... Seal of the House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives (or simply the House) is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress, the other being the Senate. ... Seal of the U.S. Senate Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      Senate composition following 2006 elections The United States Senate is...

As in the 2004 presidential election, the allocation of electoral votes to each state will be partially based on the 2000 Census. The president-elect and vice president-elect will be inaugurated Tuesday, January 20, 2009. Presidential election results map. ... The allocation of production and consumption is a key element of any model of economics. ... The United States Census of year 2000, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ... January 20 is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2009 (MMIX) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

2008 presidential election characteristics

First election without incumbents in 80 years

When an American President leaves office, his Vice President is more often than not considered a leading candidate and likely nominee to succeed him. The 2008 presidential election, however, will likely be the first Presidential election in eighty years in which there is no incumbent president seeking re-election and no incumbent vice-president attempting to win office (not seeking a party's presidential nomination). A vice president is an officer in government or business who is next in rank below a president. ...

In the three most recent presidential administrations featuring an outgoing, two-term president (those of Eisenhower, Reagan, and Clinton), the incumbent Vice President has immediately thereafter run for President. (Richard Nixon lost the 1960 election, George H. W. Bush won the 1988 election, and Al Gore lost the 2000 election.) Look up Administration in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... D. D. Eisenhower during WWII Dwight David Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower, October 14, 1890 - March 28, 1969), nicknamed Ike, was an American soldier and politician, who served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States (1953-1961). ... Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States (1981–1989) and the 33rd Governor of California (1967–1975). ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... The incumbent, in politics, is the current holder of a political office. ... Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... George Herbert Walker Bush GCB (born June 12, 1924) was the 41st President of the United States of America serving from 1989 to 1993. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... Albert Arnold Gore, Jr. ... Presidential election results map. ...

In the 1968 election, Lyndon Johnson, at first, decided to seek re-election. He entered the New Hampshire primary and won, but later (in a nationally televised speech) announced that he would not seek re-election. Incumbent Vice President Hubert Humphrey then chose to run and was the eventual Democratic nominee. Presidential electoral votes by state. ... Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908–January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was an American politician. ... The New Hampshire primary marks the opening of the quadrennial U.S. presidential election. ... Hubert Horatio Humphrey, Jr. ... The Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States; the other being the Republican Party. ...

All other recent Vice Presidents, such as Dan Quayle and Walter Mondale, have also run for president at various times. Mondale succeeded his President, the one-term Jimmy Carter, as his party's candidate, and Quayle was unsuccessful in winning the nomination for the country's highest office. James Danforth Dan Quayle (born February 4, 1947) was the 44th Vice President of the United States under George H. W. Bush (1989-1993). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... For other persons named Jimmy Carter, see Jimmy Carter (disambiguation). ...

The current Vice President of the United States, Dick Cheney, announced in 2001 that he would never run for president, a statement he re-iterated in 2004. While appearing on Fox News Sunday, Cheney stated: "I will say just as hard as I possibly know how to say... If nominated, I will not run; if elected, I will not serve."^[1] The 2008 race, therefore, will apparently be a non-incumbent or "open seat" election in which neither the sitting President nor the sitting Vice President will be a candidate, the first time since 1928. Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      The Vice President of the United States is the first in the presidential line of succession... Richard Bruce Dick Cheney (born January 30, 1941) is the 46th and current Vice President of the United States, serving under President George W. Bush. ... Fox News Channels slogan is We Report, You Decide The Fox News Channel is a U.S. cable and satellite news channel. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Sherman pledge. ... The incumbent, in politics, is the current holder of a political office. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ...

This was almost the case in the Presidential contest in 1952. In the general election that year, the race was between Republican candidate Dwight D. Eisenhower and Democratic candidate Adlai Stevenson; earlier that year, sitting President Harry S. Truman's name was on the ballot in the New Hampshire primary, even though he had already announced that he would not seek another term. He lost to Tennessee Senator Estes Kefauver and formally withdrew his name from consideration. Also in 1952, Vice President Alben Barkley sought but failed to win the Democratic nomination. Presidential electoral votes by state. ... D. D. Eisenhower during WWII Dwight David Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower, October 14, 1890 - March 28, 1969), nicknamed Ike, was an American soldier and politician, who served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States (1953-1961). ... Adlai Ewing Stevenson II (February 5, 1900 – July 14, 1965) was an American politician, noted for intellectual demeanor and advocacy of liberal causes in the Democratic party. ... President Truman announces that Germany had surrendered (May 8 1945) Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the thirty-third President of the United States (1945–1953); as Vice President, he succeeded to the office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. ... The New Hampshire primary marks the opening of the quadrennial U.S. presidential election. ... Official language(s) English Capital Nashville Largest city Memphis Largest metro area Nashville Area  Ranked 36th  - Total 42,169 sq mi (109,247 km²)  - Width 120 miles (195 km)  - Length 440 miles (710 km)  - % water 2. ... The issue of Time Magazine in which Kefauvers victory in the New Hampshire primary was reported. ... The New Hampshire primary marks the opening of the quadrennial U.S. presidential election. ... Alben William Barkley (November 24, 1877–April 30, 1956) was a Representative and a Senator from Kentucky and the thirty_fifth Vice President of the United States. ...

"The most expensive election in American history"

In January 2007, Federal Election Commission Chairman Michael Toner stated that the 2008 U.S. presidential race will be "the most expensive election in American history." Toner estimated that the 2008 race will be a "$1 billion election," and that to be "taken seriously," a candidate will need to raise at least $100 million by the end of 2007. The Federal Election Commission (FEC) is an independent regulatory agency created in 1975 by Congress to administer and enforce campaign finance legislation in the United States. ... Michael E. Toner is the current chairman of the Federal Election Commission (FEC), the regulatory body that oversees campaign finance for United States federal elections. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ...

The reported cost of campaigning for President has risen significantly in recent years. One source reported that if the costs for both Democratic and Republican campaigns are added together (for the Presidential primary election, general election, and the political conventions) the costs have more than doubled in only eight years ($448.9 million in 1996, $649.5 million in 2000, and $1.01 billion in 2004).^[2] The Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States; the other being the Republican Party. ... The Republican Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States; the other being the Democratic Party. ... Presidential electoral votes. ... Presidential election results map. ... Presidential election results map. ...

Timeline

Main article: U.S. presidential election, 2008 timeline

This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Early stages

Candidates began to emerge during 2006, where the first cattle calls were held and at least two straw polls were taken. In 2007, because of the long lead time for fund-raising and because Federal election laws require the reporting of funds raised for the primary elections, fund-raising began in earnest. An audition which is open to the public and thus draws a large number of candidates most of whom are inexperienced and/or highly unlikely to earn a role Category: ... A straw poll is an informal type of voting where the results of the poll have little or no direct results, other than to gauge opinion. ... A primary election is an election in which registered voters in a jurisdiction select a political partys candidate for a later election (nominating primary). ...

The pre-primary season began even before the 2006 Congressional elections, with most of the potential candidates forming exploratory committees or announcing their candidacies outright. The main focuses of these committees was to gain media attention and fund-raising. This was done primarily through broadcast media discussions by various pundits and a series of events sponsored by the different parties during 2007, including debates, straw polls, and other events designed to give voters a chance to get to know the candidates. The Democrats, for example, hosted a series of candidate forums and debates in Nevada, which began on February 21, as well as hosting a debate in New Hampshire on April 5 and one in South Carolina on April 26. In the election politics of the United States, an exploratory committee is an organization established to help determine whether a potential candidate should run for an elected office. ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... April 26 is the 116th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (117th in leap years). ...

The Republican Party is also planning events for the candidates, such as televised debates in New Hampshire on April 4 and one in South Carolina on May 15, as well as the traditional Ames Straw Poll in Iowa on August 11. In 1999, two of the nine candidates that participated in the straw poll dropped out of the race for the 2000 nomination after faring poorly there. April 4 is the 94th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (95th in leap years). ... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (136th in leap years). ... August 11 is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

By the beginning of March, 2007, six candidates had achieved "front runner" status, three in both major parties: John McCain of Arizona, Mitt Romney of Massachusetts and Rudy Giuliani of New York on the Republican side^[3][4]; and John Edwards of North Carolina, Barack Obama of Illinois and Hillary Clinton of New York on the Democratic. For McCains grandfather and father, see John S. McCain, Sr. ... Official language(s) English Capital Phoenix Largest city Phoenix Area  Ranked 6th  - Total 113,998 sq mi (295,254 km²)  - Width 310 miles (500 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 0. ... Willard Mitt Romney, usually known as Mitt, (born March 12, 1947) was the 70th Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, elected in 2002. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Sir Rudolph William Louis Giuliani III (KBE), known as Rudy Giuliani (born May 28, 1944) is an American lawyer, prosecutor, businessman, and Republican politician from the state of New York. ... NY redirects here. ... This article is about the American attorney and politician. ... Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Area  Ranked 28th  - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²)  - Width 150 miles (240 km)  - Length 560[1] miles (901 km)  - % water 9. ... Obama redirects here. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... Hillary Clinton Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947), was First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, as the wife of President Bill Clinton. ... NY redirects here. ...

In early straw polling at cattle call events, all three front-runner Republicans managed to win substantial support. There has yet to be any Democratic straw polling. A straw poll is an informal type of voting where the results of the poll have little or no direct results, other than to gauge opinion. ...

The Associated Press reported on March 4, 2007, that Democratic presidential candidate and New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson has stated that he believes the Democratic Party contest may be over by the end of January 2008 after the first four state caucuses and primaries have been completed (Iowa, Nevada, New Hampshire, and South Carolina). Richardson's comments were made at a campaign breakfast event in Des Moines, Iowa.^[5] The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... March 4 is the 63rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (64th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... This is a list of Governors of the state of New Mexico (est. ... William Blaine Bill Richardson III (born November 15, 1947) is an American politician, and the current Governor of New Mexico, of the Democratic Party . ... Nickname: Hartford of the West, City of Skywalks, Raccoon City, DSM Location in the State of Iowa, USA Coordinates: Country United States State Iowa County Polk County Incorporated September 22, 1851  - Mayor Frank Cownie Area    - City  77. ...

Official primary/caucus dates

Delegates to national party conventions are selected through direct primary elections, state caucuses, and state conventions. The process continues through June, but in previous cycles, the Democratic and Republican candidates were effectively chosen by the March primaries. This is due to winning candidates collecting a majority of committed delegates to win their party's nomination. Most third parties select delegates to their national conventions through state conventions. Speeches by important party figures are key features of the convention; here, former President Jimmy Carter addresses the 2004 Democratic National Convention. ... The Democratic Party is one of two major political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. ... The Republican Party, often called the GOP (for Grand Old Party, although one early citation described it as the Gallant Old Party) [1], is one of the two major political parties in the United States. ...

February 5, 2008, looks set to be a decisive date, one month before the traditional Super Tuesday, as up to twenty states with half of the United States' population are moving to hold their primaries on what is being called National Presidential Primary Day or Giga Tuesday.^[6][7][8] February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... In the United States, Super Tuesday commonly refers to a Tuesday in early March of a presidential election year. ...

Democratic primaries and caucuses

Main article: Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008

In 2008, Nevada will join Iowa, New Hampshire, and South Carolina in early Democratic Party primary elections. The 2008 Democratic primaries will be the selection process by which the Democrats choose their candidates in the 2008 election for President and Vice President of the United States through a series of primaries and caucuses culminating in the 2008 Democratic National Convention, to be held from Monday, August 25...

Republican primaries and caucuses

Main article: Republican Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008

// The 2008 Republican primaries will be the selection process by which the Republicans choose their candidates in the 2008 election for President and Vice President of the United States through a series of primaries and caucuses culminating in the 2008 Republican National Convention, to be held in Saint Paul, Minnesota...

Later events

• August 25–28, 2008: 2008 Democratic National Convention, to be held in Denver, Colorado
• September 1–4, 2008: 2008 Republican National Convention, to be held in Saint Paul, Minnesota.
• November 4, 2008: All 50 states and the District of Columbia will hold elections to select members of the Electoral College.
• December 15, 2008: Members of the U.S. Electoral College meet in each state to cast their votes for President and Vice President.
• January 6, 2009: Electoral votes officially tallied before both Houses of Congress.
• January 20, 2009: Inauguration Day.

The 2008 Democratic National Convention will be the 2008 United States presidential nominating convention of the Democratic Party. ... Nickname: The Mile-High City Location of Denver in Colorado Coordinates: Country United States State Colorado City-County Denver (coextensive) Founded November 22, 1858 Incorporated November 7, 1861  - Mayor John Hickenlooper (D) Area    - City  154. ... The 2008 Republican National Convention will take place at the Xcel Energy Center in Saint Paul, Minnesota from September 1 until September 4, 2008. ... Location in Ramsey County and the state of Minnesota. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... ... Election Day in the United States is the day when polls most often open for the election of certain public officials. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2009 (MMIX) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2009 (MMIX) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2009 (MMIX) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Inauguration Day is the day on which the President of the United States is sworn in and takes office. ... 2009 (MMIX) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Candidates and potential candidates

Politicians with ambition have begun to express formally their desire for the presidency in the form of "exploratory committees," which allows the hopeful to raise money and travel without having to follow certain financial restrictions mandated by federal law. With official events, such as debates and candidate forums, beginning as early as February 2007, the status of a candidate will be based on whether or not he or she is invited. Several minor candidates in the past have tried to litigate their way in, generating some publicity but little public support. In the election politics of the United States, an exploratory committee is an organization established to help determine whether a potential candidate should run for an elected office. ...

Conditions for listing a candidate

As stated above, the election is currently in its early stages and some candidates are not yet official.

1. Private Official Campaign Web Site, Required Data
   1. Private web page (non-free web page)
   2. Statement of FEC Status
   3. Valid current contact information (name, address, telephone, non-free email)
   4. Date and place of birth
   5. Intent of ballot placement or write-in status
   6. Current list of Registration for write-in status

^FEC - FEC Registered Candidate
^FEC-Other - FEC Registered Candidate, other election
^Non-FEC - Non-FEC Registered Candidate The Federal Election Commission (FEC) is an independent regulatory agency created in 1975 by Congress to administer and enforce campaign finance legislation in the United States. ...

Democratic Party

Main article: Official and potential 2008 United States presidential election Democratic candidates

Candidates who have filed with the FEC for the Democratic Party: Main article: United States presidential election, 2008 This article lists official and potential Democratic candidates for the President of the United States in the election of 2008. ... The Democratic Party is one of two major political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. ...

• Senator Joe Biden of Delaware (Campaign Site)
• Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton of New York (Exploratory Committee)
• Senator Christopher Dodd of Connecticut (Campaign Site)
• Former Senator John Edwards of North Carolina (Campaign Site)
• Former Senator Mike Gravel of Alaska (Campaign Site)
• Representative Dennis Kucinich of Ohio (Campaign Site)
• Senator Barack Obama of Illinois (Campaign Site)

Candidates who have formed exploratory committees, but not yet filed with the FEC: Joseph Robinette Joe Biden, Jr. ... Official language(s) None Capital Dover Largest city Wilmington Area  Ranked 49th  - Total 2,491 sq mi (6,452 km²)  - Width 30 miles (48 km)  - Length 100 miles (161 km)  - % water 21. ... Hillary Rodham Clinton (born Hillary Diane Rodham on October 26, 1947) is the Biggest loser/retard these united states have seen from New York. ... NY redirects here. ... Christopher John Dodd (born May 27, 1944), is an American politician. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... This article is about the American attorney and politician. ... Official language(s) English Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Area  Ranked 28th  - Total 53,865 sq mi (139,509 km²)  - Width 150 miles (240 km)  - Length 560[1] miles (901 km)  - % water 9. ... Maurice Robert Gravel (born May 13, 1930) better known as Mike Gravel, was a Democratic U.S. Senator from Alaska for two terms, from 1969 to 1981. ... Official language(s) English Capital Juneau Largest city Anchorage Area  Ranked 1st  - Total 663,267 sq mi (1,717,855 km²)  - Width 808 miles (1,300 km)  - Length 1,479 miles (2,380 km)  - % water 13. ... Dennis John Kucinich (born October 8, 1946) is an American politician of the Democratic party. ... Official language(s) None Capital Columbus Largest city Columbus Largest metro area Cleveland Area  Ranked 34th  - Total 44,825 sq mi (116,096 km²)  - Width 220 miles (355 km)  - Length 220 miles (355 km)  - % water 8. ... Obama redirects here. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ...

• Governor Bill Richardson of New Mexico (Exploratory Committee)

Individuals who have expressed serious interest: William Blaine Bill Richardson III (born November 15, 1947) is an American politician, and the current Governor of New Mexico, of the Democratic Party . ... Capital Santa Fe Largest city Albuquerque Area  Ranked 5th  - Total 121,665 sq mi (315,194 km²)  - Width 342 miles (550 km)  - Length 370 miles (595 km)  - % water 0. ...

• Retired General Wesley Clark of Arkansas (WesPAC)
• Rev. Al Sharpton of New York^[9]

Individuals frequently mentioned as possible candidates: Wesley Kanne Wes Clark (born December 23, 1944) is a retired four-star general in the U.S. Army. ... Official language(s) English Capital Little Rock Largest city Little Rock Area  Ranked 29th  - Total 53,179 sq mi (137,002 km²)  - Width 239 miles (385 km)  - Length 261 miles (420 km)  - % water 2. ... Al Sharpton Alfred Charles Al Sharpton Jr. ... NY redirects here. ...

• Former Vice President Al Gore of Tennessee^[10]

Note: Although Al Gore has been widely discussed as a possible candidate, and has not categorically ruled out a possible candidacy, he has stated on a number of occasions that he is not interested: "I have no intention to run for president. I can't imagine in any circumstance to run for office again." Despite rumors that he would announce his candidacy during the 79th Academy Awards on February 25, 2007, during an appearance on stage Gore acted as if he were about to do so, only to be "played off stage" as part of the joke.^[11] Note: Former Governor Tom Vilsack of Iowa was a presidential candidate from November 30, 2006 to February 23, 2007, who withdrew due to a lack of funds.^[12] Albert Arnold Gore, Jr. ... Official language(s) English Capital Nashville Largest city Memphis Largest metro area Nashville Area  Ranked 36th  - Total 42,169 sq mi (109,247 km²)  - Width 120 miles (195 km)  - Length 440 miles (710 km)  - % water 2. ... Albert Arnold Gore, Jr. ... Although he never won an Oscar for any of his movie performances, the comedian Bob Hope received two honorary Oscars for his contributions to cinema. ... February 25 is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... Thomas James Vilsack (born December 13, 1950 in Pittsburgh) is an American politician, a member of the Democratic Party, and served as the 40th Governor of the state of Iowa. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Republican Party

Main article: Official and potential 2008 United States presidential election Republican candidates

Candidates who have filed with the FEC for the Republican Party: Main article: United States presidential election, 2008 This article lists official and potential Republican candidates for the President of the United States in the election of 2008. ... The Republican Party, often called the GOP (for Grand Old Party, although one early citation described it as the Gallant Old Party) [1], is one of the two major political parties in the United States. ...

• Senator Sam Brownback of Kansas (Campaign Site)
• Former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani of New York (Exploratory Committee)^[13]
• Representative Duncan Hunter of California (Campaign Site)
• Senator John McCain of Arizona (Campaign Site)
• Former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts (Campaign Site)

Candidates who have formed exploratory committees, but not yet filed with the FEC: Samuel Dale Sam Brownback (born September 12, 1956) is the senior United States senator from the U.S. state of Kansas. ... Official language(s) none Capital Topeka Largest city Wichita Area  Ranked 15th  - Total 82,277 sq mi (213,096 km²)  - Width 211 miles (340 km)  - Length 417 miles (645 km)  - % water 0. ... Nickname: Big Apple, Gotham, NYC, City That Never Sleeps, The Concrete Jungle, The City So Nice They Named It Twice Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1676  - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area    - City... Sir Rudolph William Louis Giuliani III (KBE), known as Rudy Giuliani (born May 28, 1944) is an American lawyer, prosecutor, businessman, and Republican politician from the state of New York. ... NY redirects here. ... Duncan Lee Hunter (born May 31, 1948), American politician, has been a Republican member of the House of Representatives since 1981 from Californias 52nd congressional district in northern and eastern San Diego. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... For McCains grandfather and father, see John S. McCain, Sr. ... Official language(s) English Capital Phoenix Largest city Phoenix Area  Ranked 6th  - Total 113,998 sq mi (295,254 km²)  - Width 310 miles (500 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 0. ... Willard Mitt Romney, usually known as Mitt, (born March 12, 1947) was the 70th Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, elected in 2002. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ...

• Former Governor Mike Huckabee of Arkansas (Exploratory Committee)
• Former Governor Jim Gilmore of Virginia (Exploratory Committee)
• Representative Ron Paul of Texas (Exploratory Committee)
• Representative Tom Tancredo of Colorado (Exploratory Committee)
• Former Governor Tommy Thompson of Wisconsin (Exploratory Committee)

Individuals who have expressed serious interest: Michael Dale Mike Huckabee (born August 24, 1955 in Hope, Arkansas) was the governor of the U.S. state of Arkansas from 1996 to 2007. ... Official language(s) English Capital Little Rock Largest city Little Rock Area  Ranked 29th  - Total 53,179 sq mi (137,002 km²)  - Width 239 miles (385 km)  - Length 261 miles (420 km)  - % water 2. ... James S. Gilmore III (born October 6, 1949), commonly known as Jim Gilmore, is a Republican Party politician who served as Governor of Virginia and Chairman of the Republican National Committee. ... Official language(s) English Capital Richmond Largest city Virginia Beach Area  Ranked 35th  - Total 42,793 sq mi (110,862 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 430 miles (690 km)  - % water 7. ... Ronald Ernest “Ron” Paul (born 20 August 1935) is an American physician and politician from the U.S. state of Texas. ... Official language(s) English (de facto) See also languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Area  Ranked 2nd  - Total 268,581 sq mi (695,622 km²)  - Width 773 miles (1,244 km)  - Length 790 miles (1,270 km)  - % water 2. ... Thomas Gerard (Tom) Tancredo (born December 20, 1945) is an American politician from the Republican Party. ... Official language(s) English Capital Denver Largest city Denver Area  Ranked 8th  - Total 104,185 sq mi (269,837 km²)  - Width 280 miles (451 km)  - Length 380 miles (612 km)  - % water 0. ... Tommy George Thompson (born November 19, 1941), a United States politician, was the 7th U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services and the 42nd Governor of Wisconsin. ... Official language(s) None Capital Madison Largest city Milwaukee Area  Ranked 23rd  - Total 65,498 sq mi (169,790 km²)  - Width 260 miles (420 km)  - Length 310 miles (500 km)  - % water 17  - Latitude 42°30N to 47°3N  - Longitude 86°49W to 92°54W Population  Ranked...

• Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich of Georgia (Winning the Future)^[14]
• Senator Chuck Hagel of Nebraska (Sandhills PAC)^[15]
• Radio talk show host Michael Savage of California (Paul Revere Society)^[16]

Newton Leroy Gingrich (born June 17, 1943) served as the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. ... Charles Timothy Chuck Hagel (born October 4, 1946) is the seniorUnited States Senator from Nebraska. ... Official language(s) English Capital Lincoln Largest city Omaha Largest metro area Omaha Area  Ranked 16th  - Total 77,421 sq mi (200,520 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 430 miles (690 km)  - % water 0. ... Michael Savage is the pseudonym of Dr.Michael Alan Weiner, Ph. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ...

Third parties

Main article: Official and potential 2008 United States presidential election third party candidates

While it is rare for candidates to officially declare their candidacy prior to late in the year preceding the presidential election (in this case, 2007), some potential third party candidates may have declared intent in running in the 2008 presidential election and are listed below. ...

Constitution Party

Actively pursuing or interested in candidacy for the Constitution Party (United States): The Constitution Party is a conservative third party in the United States, whose membership mainly comprises paleoconservatives. ...

• James Gilchrist of California^[17]

James Jim Gilchrist (born 1949) is the founder of the Minuteman Project and ran as an American Independent Party candidate for the United States House of Representatives representing Californias 48th Congressional District to replace Republican Chris Cox, who resigned to become Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ...

Green Party

• Elaine Brown of Georgia^[18]

Elaine Brown (born March 2, 1943 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is a prominent African American activist. ...

Libertarian Party

Official candidates who have filed with the FEC for the Libertarian Party: The Libertarian Party is an American political party founded in 1971. ...

• Steve Kubby of California (Campaign Site)
• George Phillies of Massachusetts (Campaign Site)
• Christine Smith of Colorado (Campaign Site)

Announced candidates: Steve Kubby Steve Wynn Kubby (born December 28, 1946) is a Libertarian Party activist who played a key role in the drafting and passage of California Proposition 215. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... George Phillies (born 23 July 1947) is a Libertarian Party activist and professor of physics at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Christine Smith (born April 6, 1979) is an American model. ... Official language(s) English Capital Denver Largest city Denver Area  Ranked 8th  - Total 104,185 sq mi (269,837 km²)  - Width 280 miles (451 km)  - Length 380 miles (612 km)  - % water 0. ...

• Doug Stanhope of Arizona (Campaign Site)

Actively pursuing or interested in candidacy: Doug Stanhope (born March 25, 1967) is an American stand-up comedian and 2008 presidential candidate, seeking the nomination of the Libertarian Party. ... Official language(s) English Capital Phoenix Largest city Phoenix Area  Ranked 6th  - Total 113,998 sq mi (295,254 km²)  - Width 310 miles (500 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 0. ...

• Gene Chapman of Texas (Campaign Site)
• Barry Hess of Arizona^[19]
• Dave Hollist of California (Campaign Site)
• Robert Milnes of New Jersey (Campaign Site)

Official language(s) English (de facto) See also languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Area  Ranked 2nd  - Total 268,581 sq mi (695,622 km²)  - Width 773 miles (1,244 km)  - Length 790 miles (1,270 km)  - % water 2. ... It is proposed that this article be deleted, because of the following concern: Because the article covers everything that is already said in the AZ statewide elections article: he was a candidate for governor with the Libertarian Party. ... Official language(s) English Capital Phoenix Largest city Phoenix Area  Ranked 6th  - Total 113,998 sq mi (295,254 km²)  - Width 310 miles (500 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 0. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... For the Bon Jovi album, see New Jersey (album) Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Area  Ranked 47th  - Total 8,729 sq mi (22,608 km²)  - Width 70 miles (110 km)  - Length 150 miles (240 km)  - % water 14. ...

Other parties and independent candidates

Actively pursuing or interested in candidacy

• Steve Adams of Kentucky (Campaign Site)
• Gene Amondson of Washington for the Prohibition Party (Campaign Site)
• Bob W. Hargis of Oklahoma (Campaign Site)
• David A. Koch of Utah and Ken Goldstein of California (Campaign Site)
• Charles T. Maxham of New Jersey (Campaign Site)
• James H. McCall of Pennsylvania (Campaign Site)

Official language(s) English[1] Capital Frankfort Largest city Louisville Area  Ranked 37th  - Total 40,444 sq mi (104,749 km²)  - Width 140 miles (225 km)  - Length 379 miles (610 km)  - % water 1. ... Gene Amondson (b. ... Official language(s) None Capital Olympia Largest city Seattle Area  Ranked 18th  - Total 71,342 sq mi (184,827 km²)  - Width 240 miles (385 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 6. ... National Prohibition Convention, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1892. ... Official language(s) None Capital Oklahoma City Largest city Oklahoma City Area  Ranked 20th  - Total 69,960 sq mi (181,196 km²)  - Width 230 miles (370 km)  - Length 298 miles (480 km)  - % water 1. ... David Koch (b. ... Official language(s) English Capital Salt Lake City Largest city Salt Lake City Area  Ranked 13th  - Total 84,876 sq mi (219,887 km²)  - Width 270 miles (435 km)  - Length 350 miles (565 km)  - % water 3. ... Ken Goldstein (b. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... For the Bon Jovi album, see New Jersey (album) Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Area  Ranked 47th  - Total 8,729 sq mi (22,608 km²)  - Width 70 miles (110 km)  - Length 150 miles (240 km)  - % water 14. ... Official language(s) English, Pennsylvania Dutch Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Area  Ranked 33rd  - Total 46,055 sq mi (119,283 km²)  - Width 280 miles (455 km)  - Length 160 miles (255 km)  - % water 2. ...

Opinion polling

Main article: Opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2008

See also: Opinion polling for the Democratic Party (United States) 2008 presidential candidates

See also: Opinion polling for the Republican Party (United States) 2008 presidential candidates

See also: Opinion polling for the Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008

See also: Opinion polling for the Republican Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008

This is a collection of scientific, nation-wide polls that have been conducted relating to the U.S. presidential election, 2008. ... This is a collection of scientific, nation-wide public opinion polls that have been conducted relating to the 2008 Democratic presidential candidates. ... Main article: Opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2008 This is a collection of scientific, nation-wide public opinion polls that have been conducted relating to the 2008 Republican presidential candidates. ... This is a collection of scientific, state-wide public opinion polls that have been conducted relating to the Democratic presidential primaries, 2008. ... This is a collection of scientific, state-wide public opinion polls that have been conducted relating to the Republican presidential primaries, 2008. ...

Possible electoral college changes

In 2007, Rep. Thomas M. Davis (R-VA) introduced the "DC Fair and Equal House Voting Rights Act of 2007" in the U.S. House. If enacted, the act would have the effect of increasing the size of the electoral college by 1. The bill's primary purpose is to give House representation to the District of Columbia. The Congressional Research Service has determined that if passed, the bill would likely be found unconstitutional.^[20] Thomas M. Tom Davis III (born January 5, 1949 in Minot, North Dakota) is a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives, representing the Eleventh Congressional District of Virginia (map) in Northern Virginia. ... The District of Columbia has never had voting representation in the United States Congress, but efforts are currently under way to enact a statute that would give the District one vote in the House of Representatives, though not in the Senate. ... Seal of the House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives (or simply the House) is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress, the other being the Senate. ... ...

The bill also grants, for partisan balancing, an additional House seat to Utah, and increases Utah's electoral votes by 1, since Utah is likely to vote Republican and the District of Columbia is likely to vote Democratic. However, this will only be valid until the next census, when the extra seat will be reapportioned like all other seats. The District of Columbia's electoral vote count would remain unchanged at 3, as required by the 23rd amendment. The likely effect of the change, if enacted, on the 2008 presidential election would be to give a +1 advantage to the Republican candidate: Utah has not been carried by a Democratic presidential candidate since 1964, and in the most recent election gave the Republican 71% of the vote. Even though the size of the electoral college would increase to 539, a candidate would still need 270 electoral votes to win. Official language(s) English Capital Salt Lake City Largest city Salt Lake City Area  Ranked 13th  - Total 84,876 sq mi (219,887 km²)  - Width 270 miles (435 km)  - Length 350 miles (565 km)  - % water 3. ... Amendment XXIII was the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution which permits the District of Columbia to choose Electors for President and Vice President. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ... Presidential election results map. ...

Also, the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact is a proposed agreement between states in the United States dealing with their allocation of electoral votes. This interstate compact would effectively shift the method of election of the President of the United States to a national popular vote system. By the terms of the compact, states agree to give all of their electoral votes to the national popular vote winner, regardless of the balance of votes in their own states. The compact would only go into effect once it was joined by states representing a majority of the electoral college. Status in 2007:  passed in one house (2)  failed in the legislature (2)  introduced (26)  no legislation pending (20 + DC) The National Popular Vote Interstate Compact is a proposed agreement between states in the U.S. dealing with their allocation of electoral votes. ...

References

For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... November 14 is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 47 days remaining. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 1 is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 4 is the 63rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (64th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 4 is the 63rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (64th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 4 is the 63rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (64th in leap years). ... Dick Morris appears on TVs FOX News channel. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 5 is the 64th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (65th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 6 is the 65th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (66th in Leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 6 is the 65th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (66th in Leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... November 28 is the 332nd day (333rd on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The Des Moines Register is the daily morning newspaper of Des Moines, Iowa, in the United States. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... November 20 is the 324th day of the year (325th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... November 19 is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... November 14 is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 47 days remaining. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ...

See also

• United States Senate elections, 2008
• United States House elections, 2008
• United States gubernatorial elections, 2008

Elections for the United States Senate will be held on November 4, 2008, with 33 of the 100 seats in the Senate (those in Class II) being contested. ... Elections for the United States House of Representatives will be held on November 4, 2008, with all of the 435 seats in the House being contested. ... The U.S. gubernatorial elections, 2008 will be held on November 4, 2008. ...

External links

• FEC filings from select 2008 presidential campaigns
• PollingReport.com collection of poll results
• Open Directory Project - 2008 Presidential Campaign directory category
• www.ExpertVoter.org video comparison of candidates
• Wikia:campaigns:Category:2008 US Presidential candidates

News media

• BBC: 2008, The Race Begins
• The New York Times's coverage
  • Who's Running in 2008?
• The Washington Post's coverage
• Yahoo! News coverage

• CQ Politics coverage
• RealClearPolitics coverage
• Politics1.com coverage
• DC's Political Report coverage

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