NationMaster - Encyclopedia: 228 incident

The 228 Incident (Chinese: 二二八事件; Pinyin: èr èr bā shìjiàn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Jī-jī-pat sū-kiāⁿ) also known as the 228 Massacre (Traditional Chinese: 二二八大屠殺; Simplified Chinese: 二二八大屠杀; Pinyin: èr èr bā dàtúshā) was an uprising in Taiwan that began on February 28, 1947 and was suppressed by the Kuomintang (KMT) government, resulting in between ten thousand and twenty thousand civilians killed. The number "228" refers to the day of the incident, February 28 (28th day of the 2nd month, 2/28). Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x1600, 731 KB) Summary The 228 Monument located near the Presidential Office in Taipei Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x1600, 731 KB) Summary The 228 Monument located near the Presidential Office in Taipei Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), commonly called Pinyin, is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Technical note: Due to technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. ... Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... Simplified Chinese character (Simplified Chinese: or ; Traditional Chinese: or ; pinyin: or ) is one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of printed contemporary Chinese written language, simplified from traditional Chinese by the Peoples Republic of China in an attempt to promote literacy. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), commonly called Pinyin, is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... The Kuomintang of China (abbreviation KMT) (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Tongyong Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung1-kuo2 Kuo2-min2-tang3) [1], also often translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party, is a political party in the Republic of China, now on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

This event is now commemorated in Taiwan as Peace Memorial Day (Traditional Chinese: 和平紀念日; Simplified Chinese: 和平纪念日; Pinyin: {{{p}}}). Official government policy had repressed the education of the events until recently, for various reasons. Many of the details of the incident are still highly controversial and hotly debated in Taiwan today. Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... Simplified Chinese character (Simplified Chinese: or ; Traditional Chinese: or ; pinyin: or ) is one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of printed contemporary Chinese written language, simplified from traditional Chinese by the Peoples Republic of China in an attempt to promote literacy. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), commonly called Pinyin, is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ...

After 50 years of colonial rule by Japan, Taiwan was placed under the administrative control of the Republic of China in 1945 by the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA). After two years of administration by the Republic of China, nepotism, accusations of corruption and a failed economy increased tensions between the local Taiwanese and ROC administration. The flashpoint came on February 27, 1947 in Taipei when a dispute between a female cigarette vendor and an anti-smuggling officer triggered civil disorder and open rebellion that would last for days. The uprising was quickly put down by the military of the Republic of China. Motto none Anthem National Anthem of the Republic of China Capital (and largest city) Taipei Official languages Standard Mandarin (GuÃ³yÇ”) Demonym Taiwanese Government Semi-presidential system - President Chen Shui-bian - Vice President Annette Lu - Premier Chang Chun-hsiung Establishment Xinhai Revolution - Independence declared October 10, 1911 - Republic established January... The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) was founded in 1943 to provide relief to areas liberated from Axis powers. ... The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) was founded in 1943 to provide relief to areas liberated from Axis powers. ... Motto none Anthem National Anthem of the Republic of China Capital (and largest city) Taipei Official languages Standard Mandarin (GuÃ³yÇ”) Demonym Taiwanese Government Semi-presidential system - President Chen Shui-bian - Vice President Annette Lu - Premier Chang Chun-hsiung Establishment Xinhai Revolution - Independence declared October 10, 1911 - Republic established January... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... For other uses, see Taipei (disambiguation). ... The Republic of China (commonly known as Taiwan) maintains a large military establishment, which accounted for 16. ...

Background

As settlement for losing the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895), China relinquished in perpetuity its claims to Taiwan and the Pescadores to Japan in 1895. Armed resistance against the Japanese colonizers had been largely put down by the 1920s. Subsequently, Taiwanese perceptions of the Japanese occupation during the colonial era are significantly more favorable than perceptions in other parts of East Asia, partly because during its 50 years (1895–1945) of colonial rule Japan developed Taiwan's economy and raised the standard of living for most Taiwanese citizens, building up Taiwan as a supply base for the Japanese main islands. Later the Japanese also forced Taiwanese people to adopt Japanese names and practice Shinto, while the schools instilled a sense of "Japanese spirit" in students. By the time of World War II began, many Taiwanese locals were proficient in the Japanese language, while keeping their localized identity. Combatants Kuomintang of China Communist Party of China Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 4,300,000 (July 1946) 3,650,000 (June 1948) 1,490,000 (June 1949) 1,200,000 (July 1946) 2,800,000 (June 1948) 4,000,000 (June 1949) The Chinese Civil War (Traditional... The Japanese colonial period, Japanese rule or the Japanese occupation[1], in the context of Taiwans history, refers to the period between 1895 and 1945 during which Taiwan was a Japanese colony. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Combatants Qing Empire (China) Empire of Japan Commanders Li Hongzhang Yamagata Aritomo Strength 630,000 men Beiyang Army, Beiyang Fleet 240,000 men Imperial Japanese Army, Imperial Japanese Navy Casualties 35,000 dead or wounded 13,823 dead, 3,973 wounded The First Sino-Japanese War (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese... Year 1895 (MDCCCXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Geographic East Asia. ... Shinto ) is the native religion of Japan and was once its state religion. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Following the end of World War II, Taiwan was placed under the administrative control of the Republic of China. Chen Yi, the Governor-General of Taiwan, arrived on October 24, 1945 and received the last Japanese governor, Ando Rikichi, who signed the document of surrender on the next day and proclaimed the day as retrocession day. This turned out to be legally controversial since Japan did not renounce its sovereignty over Taiwan until 1952, which further complicated the political status of Taiwan. This was further complicated by the official surrender document, Treaty of San Francisco, where Japan renounced their sovereignty over Taiwan. The treaty does not formally state which nations are sovereign over Taiwan, an issue that some supporters of Taiwan independence use to justify Taiwanese self-determination according to Article 77b of the Charter of the United Nations, which applies trusteeships to "territories which may be detached from enemy states as a result of the Second World War." Download high resolution version (393x951, 166 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (393x951, 166 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Motto none Anthem National Anthem of the Republic of China Capital (and largest city) Taipei Official languages Standard Mandarin (GuÃ³yÇ”) Demonym Taiwanese Government Semi-presidential system - President Chen Shui-bian - Vice President Annette Lu - Premier Chang Chun-hsiung Establishment Xinhai Revolution - Independence declared October 10, 1911 - Republic established January... Chen Yi, the first ROC Chief Executive and Garrison Commander of Taiwan. ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945and died 2007 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Rikichi Ando (å®‰è—¤åˆ©å‰, Ando Rikichi) (1884-1946) was a Japanese general. ... October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Taiwan Strait area The controversy regarding the political status of Taiwan hinges on whether Taiwan, including the Pescadores (Penghu), should remain the effective territory of the Republic of China (ROC), become unified with the territories now governed by the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), or become the Republic of... Prime Minister Yoshida Shigeru gives a speech on reconciliation and rapport ) at the San Francisco Peace conference. ...

During the immediate postwar period, the Chinese Kuomintang (KMT) administration of Taiwan led to local discontent due to the large scale economic unrest produced by the civil war on mainland China. As Governor-General, Chen Yi took over and expanded the Japanese system of state monopolies in tobacco, sugar, camphor, tea, paper, chemicals, petroleum refining, and cement. He confiscated some 500 Japanese-owned factories and mines, and tens of thousands of private homes. The Shanghai newspaper Wen Hui Pao reported that Chen ran everything "from the hotel to the night-soil business." Economic mismanagement led to a large black market, runaway inflation and food shortages. Many commodities were confiscated and shipped to mainland China where they were sold for inflated prices furthering the general shortage of goods on the island. The price of rice rose to one hundred times its original value between the time the Chinese took over to the spring of 1946. It inflated further to four hundred times the original price by January, 1947.^[1] Carpetbaggers from the mainland dominated nearly all industry, political and judicial offices, displacing the Taiwanese who were formerly employed; and many of the ROC garrison troops were highly undisciplined, looting, stealing, and contributing to the overall breakdown of infrastructure and public services. ^[2] The Kuomintang of China (abbreviation KMT) (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Tongyong Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung1-kuo2 Kuo2-min2-tang3) [1], also often translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party, is a political party in the Republic of China, now on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in... Combatants Kuomintang of China Communist Party of China Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 4,300,000 (July 1946) 3,650,000 (June 1948) 1,490,000 (June 1949) 1,200,000 (July 1946) 2,800,000 (June 1948) 4,000,000 (June 1949) The Chinese Civil War (Traditional... In economics, government monopoly is a form of coercive monopoly, in which a government agency is the sole provider of a particular good or service and competition is prohibited by law. ... Shredded tobacco leaf for pipe smoking Tobacco can also be pressed into plugs and sliced into flakes Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the fresh leaves of plants in genus Nicotiana. ... Magnification of grains of sugar, showing their monoclinic hemihedral crystalline structure. ... R-phrases 11-20/21/22-36/37/38 S-phrases 16-26-36 RTECS number EX1260000 (R) EX1250000 (S) Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, Îµr, etc. ... Tea leaves in a Chinese gaiwan. ... A blank sheet of paper Paper is a commodity of thin material produced by the amalgamation of fibers, typically vegetable fibers composed of cellulose, which are subsequently held together by hydrogen bonding. ... A chemical substance is any material substance used in or obtained by a process in chemistry: A chemical compound is a substance consisting of two or more chemical elements that are chemically combined in fixed proportions. ... View of Shell Oil Refinery in Martinez, California. ... In the most general sense of the word, cement is a binder, a substance which sets and hardens independently, and can bind other materials together. ... Eminent domain (U.S.), compulsory purchase (United Kingdom, New Zealand, Ireland), resumption/compulsory acquisition (Australia) or expropriation (Canada, South Africa) in common law legal systems is the inherent power of the state to seize a citizens private property, expropriate private property, or rights in private property, without the owner... Night soil is a term most often used to describe the practice of using untreated human waste as fertilizer. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into underground economy. ... A famine is a social and economic crisis that is commonly accompanied by widespread malnutrition, starvation, epidemic and increased mortality. ... ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... American usage In the United States, the negative term carpetbagger was used to refer to a Northerner who traveled to the South after the American Civil War, through the late 1860s and the 1870s, during Reconstruction. ...

Many members of the mainland-dominated administration arrived on Taiwan with fresh images of their ravaged country and memories of Japanese atrocities on the mainland during Second Sino-Japanese War. As a result, anti-Japanese sentiment caused many to view the local Taiwanese who had been brought up and educated under the Japanese system as politically untrustworthy traitors. At the same time, many of the Taiwanese viewed mainlanders as being backwards and corrupt. Because the local Taiwanese elite had met some success with local self government under Japanese rule, they had expected the same treatment from the incoming Nationalist government. However, the Nationalists opted for a different route, aiming for the centralization of government powers and a reduction in local authority. The Nationalists' nation-building efforts went this way because of unpleasant experiences with the centrifugal forces during the Warlord Era that had torn the government on the mainland. The different goals between the Nationalists and the Taiwanese, coupled with cultural misunderstandings and governmental corruption served to further inflame tensions on both sides. The term Japanese war crimes refers to events which occurred during the period of Japanese imperialism from the late 19th to mid-20th centuries. ... Combatants Republic of China Empire of Japan Commanders Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Cheng, Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Li Zongren, Xue Yue, Mao Zedong, Peng Dehuai Fumimaro Konoe, Hideki Tojo, Matsui Iwane, Jiro Minami, Kesago Nakajima, Toshizo Nishio, Yasuji Okamura, Umezu Yoshijiro Strength 5,600,000 4,100,000 (including 900... Anti-Japanese sentiment in China is an issue with old roots. ... The warlord era represents the period in the history of the Republic of China from 1916 to 1928 when the country was divided by various military cliques. ...

Uprising and crackdown

The spark that set off the uprising occurred on February 27, 1947, when an agent of the government monopoly police attempted to confiscate black market cigarettes from an elderly Taiwanese woman, Lin Jian-Mai. She resisted and, as accounts allege, was then pistol-whipped by the agents. An angry crowd soon gathered around the agents and the woman. After a warning shot fired by one of the agents went astray and killed an onlooker, the crowd pursued the agents to a nearby police station. The crowd surrounded the building, and demanded that the officer be given to them. The captain refused and the anger of the crowd heightened when it was discovered that the agents had been spirited out of the building via a rear entrance. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... An ochlocracy from The Simpsons Ochlocracy (Greek: Î¿Ï‡Î»Î¿ÎºÏÎ±Ï„Î¯Î± or ohlokratÃa; Latin: ochlocratia) is government by mob or a mass of people, or the intimidation of constitutional authorities. ... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... To pistol whip someone means to hit a person with the butt or barrel of a handgun (pistol), typically in the head or shoulder area. ...

Violence finally flared the following morning on February 28. Security forces at the Governor-General's Office, using machine guns, fired on the unarmed demonstrators calling for the arrest and trial of the agents involved in the previous day's shooting, resulting in several deaths. ^[3] Formosans took over the administration of the town and military bases on March 4 and used the local radio station to caution against violence. ^[4] By evening, martial law had been declared and curfews were enforced by soldiers in trucks firing at anyone who violated curfew. February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 63rd day of the year (64th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

An American who had just arrived in China from Taihoku said that troops from the mainland arrived there on March 7 and indulged in three days of indiscriminate killing and looting. For a time everyone seen on the streets was shot at, homes were broken into and occupants killed. In the poorer sections the streets were said to have been littered with dead.

"There were instances of beheadings and mutilation of bodies, and women were raped," the American reported.^[5]

For several weeks after the February 28 Incident, the rebels held control of much of the island. Though the initial uprising was spontaneous and peaceful, within a few days the rebels were generally coordinated and organized, and public order in rebel-held areas was upheld by temporary police forces organized by local high school students. Local leaders soon formed a Settlement Committee which presented the government with a list of 32 Demands for reform of the provincial administration. They demanded, among other things, greater autonomy, free elections, surrender of ROC Army to Settlement Committee and an end to governmental corruption. Motivations among the various rebel groups varied, some demanded greater autonomy within the ROC, while others wanted UN trusteeship or full independence. Around the same time, many were reportedly considering an appeal to the United Nations to put the island under an international mandate, since ROC's possession of Taiwan had not yet been formally recognized by any international treaties.^[6] The Taiwanese also demanded representation in the forthcoming peace treaty negotiations with Japan, hoping to secure a plebiscite to determine the island's political future. A smaller subgroup including those that later formed the militia known as the "27 Brigade" (二七部隊), with their weapons looted from military bases in Taichung, were motivated by communist ideology. The Settlement Committee eventually settled upon the path of requesting greater autonomy, while stopping short of independence. This article needs cleanup. ... 27 Brigade (äºŒä¸ƒéƒ¨éšŠ) was a guerrilla force formed in Taichung, Taiwan, shortly after the outbreak of 228 Incident. ...

Feigning negotiation, the ROC authorities under Chen Yi stalled for time while assembling a large military force on the mainland in Fujian province. Upon arrival on March 8, the ROC troops launched a crackdown. By the end of March, Chen had jailed or killed all the leading rebels he could identify and catch. His troops reportedly executed (according to a Taiwanese delegation in Nanjing) between 3,000 and 4,000 people throughout the island. Chen Yi was later quoted by TIME magazine in April 7, 1947 as saying: "It took the Japs 51 years to dominate this island. I expect to take about five years to re-educate the people so they will be more happy with Chinese administration."^[7] Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Image File history File links 228_Massacre01. ... A machine gun is a fully-automatic firearm that is capable of firing bullets in rapid succession. ... The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ... is the 67th day of the year (68th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... (Chinese: å—äº¬; Romanizations: NÃ¡njÄ«ng (Pinyin), Nan-ching (Wade-Giles), Nanking (Postal map spelling)) is the capital of Chinas Jiangsu Province and a city with a prominent place in Chinese history and culture. ... A pocket watch, a device used to tell time Look up time in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ...

Some of the killings were random, while others were systematic. Local elites were among those targeted, and many of the Taiwanese who had formed home rule groups during the reign of the Japanese were also victims of the 228 Incident. A disproportionate number of the victims were also Taiwanese middle and high school age youths, as many of them had volunteered to serve in the temporary police forces that were organized by the Committee and the local town councils to maintain public order following the initial rebellion. Several sources have claimed that ROC troops were arresting and executing anyone wearing a student uniform.^{[citation needed]} Conversely, mainlanders were targeted by the rebels and many were killed. On both sides there were kind people. Some Taiwanese helped to hide the mainlanders who fled the attacks by the Taiwanese rebels who were in control of the island. Some even protected the mainlanders. Unfortunately, many of these Taiwanese were also killed by the rebels for helping out the mainlanders. During the violence many unlawful elements also merged with those protesting legitimate political demands.

The initial purge was followed by repression under one-party rule, in what was termed "white terror," which lasted until the end of martial law in 1987. Thousands of people, including both mainlanders and Taiwanese, were imprisoned or executed for their real or perceived dissent, leaving the Taiwanese victims among them with a deep-seated bitterness towards what they term the mainlander regime, and by extension, all mainlanders. It has been suggested that The White Terror (France) be merged into this article or section. ... Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ...

Since the lifting of martial law, the government has set up a civilian reparations fund supported by public donations for the victims and their families. However, only a few hundred have come forward to claim the money even though the deadline has been extended several times. This may be attributed to the fact that the incident has remained taboo in Taiwan until the lifting of martial law. As a result of this taboo, many descendants of victims remain unaware that their family members were victims, while many of the families of victims from the mainland have also never learned of their relatives' deaths.

Points of contention

Some say that as many as 30,000 Taiwanese died during the backlash^{[citation needed]}. Others claim, especially those in the pan-Blue political camp in Taiwan, that the majority of those killed were innocent civilians from the mainland^{[citation needed]}. The number of victims is still being researched. The government has recently declassified sensitive material that is aiding the investigation. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... Li Ao at Fayuansi, 2005 Li Ao (æŽæ•– pinyin LÇ Ão) (born April 25, 1935), is a writer, social commentator, historian, and politician in the Republic of China. ... George H. Kerr George H. Kerr (November 1911–August 27, 1992) was a United States diplomat during World War II. He was also known as 葛超智 in Taiwan. ...

Legacy

For several decades, the KMT-ruled government prohibited public discussion of the 228 Massacre and many children grew up without knowing this event had ever occurred. In the 1970s (still under a KMT-controlled government) the 228 Justice and Peace Movement was initiated by several citizens' groups to ask for a reversal of this policy, and, in 1992, the Executive Yuan promulgated the "February 28 Incident Research Report." Then-President and KMT-chairman Lee Teng-hui, who as a young communist participated in the incident, made a formal apology on behalf of the government in 1995 and declared February 28 a national holiday to commemorate the victims. Among other memorials erected, Taipei New Park was renamed 228 Memorial Park and the 228 Incident Memorial Foundation was established to compensate victims and their families. The families of the massacre victims have demanded the government declassify related documents in order to apprehend any living soldiers responsible for the incident, however the government has not yet acted on this request.^{[citation needed]} Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x960, 552 KB)This plaque was dedicated on 28 February 1998. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x960, 552 KB)This plaque was dedicated on 28 February 1998. ... The Executive Yuan (行政院; literally executive court) is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China. ... Lee Teng-hui (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) born January 15, 1923) is a politician of Taiwan. ... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Seen from Taipei New Park (1931). ...

Prior to the 228 Incident, many Taiwanese desired greater autonomy from mainland China but not outright independence. The failure of conclusive dialogue with the ROC administration in early March, combined with the feelings of betrayal felt towards the government and mainland China in general are widely believed to have catalyzed the Taiwan independence movement. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Later, the KMT-dominated government systematically lay down a social network as well as numerous rules to discriminate against local Taiwanese and ensure better social status for those considered "one of the kin members." Financial subsidies and unfair screening rules in schools as well as government departments further deepened the divide. This mechanism, along with KMT's dominance in military, academics and government system, has been silently but firmly building up an invisible "segregation," that continues to fule the simmering rivalry on this island.

On February 28, 2004, thousands of Taiwanese participated in the 228 Hand-in-Hand Rally. They formed a 500-kilometer (300-mile) long human chain, from Taiwan's northernmost city, Keelung, to its southern tip, to commemorate the 228 Incident, to call for peace, and to protest the People's Republic of China's deployment of missiles aimed at Taiwan along the mainland coast. The event was organized by the Pan-Green Coalition. Over two-million individuals were estimated to have participated. February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Chinese: 228百萬人手牽手護台灣; pinyin: 228 bǎi wàn rén shǒu qiān shǒu hù tái wān; meaning literally 228 one million people hand-in-hand to protect Taiwan) was a demonstration... The 228 Hand-in-Hand Rally human chain was 500-km long. ... Keelung City (Traditional Chinese: åŸºéš†; Hanyu Pinyin: JÄ«lÃ³ng; Tongyong Pinyin: JilÃ³ng; Wade-Giles: Chi-lung; POJ: Ke-lÃ¢ng) is a provincial city of Taiwan, Republic of China. ... It has been suggested that Guided missile be merged into this article or section. ... The Pan-Green Coalition (Traditional Chinese: æ³›ç¶ è¯ç›Ÿ; Simplified Chinese: æ³›ç»¿è”ç›Ÿ; pinyin: ) or Pan-Green Force (Traditional Chinese: æ³›ç¶ è»; Simplified Chinese: æ³›ç»¿å†›; pinyin: ), is an informal political alliance in early 21st century Taiwan, consisting of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), Taiwan Solidarity Union (TSU), and the minor Taiwan Independence Party (TAIP). ...

Many Pan-Blue Coalition supporters have criticized their political opponents for inciting hatred between the Chinese mainlanders and the native Taiwanese. Conversely, many Pan-Green Coalition supporters criticize their opponents of attempting to whitewash history, although it was a former KMT president (Lee Teng-hui) who apologized on behalf of the government and designated 2/28 as a memorial holiday. The Pan-Blue Coalition (Traditional Chinese: æ³›è—è¯ç›Ÿ; Simplified Chinese: æ³›è“è”ç›Ÿ; Hanyu Pinyin: ), or Pan-Blue Force (Traditional Chinese: æ³›è—è»; Simplified Chinese: æ³›è“å†›; Hanyu Pinyin: ), is a political coalition in Taiwan, consisting of the Kuomintang (KMT), the People First Party (PFP), and the smaller New Party (CNP). ... The Pan-Green Coalition (Traditional Chinese: æ³›ç¶ è¯ç›Ÿ; Simplified Chinese: æ³›ç»¿è”ç›Ÿ; pinyin: ) or Pan-Green Force (Traditional Chinese: æ³›ç¶ è»; Simplified Chinese: æ³›ç»¿å†›; pinyin: ), is an informal political alliance in early 21st century Taiwan, consisting of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), Taiwan Solidarity Union (TSU), and the minor Taiwan Independence Party (TAIP). ...

In 2007; a movie on the 228 Incident was announced called Formosa Betrayed; the movie is based on a book by the the American George H. Kerr. The movie is due to be released in 2008 Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... Formosa Betrayed is the title of a 2008 film currently in pre-production by Formosa Films. ... George H. Kerr George H. Kerr (November 1911–August 27, 1992) was a United States diplomat during World War II. He was also known as 葛超智 in Taiwan. ...

Contents

Background

Uprising and crackdown

Points of contention

Legacy

See also

References

External links

Contents

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Uprising and crackdown

Points of contention

Legacy

See also

References

External links

Background