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Hundred Schools of Thought - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (1129 words) |
 | Confucius (551–479 BCE), also called Kong Zi or Master Kong, looked to the early days of the Zhou dynasty for an ideal socio-political order. |
| Mencius (371–289 BCE), or Meng Zi, was a Confucian disciple who made major contributions to the spread of humanism in Confucian thought, declaring that man, by nature, was inherently good. |
| He argued that a ruler could not govern without the people's tacit consent, and that the penalty for unpopular, despotic rule was the loss of the "mandate of heaven". |
| Legalism (568 words) |
| 645 BCE), prime minister of the state of Ch'i, whose teachings are supposed to be represented by the Kuan-tzu. |
| Shang Yang was particularly important for the development of legalism since it was he who served as governor of the state of Ch'in and strengthened it to the extent that it was able to unify China in the following century. |
| In 207 BCE the Ch'in dynasty was overthrown and replaced by the Han dynasty, which favoured Confucianism. |
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