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romhist.html (1155 words) |
 | Third Punic War 149-146 BCE started because the Numidian king Masinissa provoked Carthage into a war not approved by Rome; Carthage was destroyed and razed by the Romans and Carthaginian territory became the Roman province of Africa. |
 | The Gracchi brothers (Tiberius and Gaius) began a reform movement to redistribute senatorial lands to the landless poor; Tiberius was slain in 133 BCE. |
 | In 31 BCE Octavian defeated Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in the East. |
| Pergamum Kingdom (1605 words) |
 | Due to a childhood injury, having have lost his manly powers, Philetaerus never got married and had no son, so decided to adopt his nephew Eumenes as his heir to the throne of his small kingdom that he was just building. |
 | Although Eumenes I (263-241 BCE), has never used the title of King, he is regarded as the first king in the line of Attalid dynasty who ruled the Pergamum Kingdom for five generations. |
 | Eumenes in alliance with Romans swept the Seleucid army at the battle of Magnesia in 190 BCE, and following the peace treaty of Apameia in 188 BCE, Pergamum was given a large portion of the lands ruled by the Seleucids earlier. |