The 4000 series is the general classification referring to the industry standard integrated circuits which implement a variety of logic functions using CMOS technology. They were introduced by RCA as CD4000 COS/MOS in 1968, as a lower power and more versatile alternative to the 7400 series of TTL logic chips.^[1] Almost all IC manufacturers active during the era fabricated chips from this series. RCA sometimes advertised the line as COSMOS, standing for Complimentary Symmetry Metal Oxide Semiconductor. An integrated circuit (IC) is a thin chip consisting of at least two interconnected semiconductor devices, mainly transistors, as well as passive components like resistors. ... A logic gate performs a logical operation on one or more logic inputs and produces a single logic output. ... Static CMOS Inverter Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) (see-moss, IPA: ), is a major class of integrated circuits. ... RCA, formerly an acronym for the Radio Corporation of America, is now a trademark owned by Thomson SA through RCA Trademark Management S.A., a company owned by Thomson. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the 1968 Gregorian calendar. ... The 7400 chip, containing four NANDs. ... A Motorola 68000-based computer with various TTL chips. ...

The CD4007 on a breadboard

Initially, the 4000 series was slower than the popular 7400 TTL chips, but had the advantage of much lower power consumption, the ability to operate over a much wider range of supply voltages (3V to 15V), and simpler circuit design due to the vastly increased fanout. However their slower speed (initially only capable of about 1 MHz operation, compared with TTL's 10 MHz) meant that their applications were limited to static or slow speed designs. Later, new fabrication technology largely overcame the speed problems, while retaining backward compatibility with most circuit designs. Although all semiconductors can be damaged by electrostatic discharge, the high impedance of CMOS inputs made them more susceptible than bipolar, TTL, devices. Eventually, the advantages of CMOS (especially the later series such as 74HC) edged out the older TTL chips, but at the same time ever increasing LSI techniques edged out the modular chip approach to design. The 4000 series is still widely available, but perhaps less important than it was two decades ago. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... A breadboard with a completed circuit A breadboard is a reusable solderless device used to build a (generally temporary) prototype of an electronic circuit and for experimenting with circuit designs. ... For delivered electrical power, see Electrical power industry. ... International safety symbol Caution, risk of electric shock (ISO 3864), colloquially known as high voltage symbol. ... An electronic circuit is an electrical circuit that also contains active electronic devices such as transistors or vacuum tubes. ... Fanout is a measure of the ability of a logic gate output, implemented electronically, to drive a number of inputs of other logic gates of the same type. ... MegaHertz (MHz) is the name given to one million (106) Hertz, a measure of frequency. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

The series was extended in the late 1970s and 1980s to include new types which implemented new or more greatly integrated functions, or were better versions of existing chips in the 4000 series. Most of these newer chips were given 45xx and 45xxx designations, but are usually still regarded by engineers as part of the 4000 series. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

In the 1990s, some manufacturers (e.g. Texas Instruments) ported the 4000 series to their 74HC / 74HCT series to make chips like the 74HCT4060 that offers the functionality of a 4060 IC but with the speed of the 74HCT chip. Texas Instruments (NYSE: TXN), better known in the electronics industry (and popularly) as TI, is an American company based in Dallas, Texas, USA, renowned for developing and commercializing semiconductor and computer technology. ...

Design considerations

The original 4000 series was available in two versions. The A series was unbuffered, while the B series featured buffered outputs. The buffered outputs were able to source or sink more current than the unbuffered outputs, thus eliminating the need for discrete switching transistors in some designs. The buffered versions were also faster, as the signal rise time through the buffer was faster than the unbuffered chip's output transistor^[2] In electronics, the slew rate is a nonlinear effect in amplifiers. ...

The 4000 series permits the use of "cookbook" design at least for slow design, where standard circuit elements can be created and shared, and connected to other circuits with few, if any, connection difficulties. This greatly speeds up the design of new hardware by reusing standard approaches to circuit design. In contrast, TTL circuits, while similarly modular, often required much more careful interfacing, since the limited fanout (and fan-in) required that the loading of each output be carefully considered. Some later TTL families, like 74LS reduce this problem with fanouts of 20. It is also much easier to prototype LSI designs using the 4000 series and get repeatable and transferrable results when moving to the more integrated design. A cookbook is a book that contains information on cooking, and a list of recipes. ... The 7400 chip, containing four NANDs. ...

Some care needed to be taken with the design of circuits using these chips. Many parts offered multiple gates in a single package. Using less than the complete number of gates was common, and an engineer who forgot to tie off the other gates would find the chip using too much current. The problem was caused by biasing in each gate. With the outputs disconnected, the gate would bias itself into a linear mode where the outputs were partially switched. This left the output buffer drawing a great deal of current, since it wasn't fully on or off.

Example common 4000 series chips

Main article: List of 4000 series integrated circuits

• 4000 - Dual 3-Input NOR Gate and Inverter
• 4001 - Quad 2-Input NOR Gate
• 4002 - Dual 4-Input NOR Gate OR Gate
• 4008 - 4-Bit Full Adder
• 4010 - hex non-inverting buffer
• 4011 - Quad 2-Input NAND Gate

List of the CMOS 4000 series Categories: | ... OR logic gate. ... In electronics, an adder is a device which will perform the addition, S, of two numbers. ... NAND Logic Gate The Sheffer stroke, |, is the negation of the conjunction operator. ...

Notable parts

A few parts are notable in the 4000 series because of their level of integration compared to other . This list is intentionally incomplete and is meant to provide a sample of the more interesting parts in the series.

4017 decade counter

The 4017 IC is a 16-pin CMOS decade counter from the 4000 series. It takes clock pulses from the clock input, and makes one of the ten outputs come on in sequence each time a clock pulse arrives. Static CMOS Inverter Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) (see-moss, IPA: ), is a major class of integrated circuits. ... In general, a counter is a device which stores (and sometimes displays) the number of times a particular event or process has occurred, often in relationship to a clock signal. ...

Pinout

Image File history File links 4017-chip. ...

Example: Electronic Roulette

Electronic Roulette circuit diagram.

The circuit diagram on the right shows how to create a game of roulette using the 4017 decade counter and various other electronic parts. The switch stops the roulette, and the resistor adjusts the spin speed. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 534 pixelsFull resolution (861 × 575 pixel, file size: 31 KB, MIME type: image/png) Created by Adam Munich Adam Munich- Goog. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 534 pixelsFull resolution (861 × 575 pixel, file size: 31 KB, MIME type: image/png) Created by Adam Munich Adam Munich- Goog. ... The circuit diagram for a 4 bit TTL counter, a type of state machine A circuit diagram (also known as an electrical diagram, elementary diagram, or electronic schematic) is a simplified conventional pictorial representation of an electrical circuit. ... Roulette. ...

(Warning: Assembling this circuit requires knowledge of soldering and how to read circuit diagrams. Errors in the diagram, or made by the assembler may damage the integrated circuit). (De)soldering a contact from a wire. ...

4026 counter and display decoder

The 4026 IC is a 16-pin CMOS seven-segment counter from the 4000 series. It counts clock pulses and returns the output in a form which can be displayed on a seven-segment display. This avoids using a binary-coded decimal to seven-segment decoder, but it can only be used to display the (decimal) digits 0-9. Static CMOS Inverter Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) (see-moss, IPA: ), is a major class of integrated circuits. ... In general, a counter is a device which stores (and sometimes displays) the number of times a particular event or process has occurred, often in relationship to a clock signal. ... A seven-segment display (abbreviation: 7-seg(ment) display), less commonly known as a seven-segment indicator, is a form of display device that is an alternative to the more complex dot-matrix displays. ...

Pinout

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

4511 BCD to seven-segment decoder

The 4511 IC is a 16-pin CMOS BCD to seven-segment decoder from the 4000 series. It takes the binary-coded decimal from a binary counter and decodes it to drive a seven-segment display. Static CMOS Inverter Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) (see-moss, IPA: ), is a major class of integrated circuits. ... In computing and electronic systems, Binary-coded decimal (BCD) is an encoding for decimal numbers in which each digit is represented by its own binary sequence. ... A seven-segment display (abbreviation: 7-seg(ment) display), less commonly known as a seven-segment indicator, is a form of display device that is an alternative to the more complex dot-matrix displays. ...

Pinout

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

See also

• List of 4000 series integrated circuits
• 7400 series
• List of 7400 series integrated circuits
• Logic gate

List of the CMOS 4000 series Categories: | ... The 7400 chip, containing four NANDs. ... List of 7400 series TTL integrated circuits: 7400: Quad 2-input NAND Gate 7401: Quad 2-input NAND Gate with Open Collector Outputs 7402: Quad 2-input NOR Gate 7403: Quad 2-input NAND Gate with Open Collector Outputs (different pinout than 7401) 7404: Hex Inverter 7405: Hex Inverter with... A logic gate performs a logical operation on one or more logic inputs and produces a single logic output. ...

References

External links

• List of 4000 series ICs manufactured by NXP Semiconductors
• Thorough list of 4000 series ICs
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