NationMaster - Encyclopedia: 407 ETR

Highway 407, officially called the 407 Express Toll Route (ETR), is a pay-per-use freeway located in south-central Ontario, Canada's Greater Toronto Area. It begins at the junction of the Queen Elizabeth Way and Highway 403 in Burlington (just outside Hamilton) and travels 108 km across the surrounding cities of Toronto to end at Highway 7 and Brock Road (Durham Regional Road 1) in Pickering. Plans are currently underway to extend the highway further east through Durham Region, eventually ending at the junction of Highway 35 in Orono. File links The following pages link to this file: 407 ETR ... High-capacity freeway interchange in Los Angeles, California. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Other Canadian provinces and territories Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Area 1,076,395 kmÂ² (4th) â€¢ Land 917,741 kmÂ² â€¢ Water 158,654 kmÂ² (14. ... The Greater Toronto Area (called the GTA by local residents) is the largest metropolitan area in Canada and is centred around the fifth largest city in North America, Toronto, after Mexico City, New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago. ... The Queen Elizabeth Way as part of the 400-series network The Queen Elizabeth Way (commonly referred to as the QEW, Q, QE, or Queen-E) is a vital freeway linking Buffalo, New York and the Niagara Peninsula with Toronto and its western suburbs. ... Highway 403 as part of the 400-series network Highway 403 is a 400-Series Highway in Ontario, Canada that extends 126 km (78. ... Burlington (2001 population 150,836)[1] is located in the Golden Horseshoe, across the Lake Ontario and Burlington Bay harbour from Hamilton, in Halton Region, Ontario, Canada. ... Motto: Together Aspire - Together Achieve Area: 1,117. ... Motto: Diversity Our Strength Map of Ontario Counties, Toronto being red Area: 641 sq. ... Ontario provincial highway 7 is one of the Kings Highways in the province of Ontario, Canada. ... Pickering (2003 population approximately 92,000) is (as of 2003) a city located east of Toronto in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. ... The Regional Municipality of Durham, commonly called Durham Region (2003 population 525,000), is a regional political area located east of Toronto, Ontario. ... Orono is a small town in Ontario, Canada. ...

Highway 407 was designed as a bypass of Highway 401, the main trunk route though Southern Ontario and the world's busiest highway with well over 500,000 average daily trips on a section between Highway 427 and Highway 404. Major freeway junctions are located at (from west to east) the Queen Elizabeth Way, Highway 403, Highway 401, Highway 410, Highway 427, Highway 400 and Highway 404. Other major street junctions include Bronte Road (Halton Regional Road 25), Hurontario Street, Highway 27, Yonge Street and Markham Road (Highway 48). Overall there are 40 different junctions on Highway 407 connecting the toll road with the main transportation network in the Greater Toronto Area. Download high resolution version (971x611, 22 KB) Route Map, Highway 407 File links The following pages link to this file: 407 ETR Categories: User-created public domain images ... Download high resolution version (971x611, 22 KB) Route Map, Highway 407 File links The following pages link to this file: 407 ETR Categories: User-created public domain images ... The Queen Elizabeth Way as part of the 400-series network The Queen Elizabeth Way (commonly referred to as the QEW, Q, QE, or Queen-E) is a vital freeway linking Buffalo, New York and the Niagara Peninsula with Toronto and its western suburbs. ... Halton Regional Municipality, or Halton Region, is located in Ontario, Canada, and is a part of the Greater Toronto Area. ... Yonge Street (pronounced young), located in Ontario, Canada, is a major arterial street in Toronto and a provincial highway. ...

Unique characteristics

The 407 uses a system of cameras and transponders to toll vehicles automatically. There are no toll booths, allowing the 407 to be designed as a normal freeway with interchanges. A radio antenna detects when a vehicle with a transponder has entered and exited the highway, calculating the toll rate. For vehicles without a transponder, an automatic number plate recognition system is used. Monthly statements are mailed to users. The name Express Toll Route (ETR) is used since there are no toll booths to stop at. The 407 is the world's first highway to feature this system throughout. Unlike traditional toll booths where motorists have to pay to enter/exit the road, 407 has no way of compelling drivers to pay other than through collection agencies. The Ontario government would suspend driver licenses for unpaid 407 bills but this practice was suspended in 2000 after 407 sent out incorrect bills, often to non-users. Image File history File links Highway 407 through north Oakville. ... Image File history File links Highway 407 through north Oakville. ... In telecommunication, the term transponder (sometimes abbreviated to XPDR or TPDR) has the following meanings: An automatic device that receives, amplifies, and retransmits a signal on a different frequency. ... The system must be able to deal with different styles of licence plates Automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) is a mass surveillance method that uses optical character recognition on images to read the licence plates on vehicles. ...

Safety Concerns

The original section of Highway 407, between Highway 410 and Highway 404, is one of the better-designed freeways in the Province of Ontario due to its recent design. Because of its wide median, it has the capacity to be expanded from six to ten lanes without having to reconstruct existing bridges and interchanges. Braided ramps were used to avoid weaving when there were closely spaced interchanges. The high-capacity junction with Highway 400 is considered one of the best designed interchanges as it is the only full 4-level stack in Ontario.

When the freeway was opened in 1997, many critics complained that it had skimped on safety features to save money. The 4-way interchanges with Highway 410, Highway 427, and Highway 404 were intended to be 4-level stack interchanges but they were reduced to 3-level stack/cloverleaf junctions, with low capacity loop ramps serving freeway-to-freeway traffic. Experts were also concerned about the decreased loop ramp radii and a lack of protective guardrail at sharp curves. The lack of a concrete median barrier separating the carriageways has also been a worry, but it was argued that the large grass median separating the carriageways was sufficient to prevent cross-over collisions.

Inadequate signage leading to 407 has been criticized for being misleading; with motorists incurring bills for accidentally driving onto the 407 and as a result there have been several serious collisions when motorists realized 407's status as a toll road and tried to back out of (one-way) ramps. Further controversy has centered on the westward extension from Mississauga to Burlington; despite the majority of traffic not using that section of Highway 407, the interchanges at the ends are nonetheless designed with that segment as the mainline through traffic. While this design would have been well-suited to the original design which was intended to be used for an extension of Highway 403, this no longer applied when it was redesignated 407 and the private owners merely recycled original designs. Because most current Ontario freeways are designed with right-hand exits (while through traffic stays on the left), left-hand exits to the 407 have caused a great deal of confusion with cases of drivers unintentionally driving onto 407 from eastbound 403. External links Detailed History of Highway 403 Detailed Route Information for Highway 403 Categories: Stub | Ontario provincial highways ...

Since the sale of the highway, there has been a noticeable decrease in design standards, including straight-sided overpass structures (rather than the sloped design common on most provincial highways), the conversion of dual exit lanes to a exit lane and an additional travel lane in Mississauga rather than paying to widen the carriageway and maintaining two exit lanes, the reduction of the central median and the use of temporary concrete barriers rather than maintaining the median width, and the use of asphalt paving rather than concrete on the Burlington to Mississauga and Markham to Pickering sections. Due to the highway now being owned by a private corporation, the provincial government has no control over design standards.

The 407 is not a government-owned highway, though it does operate under a leasing agreement with the government. A 99-year lease to was sold by the provincial government to 407 ETR International Incorporated for approximately 3.1 billion Canadian dollars in 1999. Highway 407 is believed to be the first financially successful privately-owned toll road in North America. The Canadian dollar, CAD or C$, is the unit of currency of Canada. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America North America is a continent in the northern hemisphere bordered on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the east by the North Atlantic Ocean, on the south by the Caribbean Sea, and on the west by the...

Plate denial

Following a judicial decision by the Ontario Divisional Court on November 7, 2005, the Ontario Registrar of Motor Vehicles was compelled to begin denying the validation or issue of vehicle permits for 407 ETR users who have failed to pay owed fees for at least 125 days. The Ministry of Transportation is currently reviewing an appeal. On November 7, Transportation Minister Harinder Takhar said in a press release, "That is very serious... when it occurs through no fault of their own, but because the 407 ETR electronic system made a mistake." [1] 407 ETR's solution to the possible plate recognition errors is the dispute process. The process allows the accused party the opportunity to take a dispute to an independent arbitrator selected by the Ontario government. A sample standard-issue California license plate. ... Harinder Jeet Singh Takhar is a politician in Ontario, Canada. ... Arbitration, in the context of law, is a form of alternative dispute resolution â€” specifically, a legal alternative to litigation whereby the parties to a dispute agree to submit their respective positions (through agreement or hearing) to a neutral third party (the arbitrator(s) or arbiter(s)) for resolution. ...

Previously in February 2000, the Ontario government would suspend driver licenses for unpaid 407 bills however this practice was quickly suspended after 407 ETR sent out many incorrect bills, often to non-users. Driving licences within the European Union are subdivided into different categories. ...

History

Highway 407 was the eighth 400-Series Highway planned for Ontario, to serve as a bypass of Highway 401 through Toronto and to serve as a major east-west corridor across the sprawling suburbs to the north of the city. Land adjacent to a hydro corridor was acquired for Highway 407 in the 1960s but it sat vacant for almost thirty years, because the Ontario government opted instead to widen Highway 401 to a 12-lane collector-express system. The Highway 401 expansion project was considered a success and construction of Highway 407 was put on hold until 1987. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with List of Ontario expressways. ... It has been suggested that Suburbia be merged into this article or section. ...

The first sections were completed as temporary routings for Highway 403 in Mississauga and Oakville. The next phase to begin construction was a short connector between Highway 427 and Highway 400, and the upgrading of Highway 7 through Richmond Hill to a six-lane grade-separated expressway, which although originally planned to become incorporated into the 407 routing, today runs parallel to the highway. In addition, cross-street overpasses and ramps for the interchange connections to Highway 427 and Highway 400, and modifications to accommodate the highway at the Highway 403/QEW interchange, were constructed by the Ministry of Transportation in the early 1990s. To construct the highway more quickly and to save much-needed provincial funds during an economic recession, the provincial government resorted to a public-private partnership to facilitate construction of the highway. Two firms bid on the project, with Canadian Highways International Corporation being selected as the operator of the highway. Financing for the highway would be paid by user tolls lasting 35 years, after which it would return to the provincial system as a typical, un-tolled 400-Series Highway. The highway opened in 1997, and highway cost roughly $1.6 billion. External links Detailed History of Highway 403 Detailed Route Information for Highway 403 Categories: Stub | Ontario provincial highways ... {{Hide = {{{Disable Motto Link}}}}} Motto: {{Unhide = {{{Disable Motto Link}}}}} Pride in our past, Faith in our future City of Mississauga, Ontario, Canada location. ... Oakville (2001 population 164,738) is a town on Lake Ontario in southern Ontario, Canada, midway between Toronto (about 31 km away) and Hamilton (about 20 km away). ... Highway 427 as part of the 400-series network Highway 427 is an 400-Series Highway in the Greater Toronto Area of Ontario, Canada, that runs from immediately south of the Queen Elizabeth Way/Gardiner Expressway (its exact southern terminus is Evans Avenue) in Toronto to Highway 7 in the... Highway 400 as part of the 400-series network Highway 400, known previously as the Toronto-Barrie Highway, is a key north-south route linking Toronto to Central and Northern Ontario. ... Ontario provincial highway 7 is one of the Kings Highways in the province of Ontario, Canada. ... Richmond Hill (population 159,864 as of June 30, 2004) is a town in York Region north of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... A recession is usually defined in macroeconomics as a fall of a countrys real Gross Domestic Product in two or more successive quarters of a year. ... Public-private partnership (PPP) is a variation of privatization in which elements of a service previously run solely by the public sector are provided through a partnership between the government and one or more private sector companies. ... The Canadian dollar, CAD or C$, is the unit of currency of Canada. ...

As part of a controversial plan to finance revenue for tax cuts, the highway was sold to a conglomerate of private companies in 1999 for $3.1 billion. The deal included an unprecedented 99-year lease agreement, unlimited control of the highway and its tolls, as well as a clause protecting the corporation from any competition, not the least of which includes a ban on construction of any nearby provincial highways that may reduce toll revenue. When purchased, the highway ran from the junction of Highway 403 in Mississauga to Markham Road in Markham. Extensions westward to the Queen Elizabeth Way and eastward to Highway 7 and Brock Road in Pickering were constructed by the corporation, as mandated in the lease agreement. Both of these extensions were not part of the original Highway 407 plans, rather, these protected corridors were to be future, non-tolled 400-Series highways. The westward extension from Highway 403 in Mississauga to the Queen Elizabeth Way in Burlington was initially intended to be part of Highway 403. External links Detailed History of Highway 403 Detailed Route Information for Highway 403 Categories: Stub | Ontario provincial highways ... Markham is a town in York Region, directly north of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... The Queen Elizabeth Way as part of the 400-series network The Queen Elizabeth Way (commonly referred to as the QEW, Q, QE, or Queen-E) is a vital freeway linking Buffalo, New York and the Niagara Peninsula with Toronto and its western suburbs. ... Ontario provincial highway 7 is one of the Kings Highways in the province of Ontario, Canada. ... Pickering (2003 population approximately 92,000) is (as of 2003) a city located east of Toronto in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. ... External links Detailed History of Highway 403 Detailed Route Information for Highway 403 Categories: Stub | Ontario provincial highways ... The Queen Elizabeth Way as part of the 400-series network The Queen Elizabeth Way (commonly referred to as the QEW, Q, QE, or Queen-E) is a vital freeway linking Buffalo, New York and the Niagara Peninsula with Toronto and its western suburbs. ... External links Detailed History of Highway 403 Detailed Route Information for Highway 403 Categories: Stub | Ontario provincial highways ...

Today, the highway is valued at over $10 billion, and the Progressive Conservative party has been heavily criticized for the poor terms of sale including underestimating the value of the road. Many "905ers" in the rapidly growing Greater Toronto Area who had been expecting to be served by a much-needed non-tolled Highway 407 consider its sale and skyrocketing toll rates a sellout and this significantly eroded the Conservative's formerly strong support base in that region. The CAA considered the 407 contract a fiasco and adopted a platform where they would not support the tolling of any new or existing highways. Even though the succeeding Liberal government have been unsuccessful in their attempts at legal action against the 407 ETR operators, the contract still reflected badly upon the opposition Conservatives who defended it. Current Conservative leader John Tory has distanced himself from his predecessors on this issue and has said that he would not have sold Highway 407 if he had been Premier. The Ontario Progressive Conservative Party (PC Party of Ontario, also known as Tories) is a right-of-centre political party in Ontario, Canada. ... The Greater Toronto Area (called the GTA by local residents) is the largest metropolitan area in Canada and is centred around the fifth largest city in North America, Toronto, after Mexico City, New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago. ... The Canadian Automobile Association (or CAA) is affiliated with the American Automobile Association. ... The Ontario Liberal Party is a centrist provincial political party in the province of Ontario, Canada. ... John Tory John Tory, LL.B , BA (born May 28, 1954) is a Canadian businessman and leader of the Ontario Progressive Conservative Party. ...

The company, known as 407/ETR International Incorporated is 30% owned by the Australian Macquarie Infrastructure Group, one of the largest private developers of toll roads in the world. The company is also owned by Spanish and Quebec-based companies. Macquarie Bank Limited is an Australian merchant bank and financial services group, providing a broad range of services to businesses individuals. ...

Future of the 407

Recently, the Ontario provincial government has quarrelled with 407 ETR over toll rates and customer service. On February 2, 2004, the government delivered notice to 407 ETR that they are considered to be in default of their contract because of 407 ETR's decision to raise toll rates without first obtaining the government's permission. The court's initial decision sided with 407 ETR: on July 10, 2004, an independent arbitrator affirmed that 407 ETR has the ability to raise toll rates without first consulting the government. The government filed an appeal of this decision but was overruled by a Ontario Superior Court decision released on January 6, 2005; however, a subsequent ruling by the Ontario Court of Appeal on June 13, 2005 granted the government permission to appeal the decision. Legal troubles have placed future eastward extensions of the highway on hold, and it is unknown when construction may begin. February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 10 is the 191st day (192nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 174 days remaining. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... // Superior Court of Justice (Ontario) The Superior Court of Justice for Ontario, Canada is the successor to the former Ontario Court of Justice (General Division), and was created on April 19, 1999. ... January 6 is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 13 is the 164th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (165th in leap years), with 201 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The rising toll rates have made Highway 407 more of a "luxury" rather than a bypass on existing congested roads as it was initially intended. Parallel roads that Highway 407 would have supplemented ending up continued to grow congested just a few years after Highway 407 opened. As a result, the Ontario government had to revisit costly widening projects of Highway 401 and the QEW. Demographics showed that mostly businessmen and professionals used Highway 407 because they were able to write off the tolls as expenses.

Most controversial is the billing practice where Highway 407 ETR operators are infamous in their harassment of customers to pay bills, even in cases where the bill is incorrect or has not been incurred (bills have been sent to Northern Ontario and even Scotland, despite the recipients never hearing of Highway 407 ETR). As a result of the potential for error in billing, the Ontario government no longer suspends driver licenses for unpaid 407 bills since 2000 and this is unlikely to be reinstated given continual legal problems. Unfortunately, this means that tolls are unable to be collected 100% of the time since certain deadbeat drivers continue to use 407 despite not paying bills. Critics of the privatization of 407 complain that the operators use these tactics as a means of gouging money illegally from consumers in order to make up for such deadbeat drivers.

Tolls

The base toll, as of 7 February 2005, for vehicles under 5,000 kg is 14.95 cents/km during peak hours (6am-10am and 3pm-7pm weekdays) and 14.10 cents/km during other hours. Heavy vehicles pay twice the auto toll, or three times if towing a trailer. February 7 is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Additionally, there is a $2/month charge for the transponder, with a 15% discount if paid on an annual basis, and a 50% discount for the second and additional transponders on an account.

Autos without transponders are charged $2 for each month with activity, plus a $3.45 surcharge per trip. For heavy vehicles, transponders are mandatory, with their absence punishable both as a traffic offence and by a $50 per trip surcharge.

Lane configurations from west to east

The Queen Elizabeth Way as part of the 400-series network The Queen Elizabeth Way (commonly referred to as the QEW, Q, QE, or Queen-E) is a vital freeway linking Buffalo, New York and the Niagara Peninsula with Toronto and its western suburbs. ... External links Detailed History of Highway 403 Detailed Route Information for Highway 403 Categories: Stub | Ontario provincial highways ... This article is about the Ontario 400-series highway. ... Highway 427 as part of the 400-series network Highway 427 is an 400-Series Highway in the Greater Toronto Area of Ontario, Canada, that runs from immediately south of the Queen Elizabeth Way/Gardiner Expressway (its exact southern terminus is Evans Avenue) in Toronto to Highway 7 in the... Highway 400 as part of the 400-series network Highway 400, known previously as the Toronto-Barrie Highway, is a key north-south route linking Toronto to Central and Northern Ontario. ... Highway 404 as part of the 400-series network Highway 404 is an Ontario 400-Series Highway that runs from the junction of Highway 401 and the Don Valley Parkway in Toronto to its northern terminus at Green Lane/Herald Road in Newmarket. ... Ontario provincial highway 7 is one of the Kings Highways in the province of Ontario, Canada. ...

Interchanges from west to east

Burlington (2001 population 150,836)[1] is located in the Golden Horseshoe, across the Lake Ontario and Burlington Bay harbour from Hamilton, in Halton Region, Ontario, Canada. ... External links Detailed History of Highway 403 Detailed Route Information for Highway 403 Categories: Stub | Ontario provincial highways ... The Queen Elizabeth Way as part of the 400-series network The Queen Elizabeth Way (commonly referred to as the QEW, Q, QE, or Queen-E) is a vital freeway linking Buffalo, New York and the Niagara Peninsula with Toronto and its western suburbs. ... Dundas Street showing the 506 Carlton Streetcar (the 505 Dundas Street streetcar also runs along Dundas), with Art Gallery of Ontario (AGO) in background. ... Oakville (2001 population 164,738) is a town on Lake Ontario in southern Ontario, Canada, midway between Toronto (about 31 km away) and Hamilton (about 20 km away). ... Milton (2004 population 47,500) is a town in southern Ontario, Canada, about 40 km west of Toronto on Highway 401, and is the western terminus for GO Transits Milton Line commuter train and bus corridor. ... {{Hide = {{{Disable Motto Link}}}}} Motto: {{Unhide = {{{Disable Motto Link}}}}} Pride in our past, Faith in our future City of Mississauga, Ontario, Canada location. ... External links Detailed History of Highway 403 Detailed Route Information for Highway 403 Categories: Stub | Ontario provincial highways ... Halton Hills (2002 population 47,600) is a town in Halton Regional Municipality, west of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... This article is about the Ontario 400-series highway. ... Motto: Welcomes you Area: 266. ... Hurontario Street is a roadway running in Ontario Canada between Lake Ontario at Port Credit and Lake Huron at Collingwood. ... Categories: Stub | Ontario provincial highways ... Airport Road is a major thouroughfare in Ontario, Canada especially in the Greater Toronto Area. ... Vaughan (2001 population 182,022)[1] is a city in York Region north of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... Highway 427 as part of the 400-series network Highway 427 is an 400-Series Highway in the Greater Toronto Area of Ontario, Canada, that runs from immediately south of the Queen Elizabeth Way/Gardiner Expressway (its exact southern terminus is Evans Avenue) in Toronto to Highway 7 in the... Kings Highway 27 was a kings highway that ran from Highway 2, the Lakeshore Road from Long Branch, Ontario (Etobicoke Township) to Penetanguishene on Georgian Bay in Ontario. ... Weston Road is a north-south street in west end Toronto. ... Highway 400 as part of the 400-series network Highway 400, known previously as the Toronto-Barrie Highway, is a key north-south route linking Toronto to Central and Northern Ontario. ... Jane Street is a north-south route in west-end Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... Keele Street - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Dufferin Street is a north-south route in Toronto. ... Bathurst Street is a north south thoroughfare in the city of Toronto, Ontario and into York Region. ... Richmond Hill (population 159,864 as of June 30, 2004) is a town in York Region north of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... Markham is a town in York Region, directly north of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... Yonge Street (pronounced young), located in Ontario, Canada, is a major arterial street in Toronto and a provincial highway. ... Bayview Avenue is a major north-south route in Toronto, Ontario. ... Leslie Street is a north-south route in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... Highway 404 as part of the 400-series network Highway 404 is an Ontario 400-Series Highway that runs from the junction of Highway 401 and the Don Valley Parkway in Toronto to its northern terminus at Green Lane/Herald Road in Newmarket. ... Woodbine Avenue is a north south route in Toronto and Markham. ... Kennedy Road is a north-south street in Scarborough, Ontario, which is part of Toronto. ... McCowan Road is a north-south street in Scarborough in the City of Toronto, and in York Region in Markham, Whitchurch-Stouffville, East Gwillimbury, and Georgina . ... Ontario provincial highway 48, or Kings Highway 48, was a secondary highway that ran from Scarborough to south-eastern edge of Lake Simcoe. ... Pickering (2003 population approximately 92,000) is (as of 2003) a city located east of Toronto in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. ... Pickering Airport is a proposed international airport for Pickering, Ontario, Canada, east of Toronto. ... Ontario provincial highway 7 is one of the Kings Highways in the province of Ontario, Canada. ...

Future 407 East Interchanges from West to East (exit numbers assumed)

Whitby (2004 population 110,000) is a town located east of Toronto on the north shore of Lake Ontario, and is the seat of Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. ... Oshawa (2004 population 150,000, metropolitan population 296,298) is a city on Lake Ontario located 56 kilometres east of downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... Clarington (2001 population 69,834) is a town on Lake Ontario east of Toronto, Ontario, Canada in the Durham Region. ... Ontario Provincial Highway #115 is a provincially maintained highway in Central Ontario, Canada. ...

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