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433 Eros Discovery A Discoverer Carl Gustav Witt Discovery date August 13, 1898 Alternate designations 1898 DQ; 1956 PC B Category Near-Earth, Mars-crosser asteroid Orbital elements C Epoch October 22, 2004 (JD 2453300.5) Eccentricity (e) 0.223 Semi-major axis (a) 218.155 Gm (1.458 AU) Perihelion (q) 169.548 Gm (1.133 AU) Aphelion (Q) 266.762 Gm (1.783 AU) Orbital period (P) 643.219 d (1.76 a) Mean orbital speed 24.36 km/s Inclination (i) 10.829° Longitude of the ascending node (Ω) 304.401° Argument of perihelion (ω) 178.664° Mean anomaly (M) 320.215° Physical characteristics D Dimensions 13×13×33 km Mass 7.2×1015 kg Density 2.4 g/cm³ Surface gravity 0.0059 m/s² Escape velocity 0.0103 km/s Rotation period 0.2194 d (5 h 16 min) Spectral class S Absolute magnitude 11.16 Albedo 0.16 Mean surface temperature ~227 K The asteroid 433 Eros (eer'-os) was named after the Greek god of love Eros. It is an S-type asteroid approximately 13 × 13 × 33 km in size, the second-largest near-Earth asteroid. It is also a Mars-crosser asteroid. Carl Gustav Witt (October 29, 1866 – January 3, 1946) was a German astronomer. ... August 13 is the 225th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (226th in leap years), with 140 days remaining. ... 1898 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The provisional designation of comets and asteroids are similar to each other: they both follow a pattern set in 1925 by the Minor Planet Center of the IAU. Historical designations At first, astronomers strove to assign symbols to the minor planets: 1 Ceres a stylized sickle 2 Pallas a lozenge... Minor planets, or planetoids are minor bodies of the Solar system orbiting the Sun (or of other planetary systems orbiting other stars) that are larger than meteoroids (the largest of which might be taken to be around 10 meters or so across) but smaller than major planets (Mercury having a... Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) are asteroids whose orbit intersects Earths orbit and which may therefore pose a collision danger, as well as being most easily accessible for spacecraft from Earth. ... A Mars-crosser asteroid is an asteroid whose orbit crosses that of Mars. ... In astronomy, an epoch is a moment in time for which celestial coordinates or orbital elements are specified. ... October 22 is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 70 days remaining. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Julian day or Julian day number (JDN) is the number of days that have elapsed since 12 noon Greenwich Mean Time (UT or TT) on Monday, January 1, 4713 BC in the proleptic Julian calendar . ... In astrodynamics, under standard assumptions any orbit must be of conic section shape. ... In geometry, the semi-major axis (also semimajor axis) a applies to ellipses and hyperbolas. ... Giga (symbol: G) is a prefix in the SI system of units denoting 109, or 1 000 000 000. ... The metre (Commonwealth English) or meter (American English) (symbol: m) is the SI base unit of length. ... The astronomical unit (AU or au or a. ... This article is about several astronomical terms (apogee & perigee, aphelion & perihelion, generic equivalents based on apsis, and related but rarer terms. ... This article is about several astronomical terms (apogee & perigee, aphelion & perihelion, generic equivalents based on apsis, and related but rarer terms. ... The orbital period is the time it takes a planet (or another object) to make one full orbit. ... A day (symbol: d) is a unit of time equal to 24 hours. ... In astronomy, a Julian year is a unit of time defined as exactly 365. ... The orbital speed of a body, generally a planet, a natural satellite, an artificial satellite, or a multiple star, is the speed at which it orbits around the barycenter of a system, usually around a more massive body. ... Look up Second in Wiktionary, the free dictionary The second (symbol: s) is the SI base unit of time. ... Inclination is one of the six orbital parameters describing the shape and orientation of a celestial orbit and is the angular distance of the orbital plane from the plane of the reference (usually planets equator or the ecliptic), stated in degrees. ... A degree (in full, a degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree), usually symbolized °, is a measurement of plane angle, representing 1／360 of a full rotation. ... The Longitude of the ascending node () is one of the orbital elements used to specify the orbit of an object in space. ... The argument of the perihelion is one of the orbital elements describing the orbit of a planet. ... In the study of orbital dynamics the mean anomaly is a measure of time, specific to the orbiting body p, which is a multiple of 2π radians at and only at periapsis. ... For the majority of numbered asteroids, almost nothing is known apart from a few physical parameters. ... A kilometre (American spelling: kilometer), symbol: km is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1000 metres (from the Greek words χίλια (khilia) = thousand and μέτρο (metro) = count/measure). ... Mass is a property of physical objects that, roughly speaking, measures the amount of matter they contain. ... The international prototype, made of platinum-iridium, which is kept at the BIPM under conditions specified by the 1st CGPM in 1889. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... A cubic centimetre (cm3) is an SI derived unit of volume, equal to the volume of a cube with side length of 1 centi metre. ... Gravity is the force of attraction between massive particles. ... In physics, for a given gravitational field and a given position, the escape velocity is the minimum speed an object without propulsion, at that position, needs to have to move away indefinitely from the source of the field, as opposed to falling back or staying in an orbit within a... In astronomy, a rotation period is the time an astronomical object takes to complete one revolution around its rotation axis. ... Asteroids are assigned a type based on spectral shape, color, and sometimes albedo. ... Approximately 17% of all known asteroids are of an S-type (for stony) composition. ... In astronomy, absolute magnitude is the apparent magnitude, m, an object would have if it were at a standardized distance away. ... The albedo is a measure of reflectivity of a surface or body. ... Temperature is the physical property of a system which underlies the common notions of hot and cold; the material with the higher temperature is said to be hotter. ... The kelvin (symbol: K) is the SI unit of temperature, and is one of the seven SI base units. ... An asteroid is a small, solid object in our Solar System, orbiting the Sun. ... Greek mythology comprises the collected narratives of Greek gods, goddesses, heroes, and heroines, originally created and spread within an oral-poetic tradition. ... Eros God and symbol of love since antiquity Love has several different meanings in English, from something that gives a little pleasure (I loved that meal) to something one would die for (patriotism, pairbonding). ... In Greek mythology, Eros was the god responsible for lust, love, and sex; he was also worshipped as a fertility deity. ... Approximately 17% of all known asteroids are of an S-type (for stony) composition. ... Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) are asteroids whose orbit intersects Earths orbit and which may therefore pose a collision danger, as well as being most easily accessible for spacecraft from Earth. ... A Mars-crosser asteroid is an asteroid whose orbit crosses that of Mars. ... This picture of Eros shows the view looking from one end of the asteroid across the gouge on its underside and toward the opposite end. Eros was visited by the NEAR Shoemaker probe, which orbited it, taking extensive photographs of its surface, and then, on February 12, 2001 at the end of its mission, landed on the asteroid's surface using only its maneuvering jets. Download high resolution version (1024x691, 68 KB)This picture of Eros, taken on February 14, 2000, shows the view looking from one end of the asteroid across the gouge on its underside and toward the opposite end. ... Download high resolution version (1024x691, 68 KB)This picture of Eros, taken on February 14, 2000, shows the view looking from one end of the asteroid across the gouge on its underside and toward the opposite end. ... Near Earth Asteroid Eros as seen from the NEAR spacecraft. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... Contents 1 Physical characteristics 2 Legal controversy 3 Aspects 4 Eros in fiction 5 See also 6 References 7 External links Physical characteristics Surface gravity depends on the distance from a spot on the surface to the center of a body's mass. The Erotian surface gravity varies a lot, since Eros is not a sphere but an elongated peanut-shaped (or potato- or shoe-shaped) object. The daytime temperature on Eros hovers at about 100 °C and nighttime measurements at −150 °C. Eros's density is 2,400 kg/m3, about the same as the density of Earth's crust. It rotates once every 5.27 hours. NEAR scientists have found that most of the larger rocks strewn across Eros were ejected from a single crater in a meteorite collision perhaps 1 Ga (1 billion years) ago. This impact may also be responsible for the 40 percent of the Erotian surface that is devoid of craters smaller than 0.5 kilometers across. It was originally thought that the debris thrown up by the collision filled in the smaller craters. An analysis of crater densities over the surface indicates that the areas with lower crater density are within 9 kilometers of the impact point. Some of the lower density areas were found on the opposite side of the asteroid but still within 9 kilometers. The word billion and its equivalents in other languages refer to one of two different numbers, depending on whether the writer is using the long or short scale. ... It is theorized that seismic shockwaves propgated through the asteroid, shaking smaller craters into rubble. Since Eros is irregularly shaped, a 9 kilometer straight line through the asteroid can reach locations that would be further away if travelling across the surface, thus leading to the uneven pattern of crater density on the surface. (Thomas & Robinson, 2005) Seismology (from the Greek seismos = earthquake and logos = word) is the scientific study of earthquakes and the movement of waves through the Earth. ... Legal controversy In an experimental legal case, Eros was claimed as property by Gregory W. Nemitz of OrbDev. According to the Homestead principle, Nemitz argued that he had the right to claim ownership of any celestial body that he made use of; he claimed he had designated Eros a spacecraft parking facility and wished to charge NASA a parking and storage fee of 20 cents per year for NEAR Shoemaker. Nemitz's case was dismissed and an appeal denied. [1] The Homestead principle in law is the concept that one can gain ownership of something which currently has no owner by using that thing. ... NASA Logo Listen to this article · (info) This audio file was created from the revision dated 2005-09-01, and does not reflect subsequent edits to the article. ... Aspects Stationary, retrograde Opposition Opposition distance Maximum brightness Stationary, prograde Conjunction to sun 26 February 2005 16 April 2005 0,36596AU 10,5 mag 2 May 2005 3 March 2006 23 May 2007 9 July 2007 0,74792AU 12 mag 22 August 2007 11 October 2008 14 July 2009 1 September 2009 0,68942AU 11,9 mag 15 October 2009 2 January 2011 15 January 2012 28 February 2012 0,17579AU 8,5 mag 15 March 2012 20 February 2013 13 May 2014 28 June 2014 0,71976AU 12,0 mag 10 August 2014 16 July 2015 3 July 2016 21 August 2016 0,72746AU 12,0 mag 5 October 2016 23 December 2017 5 November 2018 3 December 2018 0,22339AU 9,3 mag 22 December 2018 11 February 2020 February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April 16 is the 106th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (107th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 2 is the 122nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (123rd in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 3 is the 62nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (63rd in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 23 is the 143rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (144th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 9 is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 175 days remaining. ... 2007 (MMVII) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 22 is the 234th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (235th in leap years), with 131 days remaining. ... 2007 (MMVII) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 11 is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years). ... 2008 (MMVIII) is a Leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 14 is the 195th day (196th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 170 days remaining. ... 2009 (MMIX) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years). ... 2009 (MMIX) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 15 is the 288th day of the year (289th in Leap years). ... 2009 (MMIX) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... January 2 is the second day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2011 (MMXI) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... January 15 is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2012 (MMXII) is a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2012 (MMXII) is a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (75th in Leap years). ... 2012 (MMXII) is a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2013 (MMXIII) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ... 2014 (MMXIV) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... (Some entries on this page have been duplicated on August 1. ... 2014 (MMXIV) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2014 (MMXIV) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 16 is the 197th day (198th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 168 days remaining. ... 2015 (MMXV) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 3 is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 181 days remaining. ... 2016 (MMXVI) is a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2016 (MMXVI) is a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 5 is the 278th day of the year (279th in Leap years). ... 2016 (MMXVI) is a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 23 is the 357th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (358th in leap years). ... 2017 (MMXVII) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 5 is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 56 days remaining. ... 2018 (MMXVIII) is a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 3 is the 337th (in leap years the 338th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2018 (MMXVIII) is a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 22 is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2018 (MMXVIII) is a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 11 is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2020 (MMXX) is a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Eros in fiction Eros is also mentioned in Orson Scott Card's novel Ender's Game. It used to be an outpost for the aliens known as Formics who installed artificial gravity but was taken over by humans and a Command School was built there. This is where Ender was sent after he graduated from Battle School. Orson Scott Card (born August 24, 1951) is a prolific and best-selling author working in numerous genres. ... The cover art of Enders Game Enders Game (1985) is the best-known novel by Orson Scott Card, set in a future where mankind is facing annihilation by an aggressive alien society, the insectoid Buggers (more formally known as Formics). Faced with extreme odds, humanity undertakes a coordinated... Formics, usually referred to by the pejorative term, buggers, are a fictional insectoid alien species from the Enders Game series of science fiction novels by Orson Scott Card. ... Artificial gravity is a simulation of gravity in outer space or free-fall. ... Command School is an advanced training facility in the fictional world of Enders Game, by Orson Scott Card. ... Andrew Ender Wiggin is a fictional character from Orson Scott Cards science fiction story Enders Game and its sequels (Speaker for the Dead, Xenocide, Children of the Mind), as well as in the first part of the spin-off series, Enders Shadow. ... In the science fiction novel Enders Game, by Orson Scott Card, Battle School was a military academy in Earth orbit. ... 433 Eros also plays an important role in the future evolution of life on Earth in Stephen Baxter's novel Evolution. Millions of years after being perturbed into a new orbit, the asteroid collides with Earth, bringing about another mass extinction. The micrometeoroid-ravaged shell of NEAR Shoemaker still stands on the surface of Eros until seconds before the impact. Stephen Baxter at 63rd World Science Fiction Convention in Glasgow, August 2005 Stephen Baxter (born in Liverpool, November 13, 1957) is a British hard science fiction author. ... Evolution (ISBN 034545782X) is a science fiction book by author Stephen Baxter. ... A Micrometeoroid (also micrometeorite, micrometeor) is a tiny meteoroid; a small particle of rock from space, usually weighing less than a gram, that poses a threat to space exploration. ... Near Earth Asteroid Eros as seen from the NEAR spacecraft. ... See also List of geological features on 433 Eros This is a list of named geological features on asteroid 433 Eros. ... References Thomas PC, Robinson MS (1970). Seismic resurfacing by a single impact on the asteroid 433 Eros. Nature 436 (7049): 366-9. PMID 16034412 Nature is one of the oldest and most reputable scientific journals, first published on 4 November 1869. ... External links NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft NEAR image of the day archive Movie: NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft landing The Eros Project (OrbDev's attempts at litigation over their property claim) … | Previous minor planet | 433 Eros | Next minor planet | … 432 Pythia is a typical Main belt asteroid. ... 434 Hungaria is a relatively small Main belt asteroid. ... The minor planetsedit Vulcanoids | Main belt | Groups and families | Near-Earth asteroids | Jupiter Trojans Centaurs | Damocloids | Comets | Trans-Neptunians (Kuiper belt · Scattered disc · Oort cloud) For other objects and regions, see: Binary asteroids, Asteroid moons and the Solar system For a complete listing, see: List of asteroids. For pronunciation, see: Pronunciation of asteroid names. Categories: Asteroids visited by spacecraft | Amor asteroids Minor planets, or planetoids are minor bodies of the Solar system orbiting the Sun (or of other planetary systems orbiting other stars) that are larger than meteoroids (the largest of which might be taken to be around 10 meters or so across) but smaller than major planets (Mercury having a... Vulcanoids are hypothetical asteroids that may orbit in a dynamically stable zone between 0. ... The asteroid belt is a region of the solar system falling roughly between the planets Mars and Jupiter where the greatest concentration of asteroid orbits can be found. ... Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) are asteroids whose orbit intersects Earths orbit and which may therefore pose a collision danger, as well as being most easily accessible for spacecraft from Earth. ... Image of the Trojan asteroids in front of and behind Jupiter along its orbital path. ... The centaurs are a class of icy planetoids that orbit the Sun between Jupiter and Neptune, named after the mythical race of centaurs. ... Damocloids are asteroids such as 5335 Damocles and (16746) 1996 PW that have long-period highly eccentric orbits typical of periodic comets such as 1P/Halley, but without showing a cometary coma or tail. ... Comet Hale-Bopp A comet is a small body in the solar system that orbits the sun and (at least occasionally) exhibits a coma (or atmosphere) and/or a tail — both due primarily to the effects of solar radiation upon the comets nucleus, which itself is a minor planet... A trans-Neptunian object (TNO) is any object in the solar system which orbits the sun at a greater distance on average than Neptune. ... Artists rendering of the Kuiper Belt and more distant Oort cloud. ... The scattered disc (or scattered disk) is a distant region of our solar system, thinly populated by a subset of the family of trans-Neptunian objects known as scattered disk objects (SDOs). ... This image is an artists rendering of the Oort cloud and the Kuiper Belt. ... 243 Ida and its moon Dactyl An asteroid moon is an asteroid that orbits another asteroid. ... Presentation of the solar system (not to scale) The solar system comprises our Sun and the retinue of celestial objects gravitationally bound to it. ... This is a list of numbered asteroids, in sequential order. ... This page alphabetically lists the first thousand asteroids to be numbered, which are mostly in the main belt. ...

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	Encyclopedia: 433 Eros (1504 words) Eros was visited by the NEAR Shoemaker probe, which orbited it, taking extensive photographs of its surface, and then, on February 12, 2001 at the end of its mission, landed on the asteroid's surface using only its maneuvering jets. Eros exhibits a heavily cratered surface with one side dominated by a huge, scallop-rimmed gouge, and the opposite side by a conspicuous sharp, raised rimmed crater. This montage shows a selection of images of the asteroid 433 Eros that were acquired from the NEAR spacecraft over three weeks from January 22 through February 12, 2000, as the spacecraft's distance from its target shrank from 18,000 to 1260 miles (29,000 to 2025 km).
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