The 44th Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment in the British Army. After 1782 the regiment became known as the 44th (East Essex) Regiment of Foot. The lineage of the 44th transferred to the Essex Regiment in 1881. Through the process of amalgamation and restructuring of the Army, the lineage now rests with the 1st Battalion of the Royal Anglian Regiment. The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... The term lineage can refer to several things. ... The Essex Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Army. ... The Royal Anglian Regiment (R ANGLIAN) is an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Queens Division. ...

Image File history File links Old44thFootCapBade. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... Symbol of the Austrian 14th Armoured Battalion in NATO military graphic symbols A battalion is a military unit usually consisting of between two and six companies and typically commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel. ... James Long was a British Army officer during the 18th Century. ... Charles William Dunbar Staveley (born 18th December 1817 - 23rd November 1896) is a general of United Kingdom. ... Robert Montresor Rogers (VC, CB) was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. ...

Origins: Long's Regiment

The regiment was raised in 1741 as James Long's Regiment of Foot (the tradition at the time to name regiments after their founders, in this case Colonel James Long. Long's Regiment saw active service in the Jacobite Rising (1745), including the Battle of Prestonpans, and served in Flanders (1748). Originally ranked as the 55th Regiment of the Line, the regiment was re-ranked as the 44th in 1748 following the disbandment of other regiments. James Long was a British Army officer during the 18th Century. ... The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings, rebellions, and wars in the British Isles occurring between 1688 and 1746. ... Combatants British Army Jacobites Commanders John Cope Charles Edward Stuart Strength ca. ... Flanders (Dutch: ) has several main meanings: the social, cultural and linguistical, scientific and educational, economical and political community of the Flemings; generally called the Flemish community (others refer to this as the Flemish nation) which is, with over 6 million inhabitants, the majority of all Belgians; the constituent governing institution...

Service in North America

The regiment was renamed the 44th Regiment of Foot in 1751 when British regiments ceased to be named for their Colonels. The regiment saw active service overseas in North American and participated in the French and Indian War and in the American Revolution. Notably, the regiment fought at Braddock's defeat (1755), the attack on Fort Carrillon (1758), the Battle of Brooklyn (1776), the Battle of Brandywine (1777), and the Battle of Monmouth (1778). Combatants France First Nations allies: * Algonquin * Wyandot * Ojibwa * Ottawa * Shawnee Great Britain Iroquois Confederacy Strength 3,900 regulars 7,900 militia 2,200 natives (1759) 50,000 regulars and militia (1759) The French and Indian War was the nine-year North American chapter of the Seven Years War. ... John Trumbulls Declaration of Independence, showing the five-man committee in charge of drafting the Declaration in 1776 as it presents its work to the Second Continental Congress The American Revolution refers to the period during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen Colonies that... Combatants France Britain Commanders Liénard de Beaujeu † Jean-Daniel Dumas Charles de Langlade Edward Braddock † Strength 105 regulars 147 militia 600 natives 1,459 regulars and militia Casualties 23 killed 20 wounded 456 killed 521 wounded The Braddock expedition (also called Braddocks campaign) was a failed British attempt... Fort Ticonderoga as seen from Lake Champlain Fort Ticonderoga is a large 18th century fort built at a strategically important narrows in Lake Champlain where a short traverse gives access to the north end of Lake George in the state of New York, USA.The fort controlled both commonly used... The Battle Pass area, also known as Flatbush Pass in the area of Prospect Park and Green-Wood Cemetery. ... Combatants United States Britain Commanders George Washington William Howe Strength 10,600 17,000 Casualties 250 killed, 750 wounded, 400 captured 89 killed, 487 wounded The Battle of Brandywine was a battle of the American Revolutionary War fought on September 11, 1777, near Chadds Ford on Brandywine Creek in Delaware... Combatants United States Great Britain Commanders George Washington Henry Clinton Strength 13,462 13,059 Casualties 69 killed, 37 died of heat-stroke 160 wounded 95 missing Total: 361 65 killed 59 died of heat-stroke 170 wounded 50 captured 14 missing Total: 358 The Battle of Monmouth (prounounced Mon...

In 1782, most British regiments of foot were given county designations, and the 44th became known as the 44th, or East Essex Regiment of Foot.

Napoleonic Wars (1792-1815)

1st Battalion, 44th Regiment of Foot

The regiment was increased in strength during the Napoleonic Wars and the original regimental strength (a single battalion) was organised as 1st Battalion. The 1st Battalion saw active service in Spain (1814) and North America (1814-1815). Notably, the battalion fought at the Battle of Bladensburg (1814), the Battle of North Point (1814), and the Battle of New Orleans (1815). [1] Combatants Allies: Austrian Empire[1] Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Prussia[1] Russian Empire[2] Kingdom of Spain[3] Kingdom of Sweden United Kingdom[4] Ottoman Empire[5] French Empire Kingdom of Holland Kingdom of Italy Kingdom of Naples Duchy of Warsaw Kingdom of Bavaria[6] Kingdom of Saxony[7... The Battle of Bladensburg was a battle fought during the War of 1812. ... Combatants Britain United States Commanders Robert Ross† Arthur Brooke Samuel Smith John Stricker Strength 4,500 3,000 Casualties 46 killed 273 wounded 163 killed and wounded over 200 captured The Battle of North Point was fought on September 12, 1814. ... Combatants United Kingdom United States Commanders Sir Edward Pakenham† John Lambert Alexander Cochrane Andrew Jackson Strength 8,000 men 3,500-4,000 men Casualties 385 killed 1,186 wounded 484 captured 13 killed 58 wounded 30 captured The Battle of New Orleans, also known as the Battle of Chalmette...

2nd Battalion, 44th Regiment of Foot

The regiment increased in strength during the Napoleonic Wars and a new battalion was organised as 2nd Battalion in 1803. The 2nd Battalion saw active service in the Peninsular War and the Waterloo Campaign. Notably, the battalion fought at the Battle of Fuentes de Onoro (1811), the Siege of Badajoz (1812), the Battle of Salamanca (1812), the Battle of Quatre Bras (1815), and the Battle of Waterloo (1815). The battalion was disbanded in 1816 at the conclusion of the wars. [2] Combatants Allies: Austrian Empire[1] Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Prussia[1] Russian Empire[2] Kingdom of Spain[3] Kingdom of Sweden United Kingdom[4] Ottoman Empire[5] French Empire Kingdom of Holland Kingdom of Italy Kingdom of Naples Duchy of Warsaw Kingdom of Bavaria[6] Kingdom of Saxony[7... Combatants Kingdom of Spain, United Kingdom, Kingdom of Portugal French Empire The Peninsular War or Spanish War of Independence (Guerra de la Independencia Española) was a war in the Iberian Peninsula. ... For information about the legislative programs of Franklin D. Roosevelt, see New Deal. ... // In the Battle of Fuentes de Onoro (May 3 - 5, 1811) the British army under Sir Arthur Wellesley checked an attempt by French troops under Marshall André Masséna to relieve the besieged city of Almeida. ... Combatants United Kingdom, Portugal First French Empire Commanders Earl of Wellington General Philippon Strength 25,000 regulars 5,000 regulars Casualties 5,000 dead or wounded 1,500 dead or wounded In the Battle of Badajoz (March 16-April 6, 1812) an Anglo-Portuguese army under Earl of Wellington, besieged... Combatants Britain, Portugal, Spain France, Poland Commanders Earl of Wellington Auguste Marmont Strength About 50,000 About 52,000 Casualties 5,914 dead or wounded 13,000 dead, wounded, or captured The Battle of Salamanca (July 22, 1812) was an important victory for an Anglo-Portuguese army under Earl of... Combatants France Anglo-Allies[1] Commanders Michel Ney Duke of Wellington William II of the Netherlands Strength 18,000 infantry, 2,000 cavalry and 32 guns (a total of 24,000 troops by the end of the battle) 20,000 by the end of the battle Casualties 4,000 4... Combatants First French Empire Seventh Coalition: United Kingdom Kingdom of Prussia United Netherlands Hanover Nassau Brunswick Commanders Napoleon Bonaparte Michel Ney Duke of Wellington Gebhard von Blücher Strength 73,000 67,000 Coalition 60,000 Prussian (48,000 engaged by about 18:00) Casualties 25,000 dead or wounded...

Capture of French Imperial Eagle

The 2nd Battalion won great glory for the 44th at the Battle of Salamanca in 1812 when it captured the French Imperial Eagle, the equivalent of a British Regiment's Colours, of the French 62nd Regiment. The Eagle was carried on parade by the Essex Regiment, a tradition inherited by the 3rd Battalion The Royal Anglian Regiment and now the 1st Battalion. Although they were presented with Regimental Colours, the regiments of Napoleon I tended to carry at their head the Imperial Eagle. ... A Queens Colour is a flag carried or maintained by British Army and Commonwealth infantry regiments or battalions to: Distinguish one regiment or battalion from another Be used as a rallying point for the regiments/battalions soldiers while in garrison or in battle. ... The Royal Anglian Regiment (R ANGLIAN) is an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Queens Division. ...

"The South Essex"

The capture of a French Imperial Eagle by the fictional "South Essex Regiment" in the Sharpe novels of Bernard Cornwell is based upon the 2/44th's battle honour. The South Essex is depicted as having yellow coat facings like the 44th (East Essex). Although they were presented with Regimental Colours, the regiments of Napoleon I tended to carry at their head the Imperial Eagle. ... The South Essex Regiment, later the Prince of Wales Own Volunteers, is a fictional infantry regiment in the British Army that was created by Bernard Cornwell in the Sharpe series of books. ... Richard Sharpe is the central character in Bernard Cornwells Sharpe novels and of the Sharpe series of TV movies in which he is played by Sean Bean. ... Bernard Cornwell OBE (born February 23, 1944) is a prolific and popular English historical novelist. ...

First Anglo-Burmese War (1824-1826)

The 44th Foot saw active service in the First Anglo-Burmese War. The 44th was serving as garrison in the Bengal Presidency, India and joined British and British East India Company regiments at Chittagong in January 1825. The regiment fought at Arracan on in March, capturing the city and then proceeding to clear the Arracan province of enemy forces. Relatively few casualties were incurred during the fighting, but with the onset of the rainy season the European regiments (the 44th and the 54th) suffered from virulent fevers and dysentery until scarcely a man remained fit for duty. The regiment was awarded the battle honour "Ava" to its Regimental Colour. [3] [4] The First Anglo-Burmese War lasted from 1823 to 1826. ... Bengal, known as Bango ( Bengali:বঙ্গ), Bangla (বাংলা), Bangodesh (বঙ্গদেশ), or Bangladesh (বাংলাদেশ) in Bengali, is a region in the northeast of South Asia. ... The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was the first joint-stock company (the Dutch East India Company was the first to issue public stock). ... Chittagong (Bengali: চট্টগ্রাম, Chôţţogram) is the major seaport and second largest city of Bangladesh. ... A Queens Colour is a flag carried or maintained by British Army and Commonwealth infantry regiments or battalions to: Distinguish one regiment or battalion from another Be used as a rallying point for the regiments/battalions soldiers while in garrison or in battle. ...

First Anglo-Afghan War (1839-1842)

The 44th Foot fought in the First Anglo-Afghan War and the regiment formed the rearguard on the retreat from Kabul. On 13 January 1842, the few survivors of the decimated regiment made a last stand against Afghan tribesmen on a rocky hill near to the village of Gandamak. The force reduced to fewer than forty men by the retreat from Kabul that had come to an end of a running battle through two feet of snow. The ground was frozen and icy. The men had no shelter and little food for weeks. Only a dozen of the men had working muskets, the officers their pistols and a few unbroken swords. When the Afghans surrounded them on the morning of the 13th the Afghans announced that a surrender could be arranged. "Not bloody likely!" was the bellowed answer of one British sergeant. It is believed that only two survived the massacre. Most notable was Captain Thomas Souter, who by wrapping the regimental colours around himself was taken prisoner, being mistaken by the Afghan as a high military official. The other was Surgeon William Brydon who made it as far as the British garrison at Jalalabad after riding his exhausted horse to the limit for days. A vivid, if romanticised, depiction entitled "Last Stand of the 44th Regiment at Gundamuk" was painted by the artist William Barnes Wollen in 1898 which now hangs in the Chelmsford and Essex museum in Oaklands Park, London Road, Chelmsford. This disaster to British arms served to encourage the Indian nationalists who were leaders in the great mutiny in India (1857). The First Anglo–Afghan War lasted from 1839 to 1842. ... January 13 is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Gandamak is a village of Afghanistan, 35 miles (56 km) from Jalalabad on the road to Kabul. ... Lady Butlers 1879 painting The Remnants of an Army depicts Dr Brydons arrival at Jalalabad Dr William Brydon (October, 1811 - March 20, 1873) was an English army surgeon in the service of the East India Company. ...

Crimean War (1853-1855)

The 44th Foot was reconstituted and saw active service in Turkey and Russia during the Crimean War. The regiment was awarded three battled honours to its Regimental Colour for service in the Crimea. [5] Combatants Allies: Second French Empire United Kingdom Ottoman Empire Kingdom of Sardinia Russian Empire Bulgarian volunteers Casualties 90,000 French 35,000 Turkish 17,500 British 2,050 Sardinian killed, wounded and died of disease ~134,000 killed, wounded and died of disease The Crimean War (1854–1856) was fought... A Queens Colour is a flag carried or maintained by British Army and Commonwealth infantry regiments or battalions to: Distinguish one regiment or battalion from another Be used as a rallying point for the regiments/battalions soldiers while in garrison or in battle. ...

The Alma

The 44th served at the Battle of the Alma on 20 September 1854 as part of the 6th Brigade of 3rd Division, under command of General Sir Richard England. The Battle of Alma (September 20, 1854), the first battle of the Crimean War (1854 - 1856), took place in the vicinity of the River Alma in the Crimea. ... September 20 is the 263rd day of the year (264th in leap years). ... 1854 (MDCCCLIV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Inkerman

The 44th served at the Battle of Inkerman on 5 November 1854 as part of the 2nd Brigade of 3rd Division, under command of General Sir Richard England. The division formed the British reserve during the battle. [6] Combatants United Kingdom France Russia Commanders General Pierre Bosquet Lord Raglan General Aleksandr Menshikov Strength British: 8,500 and 38 guns French: 7,500 and 18 guns 31,000 infantry 4,000 cavalry 110 guns est. ... November 5 is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 56 days remaining. ... 1854 (MDCCCLIV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Sevastopol

The 44th served at the Siege of Sevastopol from September, 1854 to September, 1855. The regiment formed part of Sir William Eyre's brigade in 3rd Division. The regiment served throughout the long siege, and notably took part in the attack on dockyard creek on 18 June 1855 and the capture of the cemetery - the sole success achieved. [7] [8] There have been two Sieges of Sevastopol, a Russian city on the Crimean peninsula: Siege of Sevastopol (1854) - during the Crimean War Siege of Sevastopol (1942) - during the Second World War This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same... A siege is a military blockade of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by force or attrition, often accompanied by an assault. ... June 18 is the 169th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (170th in leap years), with 196 days remaining. ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

Second Opium War (1857-1862)

The 44th Foot saw active service in China during the Second Opium War. Combatants Qing China United Kingdom French Empire Commanders Unknown Michael Seymour James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin Jean-Baptiste Louis Gros The Second Opium War or Arrow War was a war of the United Kingdom and France against the Qing Dynasty of China from 1856 to 1860. ...

44th in China

The 44th were serving in Madras, India in 1860 as the garrison for Fort St George. Drafts of reinforcements arrived during 1859 and the regiment was comprised of 35 officers and 1,176 organised in 10 companies. At the outbreak of war with China, 5 companies of the regiment embarked on transports on 31 January. The remainder of the regiment embarked on 3 March. On arrival in China the commanding officer Colonel Charles William Dunbar Staveley was appointed to command the 1st Brigade of the 1st Division, and command of the 44th fell to Lieutenant Colonel MacMahon. Madras refers to: the Indian city of Chennai, formerly known as Madras, the former Indian state, now known as Tamil Nadu (Plural of Madra): Ancient people of Iranian affinites, who lived in northwest Panjab in the Uttarapatha division of ancient India. ... January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... March 3 is the 62nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (63rd in leap years). ... Charles William Dunbar Staveley (born 18th December 1817 - 23rd November 1896) is a general of United Kingdom. ...

Taku Forts

The regiment participated in the capture of the Taku Forts on 21 August 1860 as part of the Anglo-French forces under command of General Sir James Hope Grant. The 44th were in the vanguard of the assault on the North Taku entrenchments. The attacking force crossed a series of ditches and bamboo-stake palisades under heavy Chinese musketry, and tried to force entrance by the main gate. When this effort was unsuccessful, an assault party climbed the wall to an embrasure and forced entry to the fort. The first British officer to enter the fort was Lieutenant Robert Montresor Rogers of the E Company, who was awarded the Victoria Cross for his conspicuous bravery. He was closely followed by Private John McDougall who was also awarded the VC. During the fighting the 44th had Captain George Ingham and Lieutenant Robert Montressor Rogers severely wounded, fourteen men killed, one drummer and forty-five men wounded. For this bloody action the Essex Regiment was awarded the battle honor "Taku Forts" to its Regimental Colour. [9] [10] The Taku Forts (or Dagu Fort; Chinese: 大沽船坞; pinyin: dagu paotai) are forts located by the Hai He (Peiho River) estuary, in Tanggu District, Tianjin municipality, in northeastern China. ... August 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Robert Montresor Rogers (VC, CB) was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. ... Victoria Cross medal, ribbon, and bar. ... John McDougall was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. ... A Queens Colour is a flag carried or maintained by British Army and Commonwealth infantry regiments or battalions to: Distinguish one regiment or battalion from another Be used as a rallying point for the regiments/battalions soldiers while in garrison or in battle. ...

China Garrison Duty

On 25 August the 44th embarked for Shanghai and landed at the city on 10 September. The regiment garrisoned the city until 15 November when it embarked for Hong Kong, arriving 27 November. Lieut.-Colonel MacMahon was appointed commandant of the island, and command of the regiment passed to Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Andrew Browne. One wing of the regiment garrisoned Hong Kong island, with the other quartered at Kowloon on the mainland. The regiment left China in October 1861 and returned to India. August 25 is the 237th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (238th in leap years), with 128 days remaining. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... September 10 is the 253rd day of the Gregorian calendar (254th in leap years). ... November 15 is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 46 days remaining. ... November 27 is the 331st day (332nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... In modern day Hong Kong, Kowloon refers to the urban area made up of Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon, bordered by the Lei Yue Mun strait in the east, Mei Foo Sun Chuen and Stonecutters Island in the west, Tates Cairn and Lion Rock in the north, and...

The Essex Regiment (1881)

On 1 July 1881, as part of the Childers Reforms which removed the numbering of Regiments, the 44th (East Essex) Regiment of Foot united with the 56th (West Essex) Regiment of Foot to form the Essex Regiment. [11] July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... The Childers Reforms were undertaken by Secretary of State for War Hugh Childers in 1881. ... The 56th Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment in the British Army from 1755 to 1881. ... The Essex Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Army. ...

External links

• 44th Regiment of Foot Living History group recreating the 44th during the French & Indian War period.
• The 44th(East Essex) Regiment of Foot Living History Napoleonic Living History and reenactment society.