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Encyclopedia: Mycenae (2294 words) |
 | In the second millennium BC Mycenae was one of the major centres of Greek civilization, a military stronghold which dominated much of southern Greece. |
| In around 1350 BC the fortifications on the acropolis, and other surrounding hills, were rebuilt in a style known as "cyclopaean," because the blocks of stone used were so massive that they were thought in later ages to be the work of the one-eyed giants known as Cyclops. |
| By 1200 BC, however, the power of Mycenae was declining; during the 12th century, Mycenaean dominance collapsed. |
| G R E E C E (13450 words) |
| By 1400 BC the Achaeans were in possession of the island itself, and soon afterwards they became dominant on the mainland, notably in the region around Mycenae. |
| By 338 BC he was sufficiently powerful to call a congress of the Greek states, which acknowledged Macedonian supremacy in the peninsula and appointed Philip as the commander-in-chief of the Greek forces. |
| In 290 BC the city-states of central Greece began to join the Aetolian League, a powerful military confederation that had originally been organized during the reign of Philip II by the cities of Aetolia for their mutual benefit and protection. |
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