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Europe before 1000 BCE (0 words) |
 | It was preceded by agriculture and the raising of animals, which appeared in sunny Greece as early as 6000 BCE - around the time that people there built stone walls around their villages, presumably to protect themselves from wild animals and marauding outsiders. |
| By 4000 BCE, Europeans were using a wooden plow, and, sometime after 4000, farming spread to people around the Vistula River and into Scandinavia, while in Finland those people to be known as Finns hunted seals and bred pigs. |
| By around 2000 BCE the Bell Beakers had traveled as far as what is now Czech Republic in central Europe, as far as Corsica, Sicily and North Africa, and they had entered Britain as far north as what is now Scotland. |
| Achaemenid period (553 bce - 330 bce) (0 words) |
| In the middle of the sixth century BCE, the Achaemanid clan of the Persians was headed by Cyrus, who ruled, under Median domination, as sub-king of Parsa, or Persis. |
| In 553 BCE Cyrus led a revolt that resulted in the overthrow of the Median ruler and the rise to the power of the Achaemenids. |
| A more ambitious to subjugate the Greeks was attempted by Xerxes, but after a navel disaster at Salamis in 480 BCE and a decimation of the land forces at Plataea the next year, the invading forces were withdrawn to the shores of Asia Minor. |
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