B.C., but Pythagoras demonstrates that in a right triangle (one with a 90° angle) the square of the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides (Pythagorean theorem), a concept known to the ancient Chinese and Hindus and applied by 18th century
B.C. The Etruscans are a civilized people who believe in an afterlife, but legend will relate the uprising to the rape of Lucretia, beautiful and virtuous wife of the Roman general Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus, by Sextus Tarquinius, a son of the king Tarquinius Superbus.
Pisistratus, Tyrant of Athens in 561 BC, 559 BC–556 BC and 546 BC–528 BC.
The progressive captivity of the Northern kingdom beginning under Tiglath Pileser (745-726 BC) and ending with the fall of Samaria and the end of Israel around 721 BC, with subsequent deportations by later Assyrian kings, Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal, furnished actual illustrations of the teachings of the prophets of Judah.
The rise of the Neo-Babylonian Empire (605-539 BC) was as rapid as its demise.
Nebuchadnezzar II (605-562 BC), one of the most powerful and autocratic of ancient rulers, adopted essentially the same policy of displacing whole populations as that inaugurated by the Assyrian kings of the eighth century.