59 (fifty-nine) is the natural number following 58 and preceding 60. In mathematics, a natural number is either a positive integer (1, 2, 3, 4, ...) or a non-negative integer (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ...). The former definition is generally used in number theory, while the latter is preferred in set theory and computer science. ... 58 is the natural number following 57 and preceding 59. ... 60 (sixty) is the natural number following 59 and preceding 61. ...

In linguistics, cardinal numbers is the name given to number words that are used for quantity (one, two, three), as opposed to ordinal numbers, words that are used for order (first, second, third). ... Commonly, ordinal numbers, or ordinals for short, are numbers used to denote the position in an ordered sequence: first, second, third, fourth, etc. ... In mathematics, factorization or factoring is the decomposition of an object (for example, a number, a polynomial, or a matrix) into a product of other objects, or factors, which when multiplied together give the original. ... The system of Roman numerals is a numeral system originating in ancient Rome, and was adapted from Etruscan numerals. ... The binary numeral system (base 2 numerals) represents numeric values using two symbols, typically 0 and 1. ... james In mathematics and computer science, base-16, hexadecimal, or simply hex, is a numeral system with a radix or base of 16 usually written using the symbols 0–9 and A–F or a–f. ...

In mathematics

Fifty-nine is the 17th smallest prime number. The next is sixty-one, with which it comprises a twin prime. 59 is an irregular prime, a safe prime and a supersingular prime. It is an Eisenstein prime with no imaginary part and real part of the form 3n − 1. It is also a highly cototient number. In mathematics, a prime number (or a prime) is a natural number that has exactly two (distinct) natural number divisors, which are 1 and the prime number itself. ... 61 (sixty-one) is the natural number following 60 and preceding 62. ... A twin prime is a prime number that differs from another prime number by two. ... In mathematics, regular primes are a certain kind of prime numbers. ... A safe prime is a prime number of the form 2p + 1, where p is also a prime. ... In mathematics, a supersingular prime is a certain kind of prime number. ... An Eisenstein prime is an Eisenstein integer aω + b that has only two Eisenstein divisors, the complex cube root of unity and aω + b itself. ... In number theory, a branch of mathematics, a highly cototient number k is an integer that has more solutions to the equation x - φ(x) = k, where φ is Eulers totient function, than any integer below it, with the exception of 1. ...

There are 59 stellations of the icosahedron. These are discussed in H. S. M. Coxeter, P. Du Val, H. T. Flather, and J. F. Petrie's book The Fifty-Nine Icosahedra. Stellation is a process of constructing new polygons (in two dimensions), new polyhedra in three dimensions, or in general new polytopes in n dimensions. ... An icosahedron [ˌaıkəsəhiːdrən] noun (plural: -drons, -dra [-drə]) is a polyhedron having 20 faces, but usually a regular icosahedron is meant. ...

In science

• The atomic number of praseodymium, a lanthanide

In chemistry and physics, the atomic number (Z) is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom. ... For other meanings of the abbreviation Pr or PR, see Pr and PR. General Name, Symbol, Number praseodymium, Pr, 59 Chemical series lanthanides Group, Period, Block n/a, 6, f Appearance silvery white, yellowish tinge Atomic mass 140. ...

Astronomy

• Messier object M59, a magnitude 11.5 galaxy in the constellation Virgo

• The New General Catalogue object NGC 59, a magnitude 12.4 spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus

• The Saros number of the solar eclipse series which began on 1031 BC June 19 and ended on 249 July 27. The duration of Saros series 59 was 1280.1 years, and it contained 72 solar eclipses.

• The Saros number of the lunar eclipse series which began on 729 BC March 30 and ended on 569 May 16. The duration of Saros series 59 was 1298.1 years, and it contained 73 lunar eclipses.

Table of all 110 Messier objects. ... Elliptical Galaxy M59 (also known as Messier Object 59, Messier 59, M59, or NGC 4621) is an elliptical galaxy in the Virgo constellation. ... The apparent magnitude (m) of a star, planet or other heavenly body is a measure of its apparent brightness; that is, the amount of light received from the object. ... NGC 4414, a typical spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices, is about 56,000 light years in diameter and approximately 60 million light years distant. ... Orion is a remarkable constellation, visible from most places on the globe at one time or another during the year. ... Virgo (Latin for virgin, symbol , Unicode ♍) is a constellation of the zodiac. ... The New General Catalogue (NGC) is the most well-known catalogue of deep sky objects in amateur astronomy. ... A spiral galaxy is a type of galaxy in the Hubble sequence which is characterized by the following physical properties: Spiral Galaxy M74 presents a face-on view of its spiral arms. ... Cetus (a name from Greek mythology, referring to a Whale or Sea monster, see Ceto) is a constellation of the southern sky, in the region known as the Water, near other watery constellations like Aquarius, Pisces, and Eridanus. ... A Saros cycle is a period of 6585 + 1/3 days (approximately 18 years 10 days and 8 hours) which can be used to predict eclipses of the sun and the moon. ... Photo taken during the 1999 eclipse. ... Centuries: 12th century BC - 11th century BC - 10th century BC Decades: 1080s BC 1070s BC 1060s BC 1050s BC 1040s BC - 1030s BC - 1020s BC 1010s BC 1000s BC 990s BC 980s BC Events and trends 1039 BC - Neferkare Amenemnisu, king of Egypt, dies. ... June 19 is the 170th day of the year (171st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 195 days remaining. ... Events Trajan Decius becomes Roman emperor. ... July 27 is the 208th day (209th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 157 days remaining. ... An eclipse refers to the phenomenon of one body passing into the shadow cast by another body. ... Centuries: 9th century BC - 8th century BC - 7th century BC Decades: 770s BC 760s BC 750s BC 740s BC 730s BC - 720s BC - 710s BC 700s BC 690s BC 680s BC 670s BC Events and Trends 728 BC - Piye invades Egypt, conquering Memphis and receives the submission of the rulers... March 30 is the 89th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (90th in leap years). ... Events The Nubian kingdom of Alodia is converted to Christianity, according to John of Ephesus. ... May 16 is the 136th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (137th in leap years). ...

In other fields

Fifty-nine is also:

• The designation of Interstate 59, a freeway that runs from Louisiana to Georgia.
• The year AD 59, 59 BC, or 1959.
• Approximately the number of days in two lunar months.
• The model number of the Texas Instruments TI-59 calculator, one of the first programmable calculators.