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Encyclopedia > 5 alpha reductase

5-alpha reductase is an enzyme (EC 1.3.99.5 (http://www.expasy.org/cgi-bin/nicezyme.pl?1.3.99.5)) that converts testosterone, the male sex hormone, into dihydrotestosterone. There are two isoenzymes, steroid 5-alpha reductase 1 and 2 (SRD5A1 and SRD5A2). The second isoenzyme is deficient in 5_alpha_reductase deficiency, which leads to a form of intersexualism.


Genetics

SRD5A1 is located on chromosome 5p15, while SRD5A2 is located on 2p23.


Pharmacology

Finasteride inhibits the function of only one of the isoenzymes (type 1), while dutasteride inhibits both forms. These drugs are used in benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer and baldness (finasteride).


External

  • OMIM 184753 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=184753) (SRD5A1) and OMIM 607306 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=607306) (SRD5A2)



  Results from FactBites:
 
Follicle.com - Methods and compositions for inhibiting 5 alpha -reductase activity (16857 words)
A prototype for 5 alpha -reductase inhibitors is 17 beta -N,N-diethylcarbamoyl-4-methyl-4-aza-5 alpha -androstan-3-one (4-MA), which behaves as an inhibitor of 5 alpha -reductase in vivo, decreasing the prostatic concentration of 5 alpha -DHT in intact male rats or in castrated male rats given testosterone propionate.
The ability of gamma -linolenic acid to inhibit 5 alpha -reductase in solubilized microsomes indicates that the gamma -linolenic acid inhibition may not be rigidly dependent on the native source of endoplasmic reticulum membranes.
5 alpha -reductase inhibition using compositions of the present invention may also be utilized in such methods to provide a baseline control for determining the efficacy of a candidate substance, as well as to test such a candidate substance for synergistically enhancing the 5 alpha -reductase inhibitory activity of the compositions disclosed herein.
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