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6.5mm Grendel showing variety of bullets 144gr to 90gr

The 6.5 Grendel (or 6.5 mm Grendel) is a 6.5 mm caliber assault rifle cartridge developed in 2002 by Bill Alexander of Alexander Arms and Arne Brennan of Competition Shooting Sports. This cartridge is an evolution of Dr. Lou Palmisano's PPC case which has dominated competition shooting for over 20 years. ^[1] The 6.5 Grendel was designed as a low recoil, high accuracy, long-range cartridge for the AR-15 platform. Image File history File linksMetadata 65G_144_123_129_120_90. ... Image File history File linksMetadata 65G_144_123_129_120_90. ... The AK-47 is the worlds most common assault rifle. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... An early naval cannon design, allowing the gun to roll backwards a small distance when firing The recoil when firing a gun is the backward momentum of a gun, which is equal to the forward momentum of the bullet or shell, due to conservation of momentum. ... The AR-15 is a lightweight, air-cooled, magazine-fed, autoloading centerfire rifle. ...

Development and history

20" Grendel Counter-Sniper

The Grendel design philosophy was "start slow and end fast". High muzzle velocities accelerate barrel wear and increase the percentage of recoil due to escaping gasses but only yield good terminal energy if the bullet is efficient at carrying its velocity downrange. Constrained by the length of the 5.56 mm NATO round, but wanting to launch a much heavier bullet, the Grendel designers hit on a short, fat case for more powder volume while saving space for long, streamlined, high ballistic coefficient (BC) bullets that give up little of their energy in-flight. Firing factory bullets from 90 grains to 129 grains, its muzzle velocity ranges from significantly lower up to equivalent that of the 5.56 mm 77 grain round. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1098x612, 152 KB) See the Wikipedia page concerning this cartridge: 6. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1098x612, 152 KB) See the Wikipedia page concerning this cartridge: 6. ... A guns muzzle velocity is the speed at which the projectile leaves the muzzle of the gun. ... U.S. Military 5. ... The ballistic coefficient (BC) is the mass of the object divided by the diameter squared that it presents to the airflow divided by a dimensionless constant i that relates to the shape. ...

Timeline

7.62x51 NATO, 6.5 Grendel, 5.56x45 NATO

• 1998—Arne Brennan investigates .22 PPC, 6 PPC in search of a more capable competition and hunting round
• 2000—Arne Brennan begins shooting a 6.5 PPC wildcat cartridge from his custom AR-15 platform
• 2001—Arne Brennan and Bill Alexander introduced to each other by Lother Walther
• Mar 2002—First production 6.5 Grendel brass cartridges manufactured to specification by Lapua
• May 2003—First prototype 6.5 Grendel weapon demonstrated at Blackwater Shoot-out
• May 2006—Independent ballistic gelatin testing completed for 90 gr. TNT, 120 gr. Norma, 120 gr. SMK, and 123 gr. SMK prototype
• Aug 2006—Bill Alexander publishes pressure safe load table for AR platforms with 14.5" to 28" barrels
• Oct 2006—Pre-production Wolf brand ammunition tested

Image File history File links 762_65G_556. ... Image File history File links 762_65G_556. ... A wildcat cartridge, or wildcat, is a custom cartridge for which ammunition and firearms are not mass produced. ... Lapua (Lappo in Swedish) is a municipality of Finland. ... Blackwater USA is a United States private military contractor and security firm based in North Carolina. ... Ballistic gelatin is a solution of pork gelatin powder in water. ...

Performance

Proponents assert that the Grendel is an ideal middle ground between the 5.56 mm NATO and the 7.62 mm NATO, taking the best attributes of each. It has a flatter trajectory and retains greater muzzle energy at extended ranges than either of these cartridges due to its higher ballistic coefficient. ^[2] Production rifles have consistently achieved sub–minute of arc (MOA) groups at test ranges out past 600 meters. (see external links ) ^{[citation needed]} On March 6, 2006, Arne Brennan achieved a witnessed 1.198 inch 5 shot group at 660 yards. Similar accuracy was demonstrated at recent Blackwater Shootouts ^[3]. NATO 7. ... It has been suggested that milliarcsecond be merged into this article or section. ...

External Ballistics

Muzzle Velocity Change with Bullet Weight

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (908x623, 128 KB) 6. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (908x623, 128 KB) 6. ...

Muzzle Velocity: 20 inch Barrel

• 108 gr (6.99 g) Lapua Scenar: 2,700 ft/s (820 m/s)
• 123 gr (7.97 g) Lapua Scenar: 2,600 ft/s (790 m/s)
• 144 gr (9.33 g) Lapua FMJBT: 2,450 ft/s (750 m/s)

1,000 meter Velocity: 20 inch Barrel

• 108 gr (6.99 g) Lapua Scenar: 1,166 ft/s (355 m/s)
• 123 gr (7.97 g) Lapua Scenar: 1,222 ft/s (372 m/s)
• 144 gr (9.33 g) Lapua FMJBT: 1,213 ft/s (370 m/s)

Comparison of Assault Rifle Cartridges' Retained Energy

As noted above, the Grendel case is very closely related to the PPC case. When sufficient load data was made available, a thorough study of the Grendel case, which constitutes a precisely dimensioned combustion chamber when the round is chambered, was done with the following results. In general, each additional grain of bullet weight will reduce muzzle velocity by 10 ft/s and each additional inch of barrel length will increase muzzle velocity by 20 ft/s. Therefore, a handy rule of thumb is 1" of barrel length equals 2 grains of bullet weight. Specific details are available as graphs derived from Alexander Arms' public domain load table linked below. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (908x623, 101 KB) Comparison of various assault rifle cartridges all loaded with pressure-safe loads and all with the Sierra MatchKing bullets to enable a consistent basis for comparison. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (908x623, 101 KB) Comparison of various assault rifle cartridges all loaded with pressure-safe loads and all with the Sierra MatchKing bullets to enable a consistent basis for comparison. ... A grain is a unit of mass equal to 0. ...

Notes

1. ^ 6PPC -- The Benchmark of Accuracy
2. ^ Grendel ballistics table
3. ^ Armed Forces Journal

See also

• List of firearms
• List of handgun cartridges
• List of rifle cartridges
• List of individual weapons of the U.S. Armed Forces

Located below is an extended list of small arms, ranging from pistols to machine guns and even to large handheld devices such as grenade launchers and anti-tank rifles. ... Common handgun cartridges. ... From left to right: .50 BMG, 300 Win Mag, .308 Winchester, 7. ... Individual weapons by type and current level of use. ...

External links

C-Products 26rd Grendel Magazine

1. Alexander Arms
2. Infantry Magazine
3. Guns & Hunting 6.5 Grendel article
4. Gunblast Review of the 6.5 Grendel
5. Small Arms Review Magazine
6. 6.5 Grendel Cartridge Guide at 6mmBR.com
7. Defense Review on the 6.5 Grendel
8. Sharper Shooting: Upgrading Ammunition Lethality
9. 6.5 Grendel Ballistics Comparison to 5.56mm, 6.8 SPC, and 7.62 NATO
10. 6.5 Grendel Muzzle Velocity Change with Barrel Length ^{*Reference AA Load Data Below}
11. 6.5 Grendel Muzzle Velocity Change with Bullet Weight^{*Reference AA Load Data Below}
12. Alexander Arms Pressure-safe Load Data
13. Basic Ballistics by Anthony G Williams
14. Comprehensive Wound Ballistic Simulation
15. 6.5 Grendel - Origins and Performance by Arne Brennan
16. 6.5 Grendel Bolt Action Capability
17. 6mmAR Wildcat based on the 6.5 Grendel