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A Passage to India is a 1984 film directed by David Lean, based on the novel of the same name by E. M. Forster. Image File history File links Passage_to_india. ...
Sir David Lean, KBE (March 25, 1908 – April 16, 1991) was an English film director and producer, best remembered for big-screen epics such as Lawrence of Arabia, The Bridge on the River Kwai, and Doctor Zhivago . ...
E. M. Forster aged 36 in 1915 Edward Morgan Forster (January 1, 1879 – June 7, 1970) was an English novelist, short story writer, and essayist. ...
Sir David Lean, KBE (March 25, 1908 – April 16, 1991) was an English film director and producer, best remembered for big-screen epics such as Lawrence of Arabia, The Bridge on the River Kwai, and Doctor Zhivago . ...
Santha Rama Rau (1923–) is best known as a travel writer. ...
Victor Banerjee is an British educated Calcutta based Indian film actor who was acted for the films directed by David Lean ( A Passage to India ) and Satyajit Ray ( The Home and the World ). Though currently based in Bollywood, he is usually more familiar with the Bengali film industry. ...
Art Malik (born as Athar Ul-Haque Malik on November 13, 1952) is a Pakistani-born British actor. ...
Saeed Jaffrey (born 8 January 1929) is an Indian actor. ...
Roshan Seth Roshan Seth (born 17 August 1942) is a British Indian actor. ...
Judy Davis (born 23 April 1955) is an Academy Award-nominated Australian actress. ...
Dame Edith Margaret Emily Ashcroft, DBE (22 December 1907–14 June 1991) was an English actress. ...
Sir Alec Guinness, CH, CBE (April 2, 1914 – August 5, 2000) was an Academy Award and Tony Award-winning English actor who became one of the most versatile and best-loved performers of his generation. ...
Nigel Allan Havers (born 6 November 1949), styled The Hon. ...
James Fox (born 19 May 1939) is an English actor. ...
Maurice Jarre (born in Lyon, France, September 13, 1924) is a French composer of film scores, noted for his use of the Ondes Martenot, and for the scores of many films including a series of David Lean films, Lawrence of Arabia, Doctor Zhivago (1965), Ryans Daughter (1970) and A...
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December 14 is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
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Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ...
January 25 is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
// Events The Walt Disney Company founds Touchstone Pictures to release movies with subject matter deemed inappropriate for the Disney name. ...
Sir David Lean, KBE (March 25, 1908 – April 16, 1991) was an English film director and producer, best remembered for big-screen epics such as Lawrence of Arabia, The Bridge on the River Kwai, and Doctor Zhivago . ...
A Passage to India (1924) is a novel by E. M. Forster set against the backdrop of the British Raj and the the Indian independence movement in the 1920s. ...
E. M. Forster aged 36 in 1915 Edward Morgan Forster (January 1, 1879 – June 7, 1970) was an English novelist, short story writer, and essayist. ...
Synopsis
Spoiler warning: Plot and/or ending details follow. The film is set during the waning days of the British Raj, against a backdrop of the Indian Independence Movement. It begins with the arrival in India of a British woman, Miss Adela Quested, who is joining her fiancé, a colonial official named Ronnie Heaslop. She and Ronnie's mother, Mrs. Moore, befriend an Indian doctor, Aziz H. Ahmed. Dr. Aziz genuinely likes Mrs. Moore; however, he is also an ambitious young man anxious to ingratiate himself with the ruling class. When Mrs. Moore and Miss Quested profess an interest in seeing "the real India" (as opposed to the Anglicised environment Ronnie and his friends have constructed for themselves), Aziz offers to host an excursion to the Marabar Caves, a local geological oddity. The flag of British India Map of British India, 1855 The British Raj (Raj in Hindi meaning Rule from Sanskrit Rajya) refers to the British rule between 1858 and 1947 of the Indian Subcontinent, or present-day India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Myanmar, during the period whereby these lands were under...
The Indian independence movement incorporated the efforts by Indians to liberate the region from British rule and form the nation-state of India. ...
Miss Quested and Mrs. Moore agree readily, and the outing goes reasonably well until the two women begin exploring the caves. Mrs. Moore experiences an overwhelming sense of horror which completely quenches her good humour; worse, Miss Quested forms the delusion that Aziz is making sexual advances toward her. She flees the cave in a panic and is discovered running headlong down the hill, bloody and disheveled. Aziz is immediately jailed to await trial for attempted rape, and an uproar ensues between the Indians and the Colonials.
Miss Quested is not a vindictive or even an unusually neurotic person; rather, she is suffering from an abnormal mental state brought about by multiple factors--the remorseless heat, the strangeness of her surroundings, her growing dismay over her future husband's small, mean character, and (perhaps) her feelings of attraction, fraught with shame, for Dr. Aziz. Even as her case becomes a cause celebre among the British, her mind gradually clears and she realizes she has made a mistake. Cause c bre is a French phrase, literally meaning famous case, referring to events, frequently famous legal cases, that attract public attention and controversy. ...
To the consternation of her friends, she clears Dr. Aziz in open court. The Colonials are forced to make an ignominious retreat while the Indians carry Dr. Aziz out of the courtroom on their shoulders, cheering wildly. In the aftermath, Miss Quested breaks off her engagement and leaves India, while Dr. Aziz doffs his Western attire, dons traditional dress and withdraws completely from Anglo-Indian society. Although he remains angry and bitter for years, the final scene shows Miss Quested at home in England, reading a letter from Dr. Aziz conveying his thanks and forgiveness.
Adaptation While the film is relatively faithful to the novel, the ending is changed. The book ends with a bitter Aziz talking about how the British must be driven out and telling his British friend that because of their nationalities they can no longer be friends; while it is implied that someday British and Indians might be friends, the book concludes that it could not happen in the present. These scenes are not present in the film, which ends with Dr Aziz forgiving Miss Quested.
For unknown reasons, Cyril Fielding's first name was changed to Richard in the film.
Production
Casting Alec Guinness agreed to the role as Godbole despite having quarrelled with David Lean in the early 1960s. Lean had wanted him to play the title role in a proposed film about Gandhi (a project ultimately scrapped). According to Guinness's biography, Lean wanted him to play Gandhi because he felt "Hindus couldn't act". Guinness and Lean quarreled again on Passage to India, as they had on most of their other collaborations, and most of Guinness's scenes were cut for timing reasons. Guinness called it the worst role he ever did. (Piers Paul Read, Alec Guinness: The Authorized Biography.) Sir Alec Guinness, CH, CBE (April 2, 1914 – August 5, 2000) was an Academy Award and Tony Award-winning English actor who became one of the most versatile and best-loved performers of his generation. ...
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (October 2, 1869 – January 30, 1948) (Devanagari: मोहनदास करमचन्द गांधी, Gujarati મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી), called...
Piers Paul Read (born March 7, 1941 in Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, UK) is a novelist and non-fiction British writer and author. ...
E.M. Forster told Peggy Ashcroft he hoped she would one day play Mrs. Moore when he met her in 1960s, during the run of Santha Rama Rau's stage adaptation of Passage to India in London. Ashcroft was indeed cast in the film, largely due to the lobbying of Alec Guinness. Celia Johnson was also considered for the part. (Kevin Brownlow, David Lean: A Biography, p. 650) Edward Morgan Forster (January 1, 1879 - June 7, 1970) was an English novelist. ...
Dame Edith Margaret Emily Ashcroft, DBE (22 December 1907–14 June 1991) was an English actress. ...
Santha Rama Rau (1923–) is best known as a travel writer. ...
Sir Alec Guinness, CH, CBE (April 2, 1914 – August 5, 2000) was an Academy Award and Tony Award-winning English actor who became one of the most versatile and best-loved performers of his generation. ...
Dame Celia Johnson (1908-1982) was an English actress, famous for her role in the 1945 film, Brief Encounter, opposite Trevor Howard. ...
Kevin Brownlow (2 June 1938–) is a film historian, television documentary-maker, and author born in Crowborough, Sussex. ...
Peter O'Toole was Lean's first choice for the part of Fielding but the role eventually went to James Fox. (Brownlow, 672-3) Fox's brother Edward is erroneously listed by several sources as the performer of the role. (see, for example, the IMDB Cast List) Peter Seamus OToole (born Peter James OToole on August 2, 1932) is an acclaimed eight-time Academy Award-nominated actor best known for his iconic performances in such films as Lawrence of Arabia, Becket, The Lion in Winter, My Favorite Year, and, most recently, Venus. ...
James Fox (born 19 May 1939) is an English actor. ...
There have been several well-known individuals named Edward Fox, including: Edward Fox (c. ...
Filming The "Marabar Caves" in the film and novel were based on the Barabar Caves, some 35km north of Gaya. Lean visited the caves during pre-production but found them unphotogenic. Instead he used two separate hills a few miles from Bangalore, where much of the principal filming occurred, and the caves themselves were created by the production company. [1] Gaya was a confederacy of chiefdoms that existed in the Nakdong River valley of Korea during the Three Kingdoms era. ...
Bangalore (proposed to be renamed Bengalooru or Bengaluru) (Kannada: ; pronunciation: in Kannada and in English) is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. ...
David Lean isolated much of the cast and crew by taking solo credit for the editing and screenplay despite the collaborations of others. He quarreled with many cast members, including Guinness, Judy Davis, and Victor Bannerjee, and frequently insulted James Fox, who refused to fight with him[citation needed] Sir David Lean, KBE (March 25, 1908 – April 16, 1991) was an English film director and producer, best remembered for big-screen epics such as Lawrence of Arabia, The Bridge on the River Kwai, and Doctor Zhivago . ...
Judy Davis (born 23 April 1955) is an Academy Award-nominated Australian actress. ...
Victor Bannerjee is an Indian actor of Bengali descent, working in Hindi, Bengali and English language films. ...
James Fox (born 19 May 1939) is an English actor. ...
Reception A Passage to India did moderately well at the box office, taking in some $26 million in the US, but was not a blockbuster hit. However, the film was a critical success and revived Lean's reputation as a great film maker. Today, the film is highly thought of, but is generally considered not on a par with his earlier epics.[citation needed]Salman Rushdie critiqued this film in his essay "Outside the Whale." Salman Rushdie (born Ahmed Salman Rushdie, on June 19, 1947, in Bombay, India) is a British-Indian essayist and author of fiction, most of which is set on the Indian subcontinent. ...
Principal cast Victor Banerjee is an British educated Calcutta based Indian film actor who was acted for the films directed by David Lean ( A Passage to India ) and Satyajit Ray ( The Home and the World ). Though currently based in Bollywood, he is usually more familiar with the Bengali film industry. ...
Art Malik (born as Athar Ul-Haque Malik on November 13, 1952) is a Pakistani-born British actor. ...
Saeed Jaffrey (born 8 January 1929) is an Indian actor. ...
Roshan Seth Roshan Seth (born 17 August 1942) is a British Indian actor. ...
Judy Davis (born 23 April 1955) is an Academy Award-nominated Australian actress. ...
Dame Edith Margaret Emily Ashcroft, DBE (22 December 1907–14 June 1991) was an English actress. ...
Sir Alec Guinness, CH, CBE (April 2, 1914 – August 5, 2000) was an Academy Award and Tony Award-winning English actor who became one of the most versatile and best-loved performers of his generation. ...
Nigel Allan Havers (born 6 November 1949), styled The Hon. ...
James Fox (born 19 May 1939) is an English actor. ...
Richard Wilson OBE (born July 9, 1936) is a Scottish actor and theatre director, best known for playing Victor Meldrew in the popular BBC situation comedy One Foot in the Grave. ...
Michael Culver (born 16 July 1938 in Hampstead, London) is an English actor, best known to television viewers for his role as Major Erwin Brandt in the 1970s BBC drama Secret Army. ...
Awards
Academy Awards Winner Nominated The Academy Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role is one of the awards given to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences; nominations are made by Academy members who are actors and actresses. ...
Dame Edith Margaret Emily Ashcroft, DBE (22 December 1907–14 June 1991) was an English actress. ...
From Rule Sixteen of the Special Rules for The Music Awards Original Score: An original score is a substantial body of music in the form of dramatic underscoring written specifically for the film by the submitting composer. ...
The Academy Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role is one of the awards given to actresses, or female actors, working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences; nominations are made by Academy members who are actors and actresses. ...
Judy Davis (born 23 April 1955) is an Academy Award-nominated Australian actress. ...
The Academy Awards are the oldest awards ceremony for achievements in motion pictures. ...
The Academy Award for Best Cinematography is awarded each year to a cinematographer for his work in one particular motion picture. ...
This Academy Award was first given for movies made in 1948 when separate awards were given for black-and-white and color movies. ...
The Academy Award for Directing is an accolade given to the person that the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences feels was best director of the past year. ...
The Academy Award for Film Editing was first given for films issued in 1934. ...
// The Academy Award for Best Motion Picture is one of the Academy Awards, awards given to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, which are voted on by others within the industry. ...
The Academy Award for Sound Mixing is an Academy Award that recognizes the finest or most aesthetic sound mixing or recording, and is generally awarded to the production sound mixers and re-recording mixers of the winning film. ...
The Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay is one of the Academy Awards, the most prominent film awards in the United States. ...
Golden Globes The film won the Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Film. The Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film is one of the awards presented at the Golden Globes, an American film awards ceremony. ...
Connections with other films According to Peter McLuskie of the Museum of Broadcast Communications, Passage of India can be linked to "a cycle of film and television productions which emerged during the first half of the 1980s, which seemed to indicate Britain's growing preoccupation with India, Empire and a particular aspect of British cultural history" [2]. McLuskie suggests that other films n this cycle include Gandhi (1982), Heat and Dust (1983), The Far Pavilions (1983), The Jewel in the Crown (1984) and Lord Mountbatten: The Last Viceroy (1985). This preoccupation extended to "escapist" fare like the James Bond adventure Octopussy (1983), and even the Hollywood film Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984), which were also primarily set in India. The Museum of Broadcast Communications is located in Chicago, Illinois. ...
The 1980s refers to the years of 1980 to 1989. ...
Gandhi (1982) is an Oscar, BAFTA and Golden Globe winning British - Indian production, directed by Richard Attenborough, about the life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (also known as Mahatma Gandhi, Great Soul), leader of the nonviolent resistance movement against British colonial rule in India during the first half of the 20th...
Book cover Heat and Dust is a novel by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala which won the Booker Prize in 1975. ...
The Far Pavilions is an epic novel of British-Indian history by M. M. Kaye, first published in 1978, which tells the story of an English officer during the Great Game. ...
The Jewel in the Crown is a British television drama series produced by Granada Television for ITV and based on the Raj Quartet novels by Paul Scott. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Octopussy is the thirteenth James Bond film made by EON Productions. ...
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom is a 1984 action/adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg. ...
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