NationMaster - Encyclopedia: A380F

The Airbus A380 is a double-deck, four-engined airliner manufactured by EADS (Airbus S.A.S.) It first flew on 27 April 2005 from Toulouse, France. Commercial flights are scheduled to begin in 2007 after lengthy delays. During much of its development phase, the aircraft was known as the Airbus A3XX. The nickname Superjumbo has become associated with the A380. nhgcnbvcnbvcnbvcbnvcnvbcnbvc Headline text bvcnbv File links The following pages link to this file: Airbus A380 BAE Systems The Human Factor (book) ... An Airbus A340 airliner operated by Air Jamaica An airliner is a large fixed-wing aircraft with the primary function of transporting paying passengers. ... An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, and/or spacecraft. ... This article is about the airliner manufacturer. ... The Maiden flight of an aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April 27 is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 248 days remaining. ... Singapore Airlines Limited (Abbreviation: SIA; Malay: Syarikat Penerbangan Singapura, Chinese: ; pinyin: ; abbreviated æ–°èˆª) SGX: S55 is the national airline of Singapore. ... December 12 is the 346th day (347th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 19 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... 2007 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory[1], the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Turks and Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ... 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A double decker is a bus, airplane, train, tram, ferry, or any public transit vehicle that has two levels for passengers, one deck above the other. ... A jetliner is an airliner powered by jet engines (usually of the turbofan type). ... This article is about the airliner manufacturer. ... April 27 is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 248 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... New city flag (Occitan cross) Traditional coat of arms Motto: (Occitan: For Toulouse, always more) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Region Midi-PyrÃ©nÃ©es Department Haute-Garonne (31) Intercommunality Community of Agglomeration of Greater Toulouse Mayor Jean-Luc Moudenc (UMP) (since 2004) City Statistics... // A nickname is a short, clever, cute, derogatory, or otherwise substitute name for a person or things real name (for example, Bob, Rob, Robby, Robbie, Robi, Robin, Bobby, Rab, Rabbie, Bert, Bertie, Butch, Bobbers, Bobert, Beto, Bobadito, and Robban (in Sweden), are all nicknames for Robert). ...

The A380's upper deck extends along the entire length of the fuselage. This allows for a spacious cabin with 50% more floor space than the next largest airliner, the Boeing 747-400, and provides seating for 555 people in standard three-class configuration or up to 853 people in full economy class configuration.^[1] Two models of the A380 are available. The A380-800, the passenger model, is the largest passenger airliner in the world,^[2] superseding the Boeing 747. The other model, the A380-800F, will be one of the largest freight aircraft and will have a payload capacity exceeded only by the Antonov An-225.^[3] The A380-800 has a maximum range of 15,000 kilometres (8,000 nmi, sufficient to fly from Chicago to Sydney nonstop), and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 (about 900 km/h or 560 mph at cruise altitude).^[2] Virgin Atlantic Airways Boeing 747-400 Tinker Belle taxiing to the take off point at London Heathrow Airport The Boeing 747-400 is at present the only model of the Boeing 747 in production and will remain the largest commercial airliner in service until the introduction of the Airbus A380. ... A travel class is a quality of accommodation on public transport. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Boeing 747, commonly called a Jumbo Jet, is among the most recognizable jet airliners, and is among the largest passenger airliners. ... Freight aircraft, also called a freighter, are airliners converted for cargo hauling through the removal of passenger ammenities and the installation of a large cargo door. ... The An-225 Mriya (ÐÐ½Ñ‚Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð² ÐÐ½-225 ÐœÑ€Ñ–Ñ, NATO reporting name: Cossack) is a strategic airlift transport aircraft which was built by Antonov, and is the worlds largest powered aircraft. ... km redirects here. ... A nautical mile is a unit of distance, or, as physical scientists like to call it, length. ... Nickname: The Windy City, The Second City, Chi Town, City of the Big Shoulders, The 312, The City that Works Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in Chicagoland and Illinois Coordinates: Country United States State Illinois County Cook & DuPage Incorporated March 4, 1837 - Mayor... The Sydney Opera House on Sydney Harbour Sydney (pronounced ) is the most populous city in Australia with a metropolitan area population of over 4. ... An F/A-18 Hornet breaking the sound barrier. ...

History

Development

Airbus started the development of a very large airliner in the early 1990s, both to complete its own range of products and to break the dominance that Boeing had enjoyed in this market segment since the early 1970s with its 747. McDonnell Douglas pursued a similar strategy with its ultimately unsuccessful MD-12 design. As each manufacturer looked to build a successor to the 747, they knew there was room for only one new aircraft to be profitable in the 600 to 800 seat market segment. Each knew the risk of splitting such a niche market, as had been demonstrated by the simultaneous debut of the Lockheed L-1011 and the McDonnell Douglas DC-10: either aircraft met the market’s needs, but the market could profitably sustain only one model, eventually resulting in Lockheed's departure from the civil airliner business. In January 1993, Boeing and several companies in the Airbus consortium started a joint feasibility study of an aircraft known as the Very Large Commercial Transport (VLCT), aiming to form a partnership to share the limited market. Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 1740 KB)The first completed A380 at the A380 Reveal event in Toulouse 2005-01-19 From german Wikipedia. ... Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 1740 KB)The first completed A380 at the A380 Reveal event in Toulouse 2005-01-19 From german Wikipedia. ... This article is 150 kilobytes or more in size. ... The Boeing Company (NYSE: BA, TYO: 7661 ) is an aerospace and defense corporation headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... The Boeing 747, commonly called a Jumbo Jet, is among the most recognizable jet airliners, and is among the largest passenger airliners. ... DC-10, retired from American Airlines fleet at gate McDonnell Douglas was a major American aerospace manufacturer, producing a number of famous commercial and military aircraft. ... The McDonnell Douglas MD-12 was a design study undertaken by the McDonnell Douglas company in the 1990s. ... A niche market is a focused, targetable portion of a market sector. ... The Lockheed L-1011 TriStar, commonly referred to as just L-1011 (pronounced ell-ten-eleven), was the third widebody passenger jet airliner to enter operation, following the Boeing 747 and the McDonnell Douglas DC-10. ... The McDonnell Douglas DC-10 is a three-engined medium to long-range widebody airliner, with two engines mounted on underwing pylons and a third engine at the base of the vertical stabilizer. ... The Lockheed SR-71, remarkably advanced for its time and unsurpassed in many areas of performance The Lockheed U-2 first flew in 1955 providing much needed intelligence on Soviet bloc countries Lockheed Corporation was an aerospace company founded in 1912 which merged with Martin Marietta in 1995 to form...

In June 1994, Airbus began developing its own very large airliner, designated the A3XX. Airbus considered several designs, including an odd side-by-side combination of two fuselages from the A340, which was Airbus’s largest jet at the time.^[1] The A3XX was pitted against the VLCT study and Boeing’s own New Large Aircraft successor to the 747, which evolved into the 747X, a stretched version of the 747 with the fore body "hump" extended rearwards to accommodate more passengers. The joint VLCT effort ended in July 1996, and Boeing suspended the 747X program in January 1997 — only to resurrect it several times before finally launching the 747-8 Intercontinental in November 2005. From 1997 to 2000, as the East Asian financial crisis darkened the market outlook, Airbus refined its design, targeting a 15 to 20 percent reduction in operating costs over the existing Boeing 747-400. The A3XX design converged on a double-decker layout that provided higher seat capacities than a traditional single-deck design. The Airbus A340 is a long-range four-engined widebody commercial passenger airplane manufactured by EADS (Airbus S.A.S.). It is similar in design to the two-engined A330. ... The Boeing NLA, or New Large Aircraft, was a 1990s concept for an all-new airliner in the 500+ seat market. ... The Boeing 747-8 is the latest variant of the Boeing 747, officially announced on November 14, 2005 as an evolutionary development of the Boeing 747-400. ... The East Asian financial crisis was a period of economic unrest that started in July 1997 in Thailand and affected currencies, stock markets, and other asset prices in several Asian countries, many considered East Asian Tigers. ... Virgin Atlantic Airways Boeing 747-400 Tinker Belle taxiing to the take off point at London Heathrow Airport The Boeing 747-400 is at present the only model of the Boeing 747 in production and will remain the largest commercial airliner in service until the introduction of the Airbus A380. ...

On 19 December 2000, the supervisory board of newly restructured Airbus voted to launch a € 8.8 billion program to build the A3XX, re-christened as the A380, with 55 orders from six launch customers. The A380 designation was a break from previous sequential Airbus designations because the numeral 8 resembles the double-deck cross section, and symbolizes good luck in some Asian cultures. The aircraft’s final configuration was frozen in early 2001, and manufacturing of the first A380 wing box component started on 23 January 2002. The development cost of the A380 had grown to € 11 billion when the first aircraft was completed. December 19 is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... ISO 4217 Code EUR User(s) European Union: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Republic of Ireland, Italy (except Campione dItalia), Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia and Spain. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ...

Testing

The first A380 prototype, serial number 001 and registration F-WWOW, was unveiled at a ceremony in Toulouse on 18 January 2005. Its maiden flight took place at 8:29 UTC (10:29 a.m. local time) 27 April 2005. The prototype, equipped with Trent 900 engines, departed runway 32L of Toulouse Blagnac International Airport with a flight crew of six headed by test pilot Jacques Rosay, carrying 22 short tons (20 metric tons) of flight test instrumentation and water ballasts. The take-off weight of the aircraft was 421 tonnes (464 short tons); although this was only 75% of its maximum take-off weight, it was the heaviest take-off weight of any passenger airliner ever flown. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1428x1071, 897 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Airbus A380 Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1428x1071, 897 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Airbus A380 Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner... A Flight Test Engineer is an engineer involved in the Flight testing of prototype aircraft. ... An Airbus A340 at Farnborough The Red Arrows in formation at Farnborough The Farnborough International Exhibition and Flying Display is an international trade fair for the aerospace business. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1360x888, 310 KB) Summary Photo I have taken at the 2005 Dubai Airshow of the new Airbus A380 painted in full Emirates Airlines Colors. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1360x888, 310 KB) Summary Photo I have taken at the 2005 Dubai Airshow of the new Airbus A380 painted in full Emirates Airlines Colors. ... The biennial show is organised by Fairs & Exhibitions (1992)Ltd since the year 1989; in cooperation with the Government of Dubai, the Department of Civil Aviation-Dubai and Dubai International Airport in collaboration with the United Arab Emirates Armed Forces. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Prototyping. ... January 18 is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... ... April 27 is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 248 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Rolls-Royce Trent 900 on A380 prototype Rolls Royce Trent is a family of high-bypass turbofan engines manufactured by Rolls-Royce. ... Toulouse Blagnac International Airport (IATA: TLS, ICAO: LFBO) is located in the south of France. ... Test pilots are aviators who fly new and modified aircraft in specific maneuvers, allowing the results to be measured and the design to be evaluated. ... The short ton is a unit of mass equal to 907. ... A tonne (also called metric ton) is a non-SI unit of mass, accepted for use with SI, defined as: 1 tonne = 103 kg (= 106 g). ... Flight test instrumentation is the name given to the recording and monitoring equipment fitted to experimental aircraft to monitor their behaviour in flight. ...

In mid-November 2005, the A380 embarked on a tour of Southeast Asia and Australia for promotional and for long-haul flight testing purposes, visiting Singapore, Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne and Kuala Lumpur. During this tour, the colours of Singapore Airlines, Qantas and Malaysia Airlines were applied in addition to the Airbus house colours. On 19 November, an A380 flew in full Emirates colours at the Dubai Air Show. Flight test is a branch of aeronautical engineering that develops and gathers data during flight and then analyses the data to evaluate the flight characteristics of the aircraft and validate its design, including safety aspects. ... Brisbane (pronounced ) is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Queensland, and is the third largest city in Australia, with a metropolitan population of 1. ... The Sydney Opera House on Sydney Harbour Sydney (pronounced ) is the most populous city in Australia with a metropolitan area population of over 4. ... Melbournes Yarra River is a popular area for walking, jogging, cycling, rowing and for relaxing on the banks with a picnic Melbourne (pronounced ) is the second most populous city in Australia, with a metropolitan area population of approximately 3. ... Nickname: KL Motto: Maju dan makmur (Malay: Peace and progress) Location in Malaysia Coordinates: Country Malaysia State Federal Territory Establishment 1857 Granted city status 1974 - Mayor (Datuk Bandar) Abdul Hakim Borhan From 14 December 2006 Area - City 243. ... Singapore Airlines Limited (Abbreviation: SIA; Malay: Syarikat Penerbangan Singapura, Chinese: ; pinyin: ; abbreviated æ–°èˆª) SGX: S55 is the national airline of Singapore. ... Qantas (pronounced ) is the name and callsign of the worlds second oldest continuously running independent airline behind KLM. It is the 10th largest airline in the world. ... Malaysia Airlines (Abbreviated: MAS ; Malay: Penerbangan Malaysia) is the national airline of Malaysia, serving international and domestic destinations. ... November 19 is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Boeing 777-300ER Emirates redirects here. ...

On 10 January 2006, the A380 made its first transatlantic flight to Medellín in Colombia, to test engine performance at a high altitude airport. It arrived in North America on 6 February, when an A380 landed in Iqaluit, Nunavut in Canada for cold-weather testing. The same aircraft then flew to Singapore to participate in the Asian Aerospace 2006 exhibition, in full Singapore Airlines livery. January 10 is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Nickname: The City of Everlasting Spring, Mountains Capital, City Of The Flowers, Orchids Capital, Beautiful Village, Little Silver Cup, Medallo Coordinates: Departamento Antioquia Region Valle de AburrÃ¡ Alcalde Sergio Fajardo Valderrama Area - City 382 kmÂ² Elevation 1495 m Population - City (2006) 2,223,078 - Density 5320. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... February 6 is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Governing Body Iqaluit Municipal Council Location Land area 52. ... Singapore Airlines Limited (Abbreviation: SIA; Malay: Syarikat Penerbangan Singapura, Chinese: ; pinyin: ; abbreviated æ–°èˆª) SGX: S55 is the national airline of Singapore. ...

On 26 March 2006, the A380 underwent evacuation certification in Hamburg in Germany. The test, performed to meet regulatory requirements, involved evacuating 853 passengers and 20 crew from the aircraft within 90 seconds, with 8 of the 16 exits blocked. The evacuation was successfully completed in 78 seconds.^[4] Three days later, the A380 received European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approval to carry up to 853 passengers, indicating that the evacuation trial had met their certification standards.^[5] March 26 is the 85th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (86th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Hamburg from above Hamburgs motto: May the posterity endeavour with dignity to conserve the freedom, which the forefathers acquired. ... European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is an agency of the European Union with offices in Cologne, Germany, which has been given specific regulatory and executive tasks in the field of aviation safety. ... FAA redirects here. ...

Five A380s have been built for testing and demonstration purposes. The first A380 slated for delivery to a customer, serial number 003 and registration F-WWSA, took to the air in May 2006. The maiden flight of the first A380 with GP7200 engines (F-WWEA) took place on 25 August 2006. Mock-up picture in Emirates colours The Engine Alliance GP7200 is a new turbofan jet engine that will incorporate state-of-the-art advanced technologies of proven wide-body products from the worlds No. ... August 25 is the 237th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (238th in leap years), with 128 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

On 4 September 2006, the first full passenger-carrying flight test took place.^[6] The aircraft flew from Toulouse with 474 Airbus employees on board, in the first of a series of flights to test passenger facilities and comfort. In November 2006, a further series of route proving flights took place to demonstrate the aircraft's performance for 150 flight hours under typical airline operating conditions. September 4 is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Toulouse Blagnac International Airport (IATA: TLS, ICAO: LFBO) is located in the south of France. ...

As of February 2007, eight A380s had flown, and the five A380s in the test program had logged over 2,900 hours during 1995 test flights. During testing the A380 visited 18 countries: Australia, Canada, China, Colombia, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom. Airbus obtained the A380 type certificate from the EASA and FAA on 12 December 2006 in a joint ceremony at the company's French headquarters.^[7] The airframe still needs to receive production certification. A Type Certificate (sometimes called Airworthiness Certificate), is awarded by aviation regulating bodies (such as FAA in US and EASA in EU) to aerospace firms after it has been established that the particular design of aircraft, engines or propeller submitted has fulfilled the regulating bodies current prevailing airworthiness requirements for... December 12 is the 346th day (347th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 19 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

Delivery delays

Initial production of the A380 was plagued by a series of delays attributed to the 500 kilometres (300 miles) of wiring in each aircraft. Airbus cited as underlying causes the complexity of the cabin wiring, its concurrent design and production, the use of two incompatible versions of the CATIA computer-aided design software, the high degree of customisation for each airline, and failures of configuration management and change control.^[8]^[9] Deliveries would be pushed back by nearly two years. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1200x800, 276 KB) self taken File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1200x800, 276 KB) self taken File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... CATIA (Computer Aided Three dimensional Interactive Application) is a multi-platform PLM/CAD/CAM/CAE commercial software suite developed by Dassault Systemes and marketed world-wide by IBM. // Commonly referred to as a 3D Product Lifecycle Management software suite, CATIA supports multiple stages of product development. ... CAD redirects here. ... In information technology and telecommunications, the term configuration management or configuration control has the following meanings: The management of security features and assurances through control of changes made to hardware, software, firmware, documentation, test, test fixtures and test documentation of an automated information system, throughout the development and operational life... Change Control is a formal process used to ensure a product, service or process is only modified in line with the identified necessary change. ...

While Airbus attributes the delays entirely to wiring, industry analyst Richard Aboulafia, noting that the first A380 will be around 5.5 tons heavier than intended, speculates that the weight problems "[go] a long way in explaining the delay", and that "wiring alone did not explain what we were all hearing. It sounds like weight-reduction design changes are a big part of the delay, too."^[10] Richard Aboulafia is one of the pre-eminent aviation analysts of the post cold war era. ... Look up ton in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Airbus announced the first delay in June 2005 and notified airlines that delivery would slip by six months, with Singapore Airlines expecting the first A380 in the last quarter of 2006, Qantas getting its first delivery in April 2007 and Emirates receiving aircraft before 2008. This reduced the number of planned deliveries by the end of 2009 from about 120 to 90-100. Singapore Airlines Limited (Abbreviation: SIA; Malay: Syarikat Penerbangan Singapura, Chinese: ; pinyin: ; abbreviated æ–°èˆª) SGX: S55 is the national airline of Singapore. ... Qantas (pronounced ) is the name and callsign of the worlds second oldest continuously running independent airline behind KLM. It is the 10th largest airline in the world. ... Boeing 777-300ER Emirates redirects here. ...

On 13 June 2006 Airbus announced a second delay, with the delivery schedule undergoing an additional shift of six to seven months. Although the first delivery was still slated before the end of 2006, deliveries in 2007 would drop to only 9 aircraft, and deliveries by the end of 2009 would be cut to 70–80 aircraft. The announcement caused a 26% drop in the share price of Airbus's parent, EADS, and led to the departure of EADS CEO Noël Forgeard, Airbus CEO Gustav Humbert, and A380 program manager Charles Champion.^[11] In the wake of the new delay, Malaysia Airlines and ILFC were reported to be considering the cancellation of their orders.^[12]^[13] Launch customers Singapore Airlines, Emirates and Qantas also were reported to be angered by the delays and expecting compensation.^[14] However, on 21 July 2006, Singapore Airlines ordered a further 9 A380s and stated that Airbus had "demonstrated to our satisfaction that the engineering design for the A380 is sound [and that] it has performed well in flight and certification tests and the delays in its delivery have been caused more by production, rather than technical, issues."^[15] June 13 is the 164th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (165th in leap years), with 201 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... The European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company EADS N.V. (EADS) is a large European aerospace corporation, formed by the merger on July 10, 2000 of AÃ©rospatiale-Matra of France, Construcciones AeronÃ¡uticas SA (CASA) of Spain, and DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG (DASA) of Germany. ... NoÃ«l Forgeard (born December 8, 1946) is a French industrialist, and is joint CEO of EADS. Until June 2005 Foregard was CEO of the aircraft manufacturer Airbus SAS. In late 2004 he was nominated as the next French CEO of EADS. This position is shared with a German - then... Dr. Gustav Humbert (born in Celle, Germany in February 1950) has been a member of Airbusâ€™ Executive Committee since July 2000, and at that time also was the Chief Operating Officer. ... Malaysia Airlines (Abbreviated: MAS ; Malay: Penerbangan Malaysia) is the national airline of Malaysia, serving international and domestic destinations. ... ILFC (International Lease Finance Corporation, though the abbreviation is the more common usage) has headquarters in Los Angeles, California, USA. It is the worlds largest aircraft lessor, though ILFCs archrival, General Electrics GECAS unit has more aircraft. ... July 21 is the 202nd day (203rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 163 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

On 3 October 2006, upon completion of a review of the A380 program, the then CEO of Airbus, Christian Streiff, announced a third delay.^[16] The largest delay yet, it pushed the first delivery for Singapore Airlines to October 2007, to be followed by 13 deliveries in 2008, 25 in 2009, and the full production rate of 45 aircraft per year in 2010. The delay also increased the earnings shortfall projected by Airbus through 2010 to € 4.8 billion.^[17] The customer with the largest A380 order, Emirates, saw its first delivery pushed back to August 2008 and said as a result that it was considering scaling back its order,^[18] potentially in favour of the rival Boeing 747-8.^[17] Virgin Atlantic deferred its deliveries by four years, to 2013.^[19] Initial deliveries for the A380 freighter were delayed into 2010.^[20] The third delay was followed by the first cancellation to hit the A380 program, as FedEx dropped its order for ten A380F freighters in favor of 15 Boeing 777 Freighters.^[21] On 20 January 2007, Airbus announced that it had solved the problems with cabin wiring and that the first commercial jet could be delivered to Singapore Airlines in October 2007 as planned^[22]. Due to long delays in production of the A380, two customers cancelled their orders and several launch customers deferred delivery, or considered switching their order to the unbuilt Boeing 747-8 and 777F aircraft, at significant cost to Airbus.^[17]^[23] Later, on 2 March 2007, another cancellation hit the A380 program as UPS cancelled its order for 10 freighter versions. On 1 March 2007, Airbus announced that it had suspended work on the freighter version in order to concentrate on the passenger version.^[24] October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Christian Streiff is the CEO of the aircraft manufacturer Airbus S.A.S., he was nominated to this position on 2nd July 2006. ... The Boeing 747-8 is the latest variant of the Boeing 747, officially announced on November 14, 2005 as an evolutionary development of the Boeing 747-400. ... Virgin Atlantic Airways Ltd. ... FedEx Express is the worlds largest cargo airline based in Memphis, Tennessee, USA. It is a subsidiary of the FedEx Corporation and delivers packages and freight to 220 countries each day. ... The Boeing 777 is a family of long-range wide-body twin-engine airliners built by Boeings Commercial Airplanes division. ... January 20 is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... The Boeing 747-8 is the latest variant of the Boeing 747, officially announced on November 14, 2005 as an evolutionary development of the Boeing 747-400. ... UPS stands for: // Business United Parcel Service, a package delivery company serving most of the world, headquartered in Sandy Springs, Georgia, USA Universal Press Syndicate United Package Smashers, a website critical of United Parcel Service. ... March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ...

Entry into service

Singapore Airlines plans to use its first aircraft, in a 485-seat configuration, on its London–Singapore–Sydney (the kangaroo route) service. The airline has not given a specific date for its entry into service, though the latest updates state the end of 2007.^[16] Subsequent routes for Singapore Airlines may include the Singapore–San Francisco route via Hong Kong, as well as direct flights to Paris and Frankfurt. Qantas has announced it will use the A380, in a 501-seat configuration, on its Melbourne and Sydney to Los Angeles routes. Air France's aircraft will be used on the Paris to Montreal and New York routes. This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... The Sydney Opera House on Sydney Harbour Sydney (pronounced ) is the most populous city in Australia with a metropolitan area population of over 4. ... The kangaroo route is a term to denote passenger airline flights between Europe and Australia and New Zealand. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du TrocadÃ©ro. ... For other uses, see Frankfurt (disambiguation). ... Melbournes Yarra River is a popular area for walking, jogging, cycling, rowing and for relaxing on the banks with a picnic Melbourne (pronounced ) is the second most populous city in Australia, with a metropolitan area population of approximately 3. ... The Sydney Opera House on Sydney Harbour Sydney (pronounced ) is the most populous city in Australia with a metropolitan area population of over 4. ... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Angels Location Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates , Government State County California Los Angeles County Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (D) Geographical characteristics Area City 1,290. ... Air France (Compagnie Nationale Air France) is a subsidiary of Air France-KLM. Before its merger with KLM, it was the national airline of France, employing 71,654 people (as of January 2005). ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du TrocadÃ©ro. ... Nickname: City of Mary Motto: Concordia Salus Coordinates: Country Canada Province QuÃ©bec Founded 1642 Established 1832 - Mayor GÃ©rald Tremblay Area [1] [2] - City 185. ... NY redirects here. ...

Design

The new Airbus is sold in two models. The A380-800 can carry 555 passengers in a three-class configuration or up to 853 passengers in a single-class economy configuration. The range for the -800 model is 15,000 kilometres (8,000 nmi).^[2] The second model, the A380-800F freighter, will carry 150 tonnes of cargo 10,400 km (5,600 nmi).^[3] Future variants may include an A380-900 stretch seating about 650 passengers (or up to 1,000 passengers in an all economy configuration), a shortened A380-700 seating about 455 passengers, and an extended range version with the same passenger capacity as the A380-800. Image File history File links Airbus_A380_cross_section. ... Image File history File links Airbus_A380_cross_section. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A travel class is a quality of accommodation on public transport. ... A tonne or metric ton (symbol t), sometimes referred to as a metric tonne, is a measurement of mass equal to 1,000 kilograms. ...

The A380's wing is sized for a Maximum Take-Off Weight (MTOW) over 650 metric tonnes in order to accommodate these future versions, albeit with some strengthening required.^[1] The stronger wing (and structure) is used on the A380-800F freighter. This common design approach sacrifices some fuel efficiency on the A380-800 passenger model, but Airbus estimates that the sheer size of the aircraft, coupled with the significant advances in technology described below, will provide lower operating costs per passenger than all current 747 variants. In aviation, the Maximum Take-Off Weight (or MTOW) is the maximum weight with which an aircraft is allowed to try to achieve flight. ... Fuel efficiency sometimes means the same as thermal efficiency, that is, the efficiency of converting energy contained in a carrier fuel to kinetic energy or work. ... The Boeing 747, commonly called a Jumbo Jet, is among the most recognizable jet airliners, and is among the largest passenger airliners. ...

Cockpit

Airbus used similar cockpit layout, procedures and handling characteristics to those of other Airbus aircraft, to reduce crew training costs. Accordingly, the A380 features an improved glass cockpit, and fly-by-wire flight controls linked to side-sticks. The improved cockpit displays feature eight 15-by-20 cm (6-by-8-inch) liquid crystal displays, all of which are physically identical and interchangeable. These comprise two Primary Flight Displays, two navigation displays, one engine parameter display, one system display and two Multi-Function Displays. These MFDs are new with the A380, and provide an easy-to-use interface to the flight management system—replacing three multifunction control and display units. They include QWERTY keyboards and trackballs, interfacing with a graphical "point-and-click" display navigation system.^[25] A Glass cockpit is an aircraft cockpit that features electronic instrument displays. ... A flight control system consists of the flight control surfaces, the respective cockpit controls, connecting linkage, and necessary operating mechanisms to control aircraft in flight The basic fundamentals of aircraft controls has been explained in aeronautics. ... Joystick elements: 1. ... Reflective twisted nematic liquid crystal display. ... A primary flight display is a modern aircraft instrument dedicated to flight information. ... MFD Avidyne MFD used in many General Aviation aircraft A Multi-function display (MFD) is a small screen (CRT or LCD) in an aircraft surrounded by multiple buttons that can be used to display information to the pilot in numerous configurable ways. ... A Flight Managment System is a little computer onboard almost every aircraft that will guide the aircraft to it designated destination. ... A typewriter with the QWERTY layout QWERTY (pronounced ) is the most common modern-day keyboard layout on English-language computer and typewriter keyboards. ... A graphical user interface (or GUI, often pronounced gooey), is a particular case of user interface for interacting with a computer which employs graphical images and widgets in addition to text to represent the information and actions available to the user. ... Point and click describes the simple action of a computer user moving a cursor to a certain location on a screen (point) and then clicking a mouse button, usually the left one (click), or other pointing device. ...

Engines

Either the Rolls-Royce Trent 900 or Engine Alliance GP7200 turbofans may power the A380. Both are derived from predecessors (Trent 800, GE90 and PW4000) available on the Boeing 777. The Trent 900 core is a scaled version of the Trent 500, but incorporates the swept fan technology of the stillborn Trent 8104.^[26] The GP7200 has a GE90-derived core and PW4090-derived fan and low-pressure turbo-machinery.^[27] Noise reduction was a driving requirement for the A380, and particularly affects engine design. Both engine types are expected to allow the aircraft to meet the stringent QC/2 departure noise limits set by London's Heathrow Airport, which is expected to become a key destination for the A380.^[1] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1280x960, 510 KB) Beschreibung Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Rolls-Royce Rolls-Royce Trent Rolls-Royce plc Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1280x960, 510 KB) Beschreibung Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Rolls-Royce Rolls-Royce Trent Rolls-Royce plc Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added... Rolls-Royce plc is a British aircraft engine maker; the second-largest in the world, behind General Electric Aviation. ... Rolls-Royce Trent 900 on A380 prototype Rolls Royce Trent is a family of high-bypass turbofan engines manufactured by Rolls-Royce. ... Rolls-Royce plc is a British aircraft engine maker; the second-largest in the world, behind General Electric Aviation. ... Rolls-Royce Trent 900 on A380 prototype Rolls Royce Trent is a family of high-bypass turbofan engines manufactured by Rolls-Royce. ... The Engine Alliance, a 50/50 joint venture between General Electric and Pratt & Whitney, was formed in August 1996 to develop, manufacture, sell, and support a family of modern technology engines for new high-capacity, long-range aircraft. ... Mock-up picture in Emirates colours The Engine Alliance GP7200 is a new turbofan jet engine that will incorporate state-of-the-art advanced technologies of proven wide-body products from the worlds No. ... It has been suggested that Fan (turbofan) be merged into this article or section. ... Rolls-Royce Trent 900 on A380 prototype Rolls Royce Trent is a family of high-bypass turbofan engines manufactured by Rolls-Royce. ... NASA GE90 airflow simulation General Electric GE90 is a family of high-bypass turbofan engines built by General Electric for the Boeing 777, with thrust ranging from 74,000 to 115,000 lbf (329 to 512 kN). ... A Pratt & Whitney 4098 thrust engine for advanced Boeing 777 models at Boeings Future of Flight museum The Pratt & Whitney PW4000 is a family of high-bypass turbofan aircraft engines with certified thrust ranging from 52,000 to 99,040 lbf (230 to 441 kN). ... The Boeing 777 is a family of long-range wide-body twin-engine airliners built by Boeings Commercial Airplanes division. ... Rolls-Royce Trent 900 on A380 prototype Rolls Royce Trent is a family of high-bypass turbofan engines manufactured by Rolls-Royce. ... London Heathrow Airport (IATA: LHR, ICAO: EGLL), often referred to as Heathrow, is one of the busiest airports in the world. ...

Advanced materials

Composite materials make up 25% of the A380's airframe, by weight. Carbon-fibre reinforced plastic, glass-fiber reinforced plastic and quartz-fiber reinforced plastic are used extensively in wings, fuselage sections, tail surfaces, and doors. The A380 is the first commercial airliner with a central wing box made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, and it is the first to have a wing cross-section that is smoothly contoured. Other commercial airliners have wings that are partitioned in sections. The flowing, continuous cross-section allows for maximum aerodynamic efficiency. Thermoplastics are used in the leading edges of the slats. The new material GLARE (GLAss-REinforced fibre metal laminate) is used in the upper fuselage and on the stabilizers' leading edges. This aluminium-glass-fibre laminate is lighter and has better corrosion and impact resistance than conventional aluminium alloys used in aviation. Unlike earlier composite materials, it can be repaired using conventional aluminium repair techniques.^[28] Newer weldable aluminium alloys are also used. This enables the widespread use of laser welding manufacturing techniques — eliminating rows of rivets and resulting in a lighter, stronger structure.^{[citation needed]} Composite materials (or composites for short) are engineering materials made from two or more components. ... Carbon fiber reinforced plastic or (CFRP or CRP), is a strong, light and very expensive composite material or fiber reinforced plastic. ... The composite Rutan VariEze, a home-build light aircraft Glass-reinforced plastic (GRP), is a composite material or fiber-reinforced plastic made of a plastic reinforced by fine fibers made of glass. ... A thermoplastic is a plastic that softens when heated and hardens again when cooled. ... Slats are small aerodynamic surfaces on the leading edge of an airplane wing which, when deployed, allow the wing to operate at a higher angle of attack. ... GLARE is a GLAss-REinforced Fibre Metal Laminate (FML), composed of several very thin layers of metal (usually aluminium) interspersed with layers of glass-fibre pre-preg, bonded together with a matrix such as epoxy. ... Aluminum is a soft and lightweight metal with a dull silvery appearance, due to a thin layer of oxidation that forms quickly when it is exposed to air. ... Bundle of fiberglass Fiberglass or glassfibre is material made from extremely fine fibers of glass. ... Bold textBold textBold textBold text // Laminate A laminate is a material constructed by uniting two or more layers of material together. ... An alloy is a combination, either in solution or compound, of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, and where the resultant material has metallic properties. ... Welding is a fabrication process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing coalescence. ... A laser (acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) is an optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam. ...

Avionics architecture

The A380 employs an Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) architecture, first used in advanced military aircraft such as the F-22 Raptor and the Eurofighter Typhoon. It is based on a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) design. Many previous dedicated single-purpose avionics computers are replaced by dedicated software housed in onboard processor modules and servers. This cuts the number of parts, provides increased flexibility without resorting to customised avionics, and reduces costs by using commercially available computing power.^[25] Together with IMA, the A380 avionics are very highly networked. The data communication networks use Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet, following the ARINC 664 standard. The data networks are switched, full-duplexed, star-topology and based on 100baseTX fast-Ethernet. This reduces the amount of wiring required and minimizes latency. ^[29] The Network Systems Server (NSS) is the heart of A380 paperless cockpit. It eliminates the bulky manuals and charts traditionally carried by the pilots. The NSS has enough inbuilt robustness to do away with onboard backup paper documents. The A380's network and server system stores data and offers electronic documentation, providing a required equipment list, navigation charts, performance calculations, and an aircraft logbook. All are accessible to the pilot from two additional 27 cm (11 inch) diagonal LCDs, each controlled by its own keyboard and control cursor device mounted in the foldable table in front of each pilot.^[29] Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) represent real-time computer network airborne systems. ... The F-22 Raptor is a stealth fighter aircraft. ... The Eurofighter Typhoon is a twin-engine multi-role canard-delta strike fighter aircraft, designed and built by a consortium of European aerospace manufacturers through Eurofighter GmbH which was formed in 1986. ... Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) is a term for software or hardware products that are ready-made and available for sale to the general public. ... Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX) is Part 7 of the ARINC 664 Specification which defines how Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) networking technology will be used for future generation Aircraft Data Networks (ADN). ... In telecommunications, duplex means two-way when referring to communications channels. ... Star network layout Star networks are one of the most common computer network topologies. ... Latency is a time delay between the moment something is initiated, and the moment one of its effects begins. ...

Systems

Power-by-wire flight control actuators are used for the first time in civil service, backing up the primary hydraulic flight control actuators. During certain manoeuvres, they augment the primary actuators. They have self-contained hydraulic and electrical power supplies. They are used as electro-hydrostatic actuators (EHA) in the aileron and elevator, and as electrical backup hydrostatic actuators (EBHA) for the rudder and some spoilers.^[30] A flight control system consists of the flight control surfaces, the respective cockpit controls, connecting linkage, and necessary operating mechanisms to control aircraft in flight. ...

The aircraft's 350 bar (35 MPa or 5,000 psi) hydraulic system is an improvement over the typical 210 bar (21 MPa or 3,000 psi) system found in other commercial aircraft since the 1940s. First used in military aircraft, higher pressure hydraulics reduce the size of pipelines, actuators and other components for overall weight reduction. The 350 bar pressure is generated by eight de-clutchable hydraulic pumps. Pipelines are typically made from titanium and the system features both fuel and air-cooled heat exchangers. The hydraulics system architecture also differs significantly from other airliners. Self-contained electrically powered hydraulic power packs, instead of a secondary hydraulic system, are the backups for the primary systems. This saves weight and reduces maintenance. The bar (symbol bar) and the millibar (symbol mbar, also mb) are units of pressure. ... The megapascal, symbol MPa is an SI unit of pressure. ... A pressure gauge reading in PSI (red scale) and kPa (black scale) The pound-force per square inch (symbol: lbf/in2) is a non-SI unit of pressure based on avoirdupois units. ... The 1940s decade ran from 1940 to 1949. ... General Name, Symbol, Number titanium, Ti, 22 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 4, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic mass 47. ... A heat exchanger is a device built for efficient heat transfer from one fluid to another, whether the fluids are separated by a solid wall so that they never mix, or the fluids are directly contacted. ...

The A380 uses four 150 kVA variable-frequency electrical generators eliminating the constant speed drives for better reliability. The A380 uses aluminium power cables instead of copper for greater weight savings due to the number of cables used for an aircraft of this size and complexity. The electrical power system is fully computerized and many contactors and breakers have been replaced by solid-state devices for better performance and increased reliability.^[30] Automotive style miniature relay A relay is an electrical switch that opens and closes under control of another electrical circuit. ...

The A380 features a bulbless illumination system. LEDs are employed in the cabin, cockpit, cargo and other fuselage areas. The cabin lighting features programmable multi-spectral LEDs capable of creating a cabin ambience simulating daylight, night or shades in between. On the outside of the aircraft, HID lighting is used to give brighter, whiter and better quality illumination. These two technologies provide brightness and a service life superior to traditional incandescent light bulbs. Led is also the past tense of the verb to lead Blue, green and red LEDs. ... 15 kW Xenon short-arc lamp used in IMAX projectors High-intensity discharge (HID) lamps include these types of electrical lamps: mercury vapor, metal halide (also HQI), high-pressure sodium, low-pressure sodium and less common, xenon short-arc lamps. ...

The A380 was initially planned without thrust reversers, as Airbus believed it to have ample braking capacity. The FAA disagreed, and Airbus elected to fit only the two inboard engines with them. The two outboard engines do not have reversers, reducing the amount of debris blown up during landing. The A380 features electrically actuated thrust reversers, giving them better reliability than their pneumatic or hydraulic equivalents, in addition to saving weight. KLM Fokker 70 with reverse thrust applied. ... FAA redirects here. ...

Passenger amenities

Initial publicity stressed the comfort and space of the A380's cabin, which offers room for such installations as relaxation areas, bars, duty-free shops, and beauty salons. One A380 customer likely to use innovative amenities is Virgin Atlantic Airways, which has a bar in Business Class on its aircraft, and has announced plans to include casinos, double beds, a gymnasium and showers on its A380s. The A380 will expand the improvements that the 747 made — more seats and lower seat-distance costs — while providing wider seats and better amenities. At 555 passengers, the A380's seating capacity represents a 35% increase over the 747-400 in a standard three-class configuration, along with a 50% larger cabin volume — producing more space per passenger. If, however, the plane is ordered in an all-economy-class configuration, it can hold up to 853 passengers, its maximum certified carrying capacity.^[4] Virgin Atlantic Airways (usually referred to as Virgin Atlantic) is an airline belonging to Richard Bransons Virgin Group. ...

Airport compatibility

The A380 was designed to fit within an 80 x 80 m airport gate, and can land or take off on any runway that can take a Boeing 747. However, airports used by the A380 in commercial service may need infrastructure modifications. Its large wingspan can require some taxiway and apron reconfigurations, to maintain safe separation margins when two of the aircraft pass each other. Taxiway shoulders may be required to be paved to reduce the likelihood of foreign object damage caused to (or by) the outboard engines, which overhang more than 25 m (80 ft) from the centre line of the aircraft. Any taxiway or runway bridge must be capable of supporting the A380's maximum weight. The terminal gate must be sized such that the A380's wings do not block adjacent gates, and may also provide multiple jetway bridges for simultaneous boarding on both decks. Service vehicles with lifts capable of reaching the upper deck must be obtained, as well as tractors capable of handling the A380's maximum ramp weight. The A380 test aircraft have begun a campaign of airport compatibility testing, to verify the modifications already made at several large airports. To date, airports have been visited for compatibility testing in Bangkok, Brisbane, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Johannesburg, Kuala Lumpur, London, Shannon, Melbourne, Seoul, Singapore, Sydney, Tokyo, Düsseldorf and Vancouver. The first visit to the United States will occur on 19 March 2007, with a simultaneous arrival of two A380s in Los Angeles and New York City. The Boeing 747, commonly called a Jumbo Jet, is among the most recognizable jet airliners, and is among the largest passenger airliners. ... A taxiway is a strip of land on an airport on which aircraft can roll (taxi) to or from a hangar, terminal, runway, or other facility. ... The airport ramp or apron is part of an airport. ... FOD or Foreign Object Damage is an aviation term used to describe damage done to an aircraft due to collision with small foreign objects. ... An airport terminal is a building at an airport where passengers transfer from ground transportation to the facilities that allow them to board airplanes. ... A Jetway, jet bridge or aerobridge/airbridge is a moveable bridge, normally enclosed, which extends from an airport terminal gate allowing passengers to board an airplane without having to go outside. ... March 19 is the 78th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (79th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ...

Production

Major structural sections of the A380 are built in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Due to their size, they are brought to the assembly hall in Toulouse in France by surface transportation, rather than by the A300-600ST Beluga aircraft used for other Airbus models. Components of the A380 are provided by suppliers from around the world; the five largest contributors, by value, are Rolls-Royce, SAFRAN, United Technologies, General Electric, and Goodrich.^[31] Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (872x561, 115 KB) Description en: The RoRo ship Ville de Bordeaux unloading Airbus parts in Pauillac, near Bordeaux, France. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (872x561, 115 KB) Description en: The RoRo ship Ville de Bordeaux unloading Airbus parts in Pauillac, near Bordeaux, France. ... The Ville de Bordeaux is a ship carrier especially designed to transport the elements of the Airbus A380. ... New city flag (Occitan cross) Traditional coat of arms Motto: (Occitan: For Toulouse, always more) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Region Midi-PyrÃ©nÃ©es Department Haute-Garonne (31) Intercommunality Community of Agglomeration of Greater Toulouse Mayor Jean-Luc Moudenc (UMP) (since 2004) City Statistics... The Airbus A300-600ST (Super Transporter) or Beluga is a version of the standard Airbus A300 wide-body airliner, modified to carry aircraft parts and over-sized or awkward cargo. ... Rolls-Royce plc is a British aircraft engine maker; the second-largest in the world, behind General Electric Aviation. ... For the lead singer of Republica see Saffron Saffron is the name given to the dried stigmata and part of the style of the saffron crocus, traditionally called Crocus sativus, which are harvested, dried, and used for cooking. ... United Technologies Corporation (UTC) (NYSE: UTX) is a major multinational corporation based in Hartford, Connecticut. ... GE redirects here. ... The Goodrich Corporation (formerly the B.F. Goodrich Company) NYSE: GR, based in Charlotte is an American aerospace manufacturing company. ...

The front and rear sections of the fuselage are loaded on an Airbus Roll-on/roll-off (RORO) ship, Ville de Bordeaux, in Hamburg in northern Germany, whence they are shipped to the United Kingdom.^[32] The wings, which are manufactured at Filton in Bristol and Broughton in north Wales, are transported by barge to Mostyn docks, where the ship adds them to its cargo. In Saint-Nazaire in western France, the ship trades the fuselage sections from Hamburg for larger, assembled sections, some of which include the nose. The ship unloads in Bordeaux. Afterwards, the ship picks up the belly and tail sections by Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA in Cadiz in southern Spain, and delivers them to Bordeaux. From there, the A380 parts are transported by barge to Langon, and by oversize road convoys to the assembly hall in Toulouse. New wider roads, canal systems and barges were developed to deliver the A380 parts. After assembly, the aircraft are flown to Hamburg to be furnished and painted. Airbus sized the production facilities and supply chain for a production rate of four A380s per month.^[32] Roll-on/roll-off is a method of transport (as a ferry, train, or airplane) that vehicles roll onto at the beginning and roll off of at the destination. ... The Ville de Bordeaux is a ship carrier especially designed to transport the elements of the Airbus A380. ... Hamburg from above Hamburgs motto: May the posterity endeavour with dignity to conserve the freedom, which the forefathers acquired. ... Filton is a town in South Gloucestershire, England, on the northern outskirts of Bristol. ... Bristol (IPA: ) is a city, unitary authority and ceremonial county in South West England, 115 miles (185 km) west of London and between the cities of Bath, Gloucester and the borough of Swindon. ... Broughton is a small district in north east Wales. ... This article is about the country. ... Self propelled barge carrying bulk crushed stone A barge is a flat-bottomed boat, built mainly for river and canal transport of heavy goods. ... Mostyn is a small town in Flintshire, north Wales, lying on the estuary of the River Dee. ... Saint-Nazaire is also a commune of the Gard département of France. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... CASA Jungmann, built in 1957. ... This article is about the Spanish city. ... Langon is the name of several communes in France: Langon, in the Gironde dÃ©partement Langon, in the Ille-et-Vilaine dÃ©partement Langon, in the Loir-et-Cher dÃ©partement This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ... New city flag (Occitan cross) Traditional coat of arms Motto: (Occitan: For Toulouse, always more) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Region Midi-PyrÃ©nÃ©es Department Haute-Garonne (31) Intercommunality Community of Agglomeration of Greater Toulouse Mayor Jean-Luc Moudenc (UMP) (since 2004) City Statistics... A supply chain, logistics network, or supply network is a coordinated system of organizations, people, activities, information and resources involved in moving a product or service in physical or virtual manner from supplier to customer. ...

Orders

Fourteen airlines have ordered the A380, including an order from aircraft lessor ILFC. Total orders for the A380 stand at 157, of which 156 are firm.^[33] Orders for the freighter model reached 27 but dwindled to zero following the production delays. Airbus expects to sell a total of 750 aircraft, and estimates break-even at 420 units, increased from 270 due to the delays and the falling exchange rate of the US dollar.^[8] Industry analysts anticipate between 400 and 880 sales by 2025.^[31] As of 2006, the list price of an A380 is US$ 296 to 316 million, depending on equipment installed.^[34] ILFC (International Lease Finance Corporation, though the abbreviation is the more common usage) has headquarters in Los Angeles, California, USA. It is the worlds largest aircraft lessor, though ILFCs archrival, General Electrics GECAS unit has more aircraft. ... The breakeven point in economics is the point at which cost or expenses and income are equal _ there is no net loss or gain, one has broken even. The point at which a firm or other economic entity breaks even is equal to its fixed costs divided by its... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory[1], the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Turks and Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ... 2025 (MMXXV) will be a common year starting on Tuesday in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory[1], the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Turks and Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ...

Technical concerns

Several concerns about the A380 have arisen during its development. Airbus has addressed these concerns as required to obtain a type certificate from the European Aviation Safety Agency and its American counterpart, the Federal Aviation Administration. A Type Certificate (sometimes called Airworthiness Certificate), is awarded by aviation regulating bodies (such as FAA in US and EASA in EU) to aerospace firms after it has been established that the particular design of aircraft, engines or propeller submitted has fulfilled the regulating bodies current prevailing airworthiness requirements for... European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is an agency of the European Union with offices in Cologne, Germany, which has been given specific regulatory and executive tasks in the field of aviation safety. ... FAA redirects here. ...

Ground operations

Early critics claimed that the A380 would damage taxiways and other airport surfaces. However, the pressure exerted by its wheels is lower than that of a Boeing 747 or Boeing 777 because the A380 has 22 wheels, four more than the 747, and eight more than the 777. Airbus measured pavement loads using a 540-tonne (595 short tons) ballasted test rig, designed to replicate the landing gear of the A380. The rig was towed over a section of pavement at Airbus' facilities that had been specially instrumented with embedded load sensors. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2016x1512, 1011 KB) Summary Airbus A380 Photographer: Florian Lindner camera: Panasonic DMC-FZ3 lens: Built-in shutter speed: see EXIF lens aperture: see EXIF date: see EXIF Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2016x1512, 1011 KB) Summary Airbus A380 Photographer: Florian Lindner camera: Panasonic DMC-FZ3 lens: Built-in shutter speed: see EXIF lens aperture: see EXIF date: see EXIF Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file...

Based on its wingspan, the U.S. FAA classifies the A380 as a Design Group VI aircraft, requiring a width of 60 m (200 ft) for runways and 30 m (100 ft) for taxiways, compared to 45 m (150 ft) and 23 m (75 ft) for Design Group V aircraft such as the Boeing 747.^[38] Airbus claimed that the A380 could safely operate on Group V runways and taxiways, without the need for widening. The FAA first considered limiting the taxiing speed of the A380 to 25 km/h (15 mph) on Group V infrastructure, but has since issued waivers related to the speed restriction and some of the proposed runway widening requirements.^[39]^[40] FAA redirects here. ...

As of late 2005, there were concerns that the jet blast from the A380's engines could be dangerous to ground vehicles and airport terminal buildings, as more thrust is required to move its greater mass (590 t compared to 412.8 t for a 747). The FAA has established a commission^[41] to determine if new safety regulations seem necessary, and it will make appropriate recommendations to the ICAO. According to The Wall Street Journal, "The debate is supposed to be entirely about safety, but industry officials and even some participants acknowledge that, at the very least, an overlay of diplomatic and trade tensions complicates matters." The FAA commission has stated it will not enact unilateral safeguards for the A380, only those imposed by the ICAO.^[42] Jet Blast is the phenomenon of rapid air movement produced by the jet engines of aircraft, particularly on or before takeoff. ... The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations, develops the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. ... The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) is an influential international daily newspaper published in New York City, New York with a worldwide average daily circulation of more than 2. ... Unilateralism is an antonym for multilateralism. ...

Wake turbulence

The A380 generates more wake turbulence on takeoff and landing than existing aircraft types, requiring increased airport approach and departure spacing for following aircraft.^[43] Wake turbulence, also known as jetwash, is turbulence that forms behind an aircraft as it passes through the air. ... An instrument approach is a type of air navigation that allows an aircraft to land in weather restricting visibility, or to reach visual conditions permitting a landing. ...

In 2005, the International Civil Aviation Organization recommended that provisional separation criteria for the A380 be substantially greater than for the 747 because preliminary flight test data suggested a stronger wake than the 747.^[44] These criteria were in effect while the A380 Wake Vortex Steering Group, with representatives from the JAA, Eurocontrol, the FAA and Airbus, refined its 3-year study of the issue with additional flight testing. In September 2006, the working group presented its conclusions to the ICAO, which is expected to issue final guidance on the issue in November 2006. The working group concluded that an aircraft trailing an A380 during approach needs to maintain a separation of 6 nm, 8 nm and 10 nm respectively for ICAO "Heavy", "Medium" and "Light" aircraft categories, instead of the traditional 4 nm, 5 nm and 6 nm spacing. However, the working group found no need to limit the A380's trailing distance behind another aircraft, potentially making up for some of the increased spacing behind the A380.^[43] On departure behind an A380, the working group concluded that "Heavy" aircraft are required to wait two minutes, and "Medium"/"Light" aircraft three minutes for time based operations. Finally, the working group did not recommend any restrictions on vertical or horizontal separation criteria during cruise. 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations, codifies the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. ... The maiden flight of an aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord. ... The Joint Aviation Authorities, or JAA, is the predominant regulatory body for aviation in Europe. ... EUROCONTROL is the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation, an international organisation whose primary objective is the development of a seamless, pan-European Air Traffic Management (ATM) system. ... FAA redirects here. ... This article is about the airliner manufacturer. ... Flight test is a branch of aeronautical engineering that develops and gathers data during flight and then analyses the data to evaluate the flight characteristics of the aircraft and validate its design, including safety aspects. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... A nautical mile or sea mile is a unit of length. ...

Wing strength

During the destructive wing strength certification test, the test wing of the A380 failed to meet the certification requirement of 150% of limit load.^[45] Limit load is the maximum load expected during operation in the design life of an aircraft. The test wing buckled between the inboard and outboard engines at 147% of limit load, as the wing tip reached a vertical deflection of 7.4 m (24.3 ft). Airbus initially stated that the test article represented an early design, and that the load requirement would be verified by analysis of changes already made. Subsequently, however, Airbus announced that modifications adding 30 kg to the wing would be made to provide the required strength.

Specifications

Image File history File links Giant_planes_comparison. ... Image File history File links Giant_planes_comparison. ...

Trivia

Flightplan is a 2005 American film directed by Robert Schwentke and starring Jodie Foster, Peter Sarsgaard, Erika Christensen and Sean Bean. ...

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Norris, Guy; Mark Wagner (2005). Airbus A380: Superjumbo of the 21st Century. Zenith Press. ISBN 978-0-7603-2218-5.
^ ^a ^b ^c A380 Specifications. Airbus S.A.S. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ ^a ^b A380 Freighter Specifications. Airbus S.A.S. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ ^a ^b Daly, Kieran. "Airbus A380 evacuation trial full report: everyone off in time", Flight International, 6 April 2006. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ "Pictures: Airbus A380 clears European and US certification hurdles for evacuation trial", Flight International, 29 March 2006. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ "Airbus A380 completes test flight", BBC News, 4 September 2006. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ "Airbus A380 certified air worthy", Yahoo! News, 12 December 2006. Retrieved on 2006-12-12.
^ ^a ^b Heinen, Mario (19 October 2006). The A380 program. EADS. Retrieved on 2006-10-19.
^ Kingsley-Jones, Max. "The race to rewire the Airbus A380", Flight International, 18 July 2006. Retrieved on 2006-09-21.
^ Wallace, James. "Airbus A380 a bit too superjumbo", Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 28 October 2006. Retrieved on 2007-01-21.
^ Clark, Nicola. "Airbus replaces chief of jumbo jet project", International Herald Tribune, 4 September 2006. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ Thomas, Geoffrey. "MAS prepares to cancel A380 order", ATWOnline, 20 June 2006. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ Karp, Aaron. "ILFC considers $3 billion A380 cancellation as pressure on Airbus mounts", ATWOnline, 21 June 2006. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ Jamieson, Bob. "More setbacks for Airbus Superjumbo jet", ABC News, 14 June 2006. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ Kaminski-Morrow, David. "Farnborough: SIA shocks the air show by ordering 20 Airbus A350s, nine further A380s", Flight International, 21 July 2006. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ ^a ^b Airbus confirms further A380 delay and launches company restructuring plan. Airbus S.A.S (3 October 2006). Retrieved on 2006-10-03.
^ ^a ^b ^c Robertson, David. "Airbus will lose €4.8bn because of A380 delays", The Times, 3 October 2006. Retrieved on 2006-10-03.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Clark, Nicola. "New A380 jet delays confirmed", International Herald Tribune, 3 October 2006. Retrieved on 2006-10-03.
^ "Virgin Atlantic is to defer its order for the new Airbus A380 by four years", BBC News, 26 October 2006. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ ^a ^b ^c Wolfe, Bill. "Airbus says it won't be able to deliver A380 freighters until 2010", The Courier-Journal, 3 October 2006. Retrieved on 2006-10-03.
^ Quentin Wilber, Dell. "Airbus bust, Boeing boost", The Washington Post, 8 November 2006. Retrieved on 2006-11-08.
^ "Airbus feiert das Ende des Kabel-Salats", Spiegel Online, 20 January 2007. Retrieved on 2007-01-20.
^ [ http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/03/05/8401277/index.htm Big plane, big problems]
^ Airbus Freighter Woes Hit EADS. BBC. Retrieved on 2007-03-02.
^ ^a ^b A380 flight deck. Airbus S.A.S. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ Trent 900 engine. Rolls-Royce. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ GP7200 engine features. Engine Alliance. Retrieved on 2006-09-16.
^ Airbus A380 Superjumbo. Aerospace-Technology.com. Retrieved on 2006-09-26.
^ ^a ^b Adams, Charlotte. "Test cards for the Airbus A380", Aviation Today, 1 July 2002. Retrieved on 2006-09-26.
^ ^a ^b Adams, Charlotte. "A380: ‘more electric’ aircraft", Aviation Today, 1 October 2001. Retrieved on 2006-09-26.
^ ^a ^b Babka, Scott (2006-09-05). EADS: the A380 Debate. Morgan Stanley. Retrieved on 2006-09-13.
^ ^a ^b "Towards Toulouse", Flight International, 20 May 2003. Retrieved on 2006-09-18.
^ Airbus orders & deliveries. Airbus S.A.S (31 January 2007). Retrieved on 2007-02-21.
^ "Airbus raises price of A380 plane", BBC News, 23 June 2006. Retrieved on 2006-10-19.
^ ^a ^b "Air France: First A380 Delivery Now Slated For Spring '09", The Wall Street Journal, 3 October 2006. Retrieved on 2006-10-03.
^ ^a ^b "Lufthansa: EADS To Deliver First A380 One Year Late In 09", The Wall Street Journal, 3 October 2006. Retrieved on 2006-10-03.
^ ^a ^b Goldstein, Steve. "Virgin Atlantic to delay A380 deliveries until 2013", Dow Jones MarketWatch, 26 October 2006. Retrieved on 2006-10-26.
^ Airport Design. FAA (29 September 1989). Retrieved on 2006-09-24.
^ Minimum Requirements to Widen Existing 150-Foot Wide Runways for Airbus A380 Operations. FAA (13 February 2004). Retrieved on 2006-09-24.
^ Use of non-standard 75-foot-wide straight taxiway sections for Airbus 380 taxiing operations. FAA (April 2006). Retrieved on 2006-09-24.
^ "Airbus A380 faces dispute with US aviation officials - report." Kjetland, R. Forbes. 5 October 2005.
^ "FAA: Wake Turbulence Rules May Have To Be Rewritten." Aero-News.net. 7 October 2005.
^ ^a ^b Airbus A380 wake vortex study completed. Airbus S.A.S. (28 September 2006). Retrieved on 2006-09-30.
^ Guidance material in regard to wake vortex aspects of A380 aircraft. ICAO (June 2006). Retrieved on 2006-09-30.
^ Airbus thinks it has overcome A380 structural failure. Aviation International News (21 February 2006).

id="External_links"> This article is about the airliner manufacturer. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... This article is about the airliner manufacturer. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... Flight International is a magazine relating to airlines, general aviation, and aerospace manufacture. ... April 6 is the 96th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (97th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... Flight International is a magazine relating to airlines, general aviation, and aerospace manufacture. ... March 29 is the 88th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (89th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... September 4 is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... Yahoo! News is an Internet-based news aggregator provided by Yahoo!. It features Top Stories, U.S. National, World, Business, Entertainment, Science, Health, Weather, Most Popular, News Photos, Op/Ed, and Local news. ... December 12 is the 346th day (347th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 19 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... December 12 is the 346th day (347th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 19 days remaining. ... October 19 is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... The European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company EADS N.V. (EADS) is a large European aerospace corporation, formed by the merger on July 10, 2000 of AÃ©rospatiale-Matra of France, Construcciones AeronÃ¡uticas SA (CASA) of Spain, and DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG (DASA) of Germany. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 19 is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Flight International is a magazine relating to airlines, general aviation, and aerospace manufacture. ... July 18 is the 199th day (200th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 166 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 21 is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years). ... The daily Seattle Post-Intelligencer is the second leading newspaper in Seattle, Washington, United States. ... October 28 is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 64 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... January 21 is the 21st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The International Herald Tribune is a widely read English language international newspaper. ... September 4 is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... June 20 is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 194 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... June 21 is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 193 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... ABC News logo ABC News is a division of ABC television and radio networks (ABC), owned by The Walt Disney Company. ... June 14 is the 165th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (166th in leap years), with 200 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... Flight International is a magazine relating to airlines, general aviation, and aerospace manufacture. ... July 21 is the 202nd day (203rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 163 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... This article is about the airliner manufacturer. ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The Times is a national newspaper published daily in the United Kingdom since 1785, and under its current name since 1788. ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The International Herald Tribune is a widely read English language international newspaper. ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 66 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 66 days remaining. ... The Courier-Journal, nicknamed the C-J, is the main newspaper for the city of Louisville, Kentucky, USA. According to the 1999 Editor & Publisher International Yearbook, the paper is the 48th largest daily paper in the United States and the single largest in Kentucky. ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The Washington Post is the largest newspaper in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. ... November 8 is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 53 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... November 8 is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 53 days remaining. ... Photo of the cover of the first issue of Der Spiegel (1/1947) Der Spiegel (German for The Mirror) is Europes biggest and Germanys most influential weekly magazine, published in Hamburg, with a circulation of around one million per week. ... January 20 is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... January 20 is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The British Broadcasting Corporation, usually known as the BBC (and also informally known as the Beeb or Auntie) is one of the largest broadcasting corporations in the world in terms of audience numbers, employing 26,000 staff in the UK alone and with a budget of more than Â£4 billion. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 2 is the 61st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (62nd in leap years). ... This article is about the airliner manufacturer. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... Rolls-Royce plc is a British aircraft engine maker; the second-largest in the world, behind General Electric Aviation. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... The Engine Alliance, a 50/50 joint venture between General Electric and Pratt & Whitney, was formed in August 1996 to develop, manufacture, sell, and support a family of modern technology engines for new high-capacity, long-range aircraft. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 26 is the 269th day of the year (270th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 26 is the 269th day of the year (270th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 26 is the 269th day of the year (270th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) is an investment bank, retail broker, and credit card provider headquartered in New York City. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... Flight International is a magazine relating to airlines, general aviation, and aerospace manufacture. ... May 20 is the 140th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (141st in leap years). ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 18 is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years). ... This article is about the airliner manufacturer. ... January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... June 23 is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 191 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 19 is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) is an influential international daily newspaper published in New York City, New York with a worldwide average daily circulation of more than 2. ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) is an influential international daily newspaper published in New York City, New York with a worldwide average daily circulation of more than 2. ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... MarketWatch is the operator of a leading business news and information Website that provides headline news, analysis and stock market data to some 6 million people. ... October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 66 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 66 days remaining. ... FAA redirects here. ... September 29 is the 272nd day of the year (273rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... FAA redirects here. ... February 13 is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... FAA redirects here. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... October 5 is the 278th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (279th in Leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 7 is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the airliner manufacturer. ... September 28 is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations, codifies the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

External links

Portable Document Format (PDF), sometimes mistaken for Printable Document Format, is an open file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard[1]. It is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout... Portable Document Format (PDF), sometimes mistaken for Printable Document Format, is an open file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard[1]. It is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout...

Media

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Image File history File links A380_takeoff. ...

Gallery

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x670, 36 KB) Summary Taken and donated by John Mullen Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x670, 36 KB) Summary Taken and donated by John Mullen Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Red Arrows Hawk at speed during a display The Red Arrows, officially known as the Royal Air Force Aerobatic Team, is the aerobatics display team of the Royal Air Force, based at RAF Scampton, United Kingdom. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (3039x2304, 1809 KB) Summary The Airbus A380 landing at the Farnborough Air Show, Sunday 23 July 2006. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (3039x2304, 1809 KB) Summary The Airbus A380 landing at the Farnborough Air Show, Sunday 23 July 2006. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1000x655, 58 KB) Summary Taken and donated by John Mullen Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1000x655, 58 KB) Summary Taken and donated by John Mullen Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1375x1031, 859 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Airbus A380 Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1375x1031, 859 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Airbus A380 Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1000x772, 66 KB) Summary Taken and donated by John Mullen Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1000x772, 66 KB) Summary Taken and donated by John Mullen Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1000x698, 104 KB) Summary Taken and donated by John Mullen Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1000x698, 104 KB) Summary Taken and donated by John Mullen Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...

Contents

History

Development

Testing

Delivery delays

Entry into service

Design

Cockpit

Engines

Advanced materials

Avionics architecture

Systems

Passenger amenities

Airport compatibility

Production

Orders

Technical concerns

Ground operations

Wake turbulence

Wing strength

Specifications

Trivia

References

External links

Media

Gallery

See also

Related development

Comparable aircraft

Related lists

Contents

History GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Development

Testing

Delivery delays

Entry into service

Design

Cockpit

Engines

Advanced materials

Avionics architecture

Systems

Passenger amenities

Airport compatibility

Production

Orders

Technical concerns

Ground operations

Wake turbulence

Wing strength

Specifications

Trivia

References

External links

Media

Gallery

See also

Related development

Comparable aircraft

Related lists

History