AC'97 (short for Audio Codec '97) is Intel Corporation's Audio "Codec" standard developed by the Intel Architecture Labs in 1997, and used mainly in motherboards (also known as 'on-board' or 'integrated'), modems, and sound cards. Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC, SEHK: 4335), founded in 1968 as Integrated Electronics Corporation and based in Santa Clara, California, USA, is the worlds largest semiconductor company. ... Sound reproduction is the electrical or mechanical re-creation and/or amplification of sound, often as music. ... A Codec is a device or program capable of performing encoding and decoding on a digital data stream or signal. ... Intel Architecture Labs, also known as IAL, is the development arm of Intel Corporation for the Intel Architecture segment of its business. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A8N VM CSM, Asuss Flagship MicroATX motherboard An old Octek Jaguar V mainboard with an AMD 386DX-40 processor. ... A modem (a portmanteau constructed from modulate and demodulate) is a device that modulates an analog carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. ... A sound card is a computer expansion card that can input and output sound under control of computer programs. ...

Intel's use of the word audio codec refers to signals being encoded/decoded to/from analog audio from/to digital audio, thus actually a combined audio AD/DA-converter. This should not be confused with a codec in the sense of converting from one binary format to another, such as an audio (MP3) or video (Xvid) codec in a media player. An audio codec is a computer program that compresses/decompresses digital audio data according to a given audio file format or streaming audio format. ... An analog or analogue signal is any continuously variable signal. ... Digital audio comprises audio signals stored in a digital format. ... An analog-to-digital converter (abbreviated ADC, A/D or A to D) is an electronic circuit that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. ... In electronics, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC or D-to-A) is a device for converting a digital (usually binary) code to an analog signal (current, voltage or electric charge). ... MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3, more commonly referred to as MP3, is a popular digital audio encoding and lossy compression format, designed to greatly reduce the amount of data required to represent audio, yet still sound like a faithful reproduction of the original uncompressed audio to most listeners. ... XviD is an open-source MPEG-4 video codec originally based on OpenDivX. XviD was started by a group of volunteer programmers after the OpenDivX source was closed in July 2001. ...

Audio components integrated into Intel chipsets consists of 2 components - an AC'97 digital controller (DC97), which is built into the I/O Controller Hub (ICH) of the chipset, and an AC'97 audio and modem codecs, which is the analog component of the architecture. AC'97 defines a high-quality, 16- or 20-bit audio architecture for the PC that is used in the majority of today's desktop platforms. AC'97 supports 96 kHz in 20-bit stereo resolution and 48 kHz in 20-bit stereo for multichannel recording and playback. Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC, SEHK: 4335), founded in 1968 as Integrated Electronics Corporation, is an American multinational corporation that is best known for designing and manufacturing microprocessors and specialized integrated circuits. ... A chipset is a group of integrated circuits (chips) that are designed to work together, and are usually marketed as a single product. ... A bit (binary digit) refers to a digit in the binary numeral system (base 2). ... A kilohertz (kHz) is a unit of frequency equal to 1,000 hertz (1,000 cycles per second). ...

Integrated audio is implemented with the AC'97 Codec on the motherboard, a CNR (Communications and Networking Riser) card, or an AMR (Audio and Modem Riser) card. A8N VM CSM, Asuss Flagship MicroATX motherboard An old Octek Jaguar V mainboard with an AMD 386DX-40 processor. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The audio/modem riser, also known as an AMR slot, is a special short expansion slot on the motherboard of a personal computer. ... In sand casting, a riser prevents shrinkage in metal cast parts during the solidification process. ...

AC '97 v2.3 enables Plug and Play audio for the end user. This version provides parametric data about the analog device being used. Plug and Play is a term used in the computer field to describe a computers ability to have new devices, normally peripherals, added to it without having to reconfigure or load device drivers for the new card. ...

In 2004 AC'97 was superseded by Intel High Definition Audio (HD Audio). 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Intel High Definition Audio (IHD or Azalia) refers to the specification released by Intel in 2004 for delivering high-definition audio that is capable of playing back more channels at higher quality than previous integrated audio codecs like AC97. ...

AC-Link

The AC-Link is a bidirectional, fixed rate, serial PCM digital stream. It handles multiple input and output audio streams and control registers access employing a time division multiplexing (TDM) scheme. The AC-Link architecture divides each audio frame into twelve outgoing and twelve incoming data streams, each with 20-bit sample resolution. PCM is an initialism which can have different meanings: Phase Change Material Pulse-code modulation, a way to digitally encode signals representing sound and their video counterparts Potential Cancer Marker Communist Party of Mexico Plug Compatible Manufacturer Power-train control module, a computer in a car which controls the car... A control register is a processor register which changes or controls the behavior of a CPU or other digital device. ... Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a type of digital multiplexing in which two or more apparently simultaneous channels are derived from a given frequency spectrum, i. ...

Codec chips

Codec chips have an (AC'97) interface on one side and analog audio interface on the other. They are usually small square chips with 48 pins. They are D/A and A/D or only D/A. AC97 (short for Audio Codec 97) is Intel Corporations Audio Codec standard developed by the Intel Architecture Labs in 1997, and used mainly in on-motherboards, modems, and sound cards. ...

• Analog Devices AD1881A, 1885, 1887, 1981, 1819B, 1881A, 1886, 1887, 1980, 1981, 1985
• Asahi Kasei AK 4540, 4543, 4544A, 4545
• Avance Logic (now Realtek) ALC201A, ALC650, ALC655, ALC101, ALC202A, ALC250
• Conexant Cx20468 - with a modem
• Cirrus Logic CrystalWare CS4297A, CS4299
• Crystal 4205, 4202
• C-Media CMI9738, 9739
• ESS ES1988 (with a modem)
• Intersil HMP9701 (obsolete, 48kHz fixed samplerate)
• National Semiconductor LM 4540, 43, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50
• Philips UCB 1400 (with touchscreen controller)
• Realtek ALC655, ALC850
• SigmaTel C-Major STAC 9460 (D/A only), 9461, 9462, 9463, 9200, 9202, 9250, 9251, 9220, 9221, 9223, 9750
• Silicon Image Si3024 (mono only)
• TriTech Microelectronics TR28022, 28026
• Yamaha YMF 743, 752, 753
• VIA VT1612, VT1616 (VIA Six-TRAC Vinyl Audio)
• Winbond W83971
• Wolfson Microelectronics 9701, 9703, 9704, 9705 (w/touchscreen), 9707, 9708, 9709 (DAC only), 9711, 9712 (w/touchscreen), 9713 (w/touchscreen), 9714

Analog Devices is an American multinational producer of semiconductor devices. ... Asahi Kasei Corporation is a Japanese company. ... Realtek logo Realtek Semiconductor Corp. ... Conexant is a publicly listed NASDAQ: CNXT semiconductor company, which was formerly the semiconductor division of Rockwell International. ... Cirrus Logic NASDAQ: CRUS is a fabless semiconductor supplier specializing in analog, mixed-signal, and DSP chips. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Intersil Corporation NASDAQ: ISIL produces integrated circuits and semiconductors. ... Categories: Electronics companies of the United States | Companies based in California | Corporation stubs ... Philips HQ in Amsterdam Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. (Royal Philips Electronics N.V.), usually known as Philips, (Euronext: PHIA, NYSE: PHG) is one of the largest electronics companies in the world. ... Realtek logo Realtek Semiconductor Corp. ... About SigmaTel SigmaTel offurs solutions for portable MP3 players. ... Silicon Image makes computer chips that implement transfer protocols such as DVI and SATA. They are based out of Sunnyvale, California. ... The Yamaha Corporation (ヤマハ株式会社; TYO: 7951 ) is a Japanese company with a large number of product areas. ... VIA Technologies logo VIA Technologies is a Taiwanese manufacturer of integrated circuits, mainly motherboard chipsets, CPUs, and memory, and is part of the Formosa Plastics Group. ... Winbond Electronics Corporation is a Taiwan-based corporation which was founded in 1987 and is a producer of semiconductors and several types of integrated circuits, most notably Dynamic RAM, Static RAM and microcontrollers. ...

See also

• Integrated Interchip Sound I²S
• Audio/modem riser (AMR)
• Advanced Communications Riser (ACR)
• Communications and Networking Riser (CNR)

I2S, or Inter-IC Sound, is an electrical interface standard used for connecting digital audio devices together. ... The audio/modem riser, also known as an AMR slot, is a special short expansion slot on the motherboard of a personal computer. ... The Advanced Communications Riser, or ACR, is a form factor and technical specification for PC motherboard expansion slots. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

External link

• Intel Audio Chipset Designs