NationMaster - Encyclopedia: ADRA2B

The alpha-2B- receptor, also known as ADRA2B, is an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor, and also denotes the human gene encoding it.^[1] Look up Hugo in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) website is run by The Jackson Laboratory. ... HomoloGene[1], a tool of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[2], is a system for automated detection of homologs (similarity attributable to descent from a common ancestor) among the annotated genes of several completely sequenced eukaryotic genomes. ... The Gene Ontology, or GO, project can be broadly split into two parts. ... The Entrez logo The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System allows access to databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. ... Ensembl is a bioinformatics research project aiming to develop a software system which produces and maintains automatic annotation on selected eukaryotic genomes. It is run in a collaboration between the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and the European Bioinformatics Institute, an outstation of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory. ... UniProt is the universal protein database, a central repository of protein data created by combining Swiss-Prot, TrEMBL and PIR. This makes it the worlds most comprehensive resource on protein information. ... Medline is a comprehensive literature database of life sciences and biomedical information. ... For other uses, see Gene (disambiguation). ...

Receptor

Alpha-2-adrenergic receptors include 3 highly homologous subtypes: alpha2A, alpha2B, and alpha2C. These receptors have a critical role in regulating neurotransmitter release from sympathetic nerves and from adrenergic neurons in the central nervous system. Chemical structure of D-aspartic acid, a common amino acid neurotransmitter. ... The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one half of the autonomic nervous system; the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) is the other. ... A diagram showing the CNS: 1. ...

Gene

This gene encodes the alpha2B subtype, which was observed to associate with eIF-2B, a guanine nucleotide exchange protein that functions in regulation of translation. A polymorphic variant of the alpha2B subtype, which lacks 3 glutamic acids from a glutamic acid repeat element, was identified to have decreased G protein-coupled receptor kinase-mediated phosphorylation and desensitization; this polymorphic form is also associated with reduced basal metabolic rate in obese subjects and may therefore contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity. This gene contains no introns in either its coding or untranslated sequences.^[1] Glutamic acid (Glu, E), is the protonated form of glutamate (the anion). ... A Mu-opioid G protein-coupled receptor with its agonist Figure 1. ... In biochemistry, a kinase is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules, such as ATP, to specific target molecules (substrates); the process is termed phosphorylation. ... Desensitization is a method to reduce or eliminate an organisms negative reaction to a substance or stimulus. ... Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the amount of energy expended while at rest in a neutrally temperate environment, in the post-absorptive state (meaning that the digestive system is inactive, which requires about twelve hours of fasting in humans). ... Obesity is an excess storage of fat and can affect any mammal, such as the mouse on the left. ... Diagram of the location of introns and exons within a gene. ... The coding region of a gene is the portion of DNA that is transcribed into mRNA and translated into proteins. ...

Further reading

Lomasney JW, Lorenz W, Allen LF, et al. (1990). "Expansion of the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor family: cloning and characterization of a human alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtype, the gene for which is located on chromosome 2.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (13): 5094-8. PMID 2164221.
McClue SJ, Milligan G (1990). "The alpha 2B adrenergic receptor of undifferentiated neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells, interacts directly with the guanine nucleotide binding protein, Gi2.". FEBS Lett. 269 (2): 430-4. PMID 2169434.
Weinshank RL, Zgombick JM, Macchi M, et al. (1990). "Cloning, expression, and pharmacological characterization of a human alpha 2B-adrenergic receptor.". Mol. Pharmacol. 38 (5): 681-8. PMID 2172775.
Chang AC, Ho TF, Chang NC (1990). "In vitro amplification by polymerase chain reaction of a partial gene encoding the third subtype of alpha-2 adrenergic receptor in humans.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 172 (2): 817-23. PMID 2173582.
Regan JW, Kobilka TS, Yang-Feng TL, et al. (1988). "Cloning and expression of a human kidney cDNA for an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtype.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85 (17): 6301-5. PMID 2842764.
Petrash AC, Bylund DB (1986). "Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor subtypes indicated by [3H]yohimbine binding in human brain.". Life Sci. 38 (23): 2129-37. PMID 3012234.
Klein U, Ramirez MT, Kobilka BK, von Zastrow M (1997). "A novel interaction between adrenergic receptors and the alpha-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2B.". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (31): 19099-102. PMID 9235896.
Okusa MD, Huang L, Momose-Hotokezaka A, et al. (1998). "Regulation of adenylyl cyclase in polarized renal epithelial cells by G protein-coupled receptors.". Am. J. Physiol. 273 (6 Pt 2): F883-91. PMID 9435676.
Prezeau L, Richman JG, Edwards SW, Limbird LE (1999). "The zeta isoform of 14-3-3 proteins interacts with the third intracellular loop of different alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtypes.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (19): 13462-9. PMID 10224112.
Heinonen P, Koulu M, Pesonen U, et al. (1999). "Identification of a three-amino acid deletion in the alpha2B-adrenergic receptor that is associated with reduced basal metabolic rate in obese subjects.". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84 (7): 2429-33. PMID 10404816.
Hein L, Altman JD, Kobilka BK (2000). "Two functionally distinct alpha2-adrenergic receptors regulate sympathetic neurotransmission.". Nature 402 (6758): 181-4. doi:10.1038/46040. PMID 10647009.
Small KM, Brown KM, Forbes SL, Liggett SB (2001). "Polymorphic deletion of three intracellular acidic residues of the alpha 2B-adrenergic receptor decreases G protein-coupled receptor kinase-mediated phosphorylation and desensitization.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (7): 4917-22. doi:10.1074/jbc.M008118200. PMID 11056163.
Snapir A, Mikkelsson J, Perola M, et al. (2003). "Variation in the alpha2B-adrenoceptor gene as a risk factor for prehospital fatal myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death.". J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 41 (2): 190-4. PMID 12535806.
Sykiotis GP, Polyzogopoulou E, Georgopoulos NA, et al. (2004). "The alpha2B adrenergic receptor deletion/insertion polymorphism in morbid obesity.". Clin. Auton. Res. 13 (3): 203-7. doi:10.1007/s10286-003-0087-5. PMID 12822042.
Chotani MA, Mitra S, Su BY, et al. (2004). "Regulation of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors in human vascular smooth muscle cells.". Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 286 (1): H59-67. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00268.2003. PMID 12946937.
Von Wowern F, Bengtsson K, Lindblad U, et al. (2004). "Functional variant in the (alpha)2B adrenoceptor gene, a positional candidate on chromosome 2, associates with hypertension.". Hypertension 43 (3): 592-7. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000116224.51189.80. PMID 14744925.
Cayla C, Heinonen P, Viikari L, et al. (2004). "Cloning, characterisation and identification of several polymorphisms in the promoter region of the human alpha2B-adrenergic receptor gene.". Biochem. Pharmacol. 67 (3): 469-78. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2003.09.029. PMID 15037199.
Phares DA, Halverstadt AA, Shuldiner AR, et al. (2004). "Association between body fat response to exercise training and multilocus ADR genotypes.". Obes. Res. 12 (5): 807-15. PMID 15166301.
Siitonen N, Lindström J, Eriksson J, et al. (2005). "Association between a deletion/insertion polymorphism in the alpha2B-adrenergic receptor gene and insulin secretion and Type 2 diabetes. The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study.". Diabetologia 47 (8): 1416-24. doi:10.1007/s00125-004-1462-z. PMID 15309292.
Belfer I, Buzas B, Hipp H, et al. (2005). "Haplotype-based analysis of alpha 2A, 2B, and 2C adrenergic receptor genes captures information on common functional loci at each gene.". J. Hum. Genet. 50 (1): 12-20. doi:10.1007/s10038-004-0211-y. PMID 15592690.

Categories: Protein pages needing a picture | Human proteins | Membrane protein stubs | Cell signaling | Signal transduction | G protein coupled receptors A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... Transmembrane receptors are integral membrane proteins, which reside and operate typically within a cells plasma membrane, but also in the membranes of some subcellular compartments and organelles. ... A Mu-opioid G protein-coupled receptor with its agonist Figure 1. ... A rhodopsin molecule (yellow) with bound retinal (orange), embedded in a cell membrane (lipids shown as green, head groups as red/blue). ... Amanita muscaria from which muscarine was isolated Acetylcholine - natural agonist of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. ... Expression pattern Orthologs Human Mouse Entrez Ensembl Uniprot Refseq Location Pubmed search Human muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 is a of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors from G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. ... Epinephrine Norepinephrine The adrenergic receptors (or adrenoceptors) are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of the catecholamines. ... RNA expression pattern Orthologs Human Mouse Entrez Ensembl Uniprot Refseq Location Pubmed search The alpha-1A- receptor, also known as ADRA1A, is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor, and also denotes the human gene encoding it. ... RNA expression pattern Orthologs Human Mouse Entrez Ensembl Uniprot Refseq Location Pubmed search The alpha-1B- receptor, also known as ADRA1B, is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor, and also denotes the human gene encoding it. ... RNA expression pattern Orthologs Human Mouse Entrez Ensembl Uniprot Refseq Location Pubmed search The alpha-1D- receptor, also known as ADRA1D, is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor, and also denotes the human gene encoding it. ... RNA expression pattern Orthologs Human Mouse Entrez Ensembl Uniprot Refseq Location Pubmed search The alpha-2A- receptor, also known as ADRA2A, is an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor, and also denotes the human gene encoding it. ... Expression pattern Orthologs Human Mouse Entrez Ensembl Uniprot Refseq Location Pubmed search Adrenergic, beta-2-, receptor, surface, also known as ADRB2, is a human gene and receptor. ... The anaphylatoxin receptors are a group of G-protein coupled receptors which bind anaphylatoxins. ... C3a receptor is a protein involved in the complement system. ... C5AR1 is a receptor for C5a. ... The angiotensin receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors with angiotensins as ligands. ... The apelin receptor (also known as the APJ receptor) is a G protein-coupled receptor[1] which binds apelin. ... The G protein-coupled bile acid receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds bile acids. ... Bombesin is a 14 amino acid peptide originally isolated from the skin of a frog. ... The bombesin-like receptor 3 (BRS-3) is a G protein-coupled receptor. ... The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is a G protein-coupled receptor whose endogenous ligand is gastrin releasing peptide. ... The neuromedin B receptor (NMBR) is a G protein-coupled receptor whose endogenous ligand is neuromedin B.[1] ^ Benya RV, Kusui T, Pradhan TK, Battey JF, Jensen RT (1995). ... Bradykinin, along with kallidin signals through the B2 receptor which is ubiquitously and constitutively expressed in healthy tissues. ... The cannabinoid receptors are a class of receptors under the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily. ... Typical structure of a chemokine receptor, with seven transmembrane domains and a characteristic DRY motif in the second intracellular domain. ... Cholecystokinin receptors or CCK receptors are a group of G_protein coupled receptors. ... The dopamine receptors are a class of metabotropic G-protein-coupled receptors with the neurotransmitter dopamine as their endogenous ligand. ... An eicosanoid receptor is a receptor which detects eicosanoids. ... There are currently nine known prostaglandin receptors on various cell types. ... There are at least three known endothelin receptors, ETa, ETb1 and ETb2, all of which are G-protein coupled whose activation result in elevation of intracellular-free calcium. ... GPR30 (G Protein-coupled Receptor 30) is an integral membrane protein with high affinity for estrogen. ... A formyl peptide receptor is a member of a class of G protein-coupled receptors involved in chemotaxis. ... The free fatty acid receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds free fatty acids. ... The follicle stimulating hormone receptor or FSH-receptor (FSHR) is a transmembrane receptor that interacts with the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and represents a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). ... The galanin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds galanin. ... Growth hormone secretagogue receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds ghrelin. ... Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GNRHR) is a member of the seven-transmembrane, G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family. ... The histamine receptors are a class of G-protein coupled receptors with histamine as their endogenous ligand. ... // H1 receptors Distribution Smooth muscle Endothelial cells Adrenal medulla Heart CNS Effects of Histamine at H1-receptors Vasodilation of small bloods vessels - flushing Increase Capillary Permeability - leaky endothelial cells - oedema Vasoconstriction of large vessels Contraction of smooth muscle - bronchial muscle H1-receptors Activates phospholipase C Mediated by a pertussis toxin... H2 receptors positively coupled to adenylate cyclase via Gs. ... H3 receptors are expressed in the central nervous system and, to a lesser extent, the peripheral nervous system, where they act as autoreceptors in presynaptic histaminergic neurons, and control histamine turnover[1] by feedback inhibition of histamine synthesis and release as well. ... The H4 histamine receptor was discovered by Nguyen et al in March of 2001, who also discovered the gene encoded it in a search of the GenBank databases. ... The KiSS1-derived peptide receptor (also known as GPR54) is a G protein-coupled receptor[1] which binds the peptide hormone kisspeptin. ... The luteinizing hormone releasing hormone receptor is 60 kDa G protein-coupled receptor resides primarily in the pituitary and is responsible for eliciting the actions of LHRH after its release from the hypothalamus. ... The luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR), also lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor (LCGR) is a transmembrane receptor that interacts with both luteinizing hormone (LH) and chorionic gonadotropins (such as hCG in humans) and represents a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). ... The Lysophospholipid receptor (LPL-R) cluster are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family of integral membrane proteins that are important for lipid signaling. ... The MAS1 oncogene is a G protein-coupled receptor[1] which binds the angiotensin-II metabolite angiotensin-(1-7). ... Melanocortin receptors are members of the rhodopsin family of 7-transmembrane, G-protein coupled receptors. ... The Melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r) is one of the key proteins in hair colour production. ... The ACTH receptor is a type of melanocortin receptor (type 2) which is specific for ACTH. It is found in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex and stimulates production of cortisol. ... Two Melanin-concentrating hormone receptors (MCHR) have recently been characterized: MCH-R1 and MCH-R2. ... A melatonin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds melatonin. ... Motilin receptor is a membrane protein which binds motilin. ... Neuromedin may refer to: Neuromedin B Neuromedin N Neuromedin U Category: ... The neuromedin B receptor (NMBR) is a G protein-coupled receptor whose endogenous ligand is neuromedin B.[1] ^ Benya RV, Kusui T, Pradhan TK, Battey JF, Jensen RT (1995). ... The neuromedin U receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds the neuropeptide hormone neuromedin U.[1] ^ Brighton PJ, Szekeres PG, Willars GB (2004). ... GPCR neuropeptide receptors are G-protein coupled receptors which bind various neuropeptides. ... The neuropeptide B/W receptors are members of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily of integral membrane proteins which bind the neuropeptides B and W.[1] These receptors are predominately expressed in the CNS and have a number of functions including regulation of the secretion of cortisol. ... The neuropeptide FF receptors[1] are members of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily of integral membrane proteins which bind the pain modulatory neuropeptides AF and FF.[2][3] ^ Parker RM, Copeland NG, Eyre HJ, Liu M, Gilbert DJ, Crawford J, Couzens M, Sutherland GR, Jenkins NA, Herzog H (2000). ... The neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) is a member of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily of integral membrane proteins[1] which binds neuropeptide S (NPS). ... There are actually 5 known neuropeptide y receptors designated Y1 through Y5. ... The neurotensin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds neurotensin. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... Î´-Opioid receptor activation produces analgesia. ... Îº-Opioid receptors are involved with analgesia, but activation also produces marked nausea and dysphoria. ... The Î¼ opioid receptors (MOR) are a class of opioid receptors with high affinity for enkephalins and beta-endorphin but low affinity for dynorphins. ... An additional opioid receptor has been identified and cloned based on homology with the cDNA. This receptor is known as the nociceptin receptor or ORL 1 receptor. ... Opioid receptors are a group of G-protein coupled receptors with opioids as ligands. ... Olfactory receptors are a type of G protein-coupled receptor in olfactory receptor neurons. ... Trace amine-associated receptors, abbreviated TAAR and previously abbreviated TAR and TA, are a class of G protein-coupled receptors identified in 2001. ... The orexin receptor (also referred to as the hypocretin receptor) is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds the neuropeptide hormone orexin. ... Oxytocin receptors are expressed by the myoepithelial cells of the mammary gland, and in both the myometrium and endometrium of the uterus at the end of pregnancy. ... The platelet-activating factor receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds platelet-activating factor. ... The prokineticin receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds the peptide hormone prokineticin. ... The prolactin-releasing hormone receptor (PRLHR) is a G-protein coupled receptor[1] that binds the prolactin releasing hormone. ... A protease-activated receptor is a cell receptor that is activated by cleavage of part of its extracellular domain. ... Expression pattern Orthologs Human Mouse Entrez Ensembl Uniprot Refseq Location Pubmed search Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1, also known as F2RL1 or protease activated receptor 2 (PAR2), is a human gene. ... Expression pattern Orthologs Human Mouse Entrez Ensembl Uniprot Refseq Location Pubmed search Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 2, also known as F2RL2 or protease activated receptor 3 (PAR3), is a human gene. ... Purinergic receptors are a family of newly characterized plasma membrane molecules involved in several and as yet only partially known cellular functions such as vascular reactivity, apoptosis and cytokine secretion. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The adenosine A1 receptor is part of a group of G protein-coupled receptors that hyperpolarize cells and either inhibit or promote adenylyl activity and thus production of cAMP. A1 receptors inhibit adenylyl. ... P2Y receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that are stimulated by nucleotides such as ATP (P2Y2, P2Y11), ADP, UTP (P2Y2, P2Y4), UDP (P2Y6) and UDP-glucose. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... The relaxin receptors are a subclass of four closely related G protein-coupled receptors that bind relaxin peptide hormones. ... There are five known somatostatin receptors, SSTR1-5. ... In the field of neurochemistry, 5-HT receptors are receptors for the neurotransmitter and peripheral signal mediator serotonin, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT. 5-HT receptors are located on the cell membrane of nerve cells and other cell types in animals and mediate the effects of serotonin... In the field of neurochemistry, 5-HT1 receptors are a subfamily of 5-HT receptors which bind the neurotransmitter and peripheral signal mediator serotonin, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... The SREB (Super Conserved Receptor Expressed in Brain) are a group of related G-protein coupled receptors. ... There are three known mammalian tachykinin receptors termed NK1, NK2 and NK3. ... TACR1 is a G protein coupled receptor found in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. ... The thyrotropin receptor (or TSH receptor) is a gene (and associated protein) which responds to thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, and stimulates the production of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). ... There are two known thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) receptors, TRHR1 and TRHR2 (which as yet has not been identified in humans). ... The urotensin-II receptor (also referred to as the hypocretin receptor) is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds the peptide hormone urotensin-II.[1] ^ Douglas SA, Dhanak D, Johns DG (2004). ... A vasopressin receptor is one of the cell surface receptors which binds vasopressin. ... Arginine vasopressin receptor 1A (AVPR1A) is a protein that acts as receptor for arginine vasopressin. ... Arginine vasopressin receptor 1B (AVPR1B, vasopressin 3 receptor) is a protein that acts as receptor for arginine vasopressin. ... Arginine vasopressin receptor 2 (AVPR2) is a protein that acts as receptor for arginine vasopressin. ... Secretin is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum. ... The calcitonin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds calcitonin. ... Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds corticotropin-releasing hormone. ... The EGF module-containing Mucin-like hormone Receptors (EMRs) are closely related subgroup of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). ... The glucagon receptor family[1] is a group of closely related G-protein coupled receptors which include: Glucagon receptor Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor Glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor The first three receptors bind closely related peptide hormones (glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1, glucagon-like peptide... The glucagon receptor is a 62 kDa peptide that is activated by glucagon and is a member if the g-protein coupled family of receptors. ... Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptors (GIPRs) are seven-transmembrane proteins found on beta-cells in the pancreas. ... The gene for the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1) receptor is on chromosome 6 and is known to be expressed in pancreatic beta cells. ... The gene for the glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor (GLP-2) is on chromosome 17. ... The growth hormone releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR) is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds growth hormone releasing hormone. ... There are two known parathyroid hormone receptors in mammals termed PTH1R and PTH2R. These receptors are members of the 7 transmembrane G protein-coupled family of receptors. ... The secretin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds secretin. ... There are two known receptors for the vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) termed VPAC1 and VPAC2. ... Metabotropic receptor is a transmembrane receptor, which starts some intracellular biochemical cascade after its activation by an agonistic ligand. ... Glutamate is the anion of glutamic acid. ... Fanning honeybee exposes Nasonov gland (white-at tip of abdomen) releasing pheromone to entice swarm into an empty hive A pheromone is a chemical that triggers an innate behavioural response in another member of the same species. ... The calcium-sensing receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor which senses extracellular levels of calcium ion. ... The GABA receptors are a group of receptors with Î³-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as their endogenous ligand. ... GABAB receptors (GABABR) are metabotropic transmembrane receptors that are linked via G-proteins to potassium channels (Chen et al. ... Glutamate is a neurotransmitter in nerve cells which binds to all glutamate receptors located on neuron membranes, and is an example of a transmembrane receptor. ... Metabotropic glutamate receptors, or mGluRs, are a type of glutamate receptor which are active through an indirect metabotropic process. ... The Retinoic Acid-Inducible orphan G-protein-coupled receptors (RAIG) are a group of four closely related G protein-coupled receptors whose expression is induced by retinoic acid. ... A Taste receptor is a type of receptor which facilitates the sensation of taste. ... TAS2R16 (taste receptor, type 2, member 16) is a human gene that encodes for a receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness. ... TAS2R38 is a taste receptor which facilitates the tasting of phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and propylthiouracil (PROP). ... Frizzled is a family of proteins that serve as receptors in the Wnt signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. ... Smoothened is a 7TM protein of the hedgehog pathway conserved from flies to humans. ...

Contents

Receptor

Gene

See also

References

Further reading