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Encyclopedia > AIDS in India

India has had a sharp increase in the estimated number of HIV infections, from thre first reported case in 1986, then escalating to several thousand in the early 1990s to around five million in 2003. Human immunodeficiency virus, commonly known by the initialism HIV, formerly known as HTLV-III and lymphadenopathy-associated virus, is a retrovirus that primarily infects vital components of the human immune system such as CD4+ T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. ...


India's national epidemic is made up of a number of local epidemics, and in some places they occur within the same state. The epidemics vary, from states with mainly heterosexual transmission of HIV, often via interaction with sex workers, to some states where intravenous drug use is the main route of transmission. Both tracking the epidemic and implementing effective programmes poses a serious challenge to the authorities and communities in India. Street prostitutes in the bar district of Sanlitun in Beijing, China. ...


India has a large population and population density, low literacy levels and consequently low levels of awareness, and HIV/AIDS is one of the most challenging public health problems ever faced by the country.


References

  • Ekstrand Maria, Garbus Lisa and Marseille Elliot (2003) 'HIV/AIDS in India', AIDS Research Institute: AIDS Policy Research Center, University of California, San Franciso, August. http://ari.ucsf.edu/ari/policy/countries.htm
  • National AIDS Control Organization NACO (2003) 'HIV/AIDS Surveillance in India'
  • UNAIDS 2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic
  • UNPAN (2003) National AIDS Prevention and Control Policy (India) www.unpan.org

 

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