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Encyclopedia > AK Gopalan
A. K. G.
A. K. Gopalan

A stamp released by Indian Postal Dept. in honour of A.K.G. in 1990


Constituency Kasaragod

Born October 1, 1904(1904-10-01)
Kannur, Kerala
Political party Communist Party of India (Marxist)
Spouse Susheela Gopalan

Ayillyath Kuttiari Gopalan Nambiar, popularly known as A. K. Gopalan or AKG, was an Indian communist leader. The Leader of the Opposition in India is the politician who leads the body in the Lok Sabha recognized as the Official Opposition. ... is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (see link for calendar). ... For the district with the name Kannur, see Kannur District. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: കേരളം; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated CPI(M) or CPM) is a political party in India. ... Susheela Gopalan (b. ... This article is about the form of society and political movement. ...

Contents

Early life and education

He was born into a Nambiar family on 1 October 1904 in Kannur District of Northern Kerala and educated in Tellichery. By the time he became a teacher, India's independence movement was becoming energized by Mahatma Gandhi. Gopalan took part in the Khilafat Movement [1] which prompted a marked change in his outlook, transforming him into a dedicated fulltime social and political worker. The name Nambiar primarily applies to two separate Hindu communities from Kerala: [Nambiar] - Nambiar is a prominent sub caste of Nair, a martial nobility, similar to the Samurai of Japan, hail from northern Kerala. ... is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (see link for calendar). ... , For the city with the same name, see Kannur. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: കേരളം; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... Tellicherry is one of the three Taluks in Kannur District. ... “Gandhi” redirects here. ... The Khilafat movement (1919-1924) was a political campaign launched mainly by Muslims in South Asia to influence the British government and to protect the Ottoman Empire during the aftermath of World War I. The position of Caliph after the Armistice of Mudros of October 1918 with the military occupation...


Indian National Congress

In 1927 he joined the Indian National Congress and began playing an active role in the Khadi Movement and the upliftment of Harijans. He was arrested for participating in the salt satyagraha in 1930. Year 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Indian National Congress, Congress-I (also known as the Congress Party and abbreviated INC) is a major political party in India. ... In South Asias caste system, an untouchable, dalit, or achuta is a person outside of the four castes, and considered below them. ... Mohandas Karamchand “Mahatma” Gandhi, who developed Satyagraha Satyagraha (Sanskrit: सत्याग्रह satyāgraha) is a philosophy and practice of nonviolent resistance developed by Mohandas K. Gandhi. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...


While in prison he got acquainted with communism and became a member of the Congress Socialist Party and later the Communist Party of India when it finally took shape in Kerala in 1939. He led the hunger march from Malabar region to Madras in 1937 and the Malabar Jatha in support of the movement for responsible government in Travancore. The Congress Socialist Party was founded in 1934 as a socialist caucus within the Indian National Congress. ... The Communist Party of India (CPI) is a political party in India. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: കേരളം; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Malabar region lies along the southwest coast of India and forms the northern part of the present-day state of Kerala. ... Madras refers to: the Indian city of Chennai, formerly known as Madras, the former Indian state, now known as Tamil Nadu (Plural of Madra): Ancient people of Iranian affinites, who lived in northwest Panjab in the Uttarapatha division of ancient India. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Flag for former princely state of Travancore Travancore or Thiruvithaamkoor (Malayalam: തിരുവിതാങ്കൂര്‍ [], തിരുവിതാംകൂര്‍ [], തിരുവിതാങ്കോട് []) was a princely state in India with its capital at Trivandrum (Thiruvananthapuram). ...

Communism in India

Communist Party of India
AITUC - AIKS - AIYF
AISF - NFIW - BKMU
Image File history File links Indicom. ... The Communist Party of India (CPI) is a political party in India. ... AITUC rally in Alappuzha AITUC mural in Ernakulam The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) is the oldest trade union federations in India and one of the three largest. ... AIYF poster in Kerala All India Youth Federation is the youth wing of Communist Party of India. ... The All India Students Federations the first student union in India level. ... NFIW logo National Federation of Indian Women, the womens wing of Communist Party of India. ... BKMU flag BKMU mural in Bhubaneswar Bharatiya Khet Mazdoor Union (Hindi for Indian Land Workers Union) is a trade union of agricultural labourers in India. ...

Communist Party of India (Marxist)
CITU - AIKS - DYFI
SFI - AIDWA - GMP
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated CPI(M) or CPM) is a political party in India. ... 4th CITU West Bengal state conference poster Centre of Indian Trade Unions, a national central trade union federation in India. ... All India Kisan Sabha, the peasants front of Communist Party of India (Marxist). ... DYFI banner DYFI rally in Kolkata Democratic Youth Federation of India (in Hindi भारत कि जनवादी नौजवन सभा, Bharat ki Janvadi Naujavan Sabha), the youth organization of Communist Party of India (Marxist). ... Flag of the Students Federation of India Students Federation of India (SFI) is one of the major student organisations of India. ... The All India Democratic Womens Association (in Hindi: अखिल भरतिय जनवादी महिला समिति), is the womens wing of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). ... Ganamukti Parishad flag Mukti Parishader Itikatha Tripura Rajaer Upajati Ganamukti Parishad (Tripura State Tribal Peoples Liberation Council) In 1948 the Mukti Parishad (Liberation Council, later renamed Ganamukti Parishad) was formed as a struggle front against the despotic rule of the monarchic leadership of Tripura. ...

Naxalbari uprising
Communist Party of India (M-L)
Liberation - New Democracy
Janashakti - PCC - 2nd CC
Red Flag - Class Struggle
Communist Party of India (Maoist)
Map showing the districts affected by the Naxalite movement Naxalite or Naxalism is an informal name given to radical, often violent, revolutionary communist groups that were born out of the Sino-Soviet split in the Indian communist movement. ... The Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) was formed by the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries at a congress in Calcutta in 1969. ... Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation is a communist political party in India. ... IFTU May Day poster Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) New Democracy is a communist political party in India. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Election propaganda in Ukhra, West Bengal Provisional Central Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) is a communist political party in India. ... Jandisha Janedisha Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Second Central Committee, an underground naxalite faction in India. ... Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Red Flag (CPI (ML) Red Flag) was a political party in India. ... Press conference ahead of the elections 2004 Trade union rally in Hyderabad Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) is a communist party in India. ... The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is an underground Maoist political party in India. ...

Socialist Unity Centre of India
AIUTUC - AIMSS
AIDYO - AIDSO The Socialist Unity Centre of India (SUCI) is a communist party in India. ... All India Mahila Samskritik Sanghatan (AIMSS) is an organisation of women with allegiance to the Socialist Unity Centre of India. ... All India Democratic Youth Organization is the youth wing of Socialist Unity Centre of India Categories: | ... All India Democratic Students’ Organization (AIDSO) is a student organization in India. ...

A. K. Gopalan
E. M. S. Namboodiripad
B. T. Ranadive
Charu Majumdar
Jyoti Basu
S.A. Dange
Shibdas Ghosh
T. Nagi Reddy
Elankulam Manakkal Sankaran Namboodiripad, (Malayalam: ഏലങ്കുളം മനക്കല്‍ ശങ്കരന്‍ നമ്പൂതിരിപ്പാട്) (June 13, 1909 – March 19, 1998), popularly knows as EMS, was an Indian communist leader and the first Chief Minister of Kerala. ... B.T. Ranadive (December 19, 1904 – April 6, 1990) generally known as BTR, an Indian politician and trade union leader. ... Charu Majumdar Charu Majumdar(Bangla: চারু মজুমদার) (1918-1972) was an Indian Maoist revolutionary born in 1918 in Siliguri, West Bengal. ... Jyoti Basu (Bengali: ) (born July 8, 1914) is a Communist politician from West Bengal, India. ... Shripat Amrit Dange (10 October 1899 - 22 May 1991) was a founding member of the Communist Party of India (CPI) and a stalwart of Indian trade union movement. ... Shibdas Ghosh: Founder of SUCI Shibdas Ghosh was an Indian communist politician and theoretician. ... Tarimala Nagi Reddy was a communist politician from the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. ...

Tebhaga movement
CCOMPOSA
Poster by the National Tebhaga Movement 50th Anniversary Committee, Bangladesh Tebhaga movement, a militant campaign initiated in Bengal by the Kisan Sabha (peasants front of Communist Party of India) in 1946. ... The Coordination Committee of Maoist Parties and Organizations of South Asia usually goes by its abbreviation, CCOMPOSA. As the name implies, it is an umbrella organization of various South Asian Maoist parties and movements and its purpose is to coordinate their activities throughout South Asia (as well as elsewhere as...

Communism
World Communist Movement
This article is about the form of society and political movement. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Communism Portal

Further arrest

The outbreak of the Second World War in 1939 prompted an upsurge in activism against British domination, and Gopalan was again arrested. But in 1942 he escaped from prison and remained at large till the end of the war in 1945. He was arrested again shortly after the end of the war and was still behind bars when India became independent on August 15, 1947. He was released a few weeks later. Thereafter he was a member of Lok Sabha for 5 consecutive terms till his death on March 22, 1977 and became the first leader of opposition in the parliament of India. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... B.T. Ranadive (December 19, 1904 – April 6, 1990) generally known as BTR, an Indian politician and trade union leader. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... This article is about the day of the year. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Lok Sabhha (alternatively titled, the House of the People, by the Constitution of India) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. ... is the 81st day of the year (82nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1977 (album) by Ash. ...


During the Sino-Indian war in 1962, AKG along with other Indian communists like E.M.S. Namboodiripad took an impartial view and requested both nations to discuss and settle matter peacefully.The official leadership of the party at that time denounced this and supported India Government. Many leaders of the left group were arrested with the support of the leadership of the party. When the party leadership blocked the publication of an article written by then Genral Scretary, EMS condemning government on attacking the left leaders in the party using the cover of the war, he himself quit the post and supported the left group.AKG was part of left group and faced desciplinary action by the party leadership dominated by the right. During this time a newspaper published a letter alleged written by rightist leaders S.A Dange to the British during the freedom struggle. In this letter he promised to keep away from freedom struggle if granted bail. This is used by the left group to beat the right. When the demand of the left to set up a party level inquiry about the alleged letter of S.A Dange is rejected in the National Council of CPI the left group walked away and formed a new Party. Combatants China India Commanders Zhang Guohua[4] Brij Mohan Kaul Strength 80,000[5][6] Casualties Killed 1,460 (Chinese sources)[7] None captured[8][9][10][11] Wounded 1,697[7] Killed 3,128 (Indian sources)[12] Captured 3,968[2] Wounded 548[13] The Sino-Indian War (Simplified... Elankulam Manakkal Sankaran Namboodiripad (1909–1998), popularly known as EMS, was one of the architects of unified Kerala. ...


AKG joined the new break away faction , which later came to be known as Communist Party of India ( Marxist). He also wrote extensively. His autobiography In the Cause of the People has been translated into many languages. His other works include For Land, Around the World, Work in Parliament, and Collected Speeches, all in Malayalam.


Marriage

AKG was married to Susheela Gopalan, who was a prominent Marxist and trade union activist. His daughter, Laila, is married to P. Karunakaran, the Member of Parliament for the Kasargode constituency. Susheela Gopalan (b. ...


Indian Coffee House

AKG played an important role in the formation of Indian Coffee Houses, a worker cooperative initiative by organising the thrown out employees of Coffee Houses of Coffee Board to establish ICHs in late 1950s. His contribution is documented in Coffee Housinte Katha, a Malayalam alternative history book by (Author - Nadakkal Parameswaran Pillai or Coffee House Pillai, the founder of ICHs in Kerala with the Communist Leader of Thrissur Advocate T. K. Krishnan ). Indian Coffee House shop at Thampanoor,Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala The Indian Coffee House is a restaurant chain in India, run by a series of worker co-operative societies. ... A worker cooperative is a cooperative owned and democratically controlled by its employees. ... Alternative history or alternate history develops out of historiography to identify historical points of view that have been ignored, overlooked, or unseeable. ...


Important Dates In AKG’s Life

AKG memorial in Thiruvananthapuram
AKG memorial in Thiruvananthapuram
  • 1904 Was born in Mavilayi, Cannanore District.
  • 1923 Became schoolteacher in an elementary school.
  • 1926-29 Participated actively in Congress Party.
  • 1930 Joined a Satyagraha and was jailed. Became full-time political worker.
  • 1931 Participated as a Captain of the volunteers, in the Guruvayoor Temple-entry Satyagraha.
  • 1934 Joined Congress Socialist Party, founded in Kerala.
  • 1936 Led unemployed jatha from Cannanore to Madras-600 miles on foot.
  • 1937-38 Participated in workers’ struggles and militant peasant agitations.
  • 1939 Joined Communist Party.
  • 1941 Escaped from Vellore Jail.
  • 1946-47 Jailed and spent Independence Day in prison.
  • 1948-51 Jailed under preventive detention; case in Supreme Court.
  • 1951 Elected President of AIKS.
  • 1952 Elected to Lok Sabha and became Leader of the Communist Party in Parliament. Elected subsequently in 1957, 1962, 1967 and 1971, Parliamentary elections.
  • 1952 Visited China and the Soviet Union, attending the 19th Congress of the CPSU.
  • 1957 Participated in the Samyukta Maharashtra and Mahagujarat movement. Arrested in Gujarat.
  • Gave leadership to the struggle of retrenched labourers of India Coffee Board which resulted in the formation of Indian Coffee Houses.
  • 1958 Went to Punjab to aid the peasants in the anti-betterment levy struggle.
  • 1959 Led the struggles of Amravathi peasants in Kerala and went on prolonged hunger strike.
  • 1960 Led peasant jatha in Kerala demanding land reform.
  • 1962 Jailed by the Congress government.
  • 1963 Led peasants against eviction and police terror in Keerithode, Kerala.
  • 1963 Among the 32 leaders of the National Council of the CPI who walked out.
  • 1964 Participated in the Seventh Congress of the CPI(M) elected to the CC and PB in which position he remained till his death.
  • 1965-66 Jailed by the Congress government.
  • 1970 Gave leadership to the militant hutment dwellers struggle of agricultural labour in Kerala where scores died in police firings and goonda attacks.
  • 1972 Participated in the Kerala surplus land struggle and was arrested.
  • 1975 Arrested under MISA and later released.
  • 1977 Visited Cannanore district to oppose police-Congress repression.
  • March 22, 1977 Died in Trivandrum Medical College hospital after a severe stroke.

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x960, 191 KB)A.K.G. memorial in Thiruvanathapuram. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x960, 191 KB)A.K.G. memorial in Thiruvanathapuram. ... , Thiruvananthapuram   (Malayalam: തിരുവനന്തപുരം Tiruvanantapuraṁ), also known as Trivandrum, is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala and the headquarters of the Thiruvananthapuram District. ...

See also

Indian Coffee House shop at Thampanoor,Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala The Indian Coffee House is a restaurant chain in India, run by a series of worker co-operative societies. ... Erambala Krishnan Nayanar (December 9, 1919 - May 19, 2004) was an Indian politician leader of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in Kerala and the Chief Minister. ... Elankulam Manakkal Sankaran Namboodiripad, (Malayalam: ഏലങ്കുളം മനക്കല്‍ ശങ്കരന്‍ നമ്പൂതിരിപ്പാട്) (June 13, 1909 – March 19, 1998), popularly knows as EMS, was an Indian communist leader and the first Chief Minister of Kerala. ...

References


 

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