APOBEC3G is a human protein that interferes with the replication of HIV. It was first identified by Ann Sheehy in 2002 as a cellular factor able to restrict replication of HIV-1 lacking the viral accessory protein Vif. Soon after, it was shown that APOBEC3G belonged to a family of proteins grouped together due to their homology with the cytidine deaminase APOBEC1. APOBEC3G is able to act as a cytidine deaminase, inducing mutations in the HIV DNA. However, it is also able to function as anti-viral protein when the active site has been mutated (and it can no longer mutate viral DNA). The mechanism of this activity remains largely unknown. Trinomial name Homo sapiens sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin for wise man or knowing man) under the family Hominidae (known as the great apes). ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ... Human immunodeficiency virus or HIV is a retrovirus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a condition in which the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ... Vif may refer to: VÃ¥lerenga I.F. Fotball Vif, a commune of the Isère département, in France VIF, abbreviation for Value of In-Force, a life insurance term for the present value of the profits that will emerge from a block of life insurance policies over time... Cytidine is a molecule (known as a nucleoside) that is formed when cytosine is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. ... The active site of an enzyme is the binding site where catalysis occurs. ...

References

Sheehy AM, Gaddis NC, Choi JD, Malim MH. Isolation of a human gene that inhibits HIV-1 infection and is suppressed by the viral Vif protein. NATURE 418 (6898): 646-650 AUG 8 2002