Abdou Diouf (Wolof: Abdu Juuf) (born September 7, 1935) was the second president of Senegal, serving from 1981 to 2000. Diouf is notable both for coming to power by peaceful succession, and leaving willingly after losing the 2000 elections to Abdoulaye Wade. This page contains a list of presidents of Senegal. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... Léopold Sédar Senghor (October 9, 1906 – December 20, 2001) was a Senegalese poet and politician who served as the first president of Senegal (1960–1980). ... Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926 in Kébémer[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. ... is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... Louga is a city and the capital of the Louga Region in northwestern Senegal. ... The Socialist Party of Senegal (Parti socialiste du Sénégal) was the ruling party in Senegal from independence in 1960 until 2000. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... This page deals with Islamic thought. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Tijani order (sufi tarika) was founded in Fez in the 1780s by Ahmad al-Tidjani (d. ... Wolof is a language spoken in Senegal, the Gambia, and Mauritania, and it is the native language of the ethnic group of the Wolof people. ... is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... This page contains a list of presidents of Senegal. ... Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926 in Kébémer[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. ...

Early life

Diouf was born in Louga, Senegal, a child of an Hal Pulaar mother and a Serere father. He went to primary and secondary school at the Lycée Faidherbe in Saint-Louis, and studied law at Dakar University and then at the Sorbonne, Paris. Diouf graduated in 1959.^[1] Louga is a city and the capital of the Louga Region in northwestern Senegal. ... Saint-Louis or Saint-Louis du Sénégal (locally called Ndar in the Wolof language) is a city in the northwest of Senegal near the mouth of the Senegal River (, ). It is the capital of the Saint-Louis Region and has a population of 154,555 (2002 census). ... (City of Dakar, divided into 19 communes darrondissement) City proper (commune) Région Dakar Département Dakar Mayor Pape Diop (PDS) (since 2002) Area 82. ... Inscription over the entrance to the Sorbonne The front of the Sorbonne Building The name Sorbonne (La Sorbonne) is commonly used to refer to the historic University of Paris in Paris, France or one of its successor institutions (see below), but this is a recent usage, and Sorbonne has actually... This article is about the capital of France. ...

Political career

After graduation, Diouf returned to Senegal, where in September 1960 he was appointed director of international technical cooperation. In November of that year he was appointed assistant secretary-general to government and secretary-general to the defense ministry. He joined the Union Progressiste Sénégalaise (UPS) in 1961. In December 1961 he became goveror of the Sine Saloum region until December 1962, when he became President Léopold Senghor's chief of cabinet. At this time Diouf was twenty-seven. He continued to move up in the government, being promoted to the Socialist Party of Senegal and eventually becoming minister of planning and industry.^[2] Léopold Sédar Senghor (October 9, 1906–December 20, 2001) was an Seneglese poet and politician who served as the first president of Senegal (1960–1980). ... The Socialist Party of Senegal (Parti socialiste du Sénégal) was the ruling party in Senegal from independence in 1960 until 2000. ...

Presidency

In 1970 Senghor reinstated the post of prime minister, giving it to Diouf, his protégé. Senghor trusted Diouf, Diouf had administrative experience, and also no independent power base of his own.^[3] This was important, for Senghor's last prime minister had used the position to launch a coup d’état. On January 1, 1981, Senghor resigned in favor of Diouf, who became president of Senegal. A coup détat (pronounced kÅ« dā ta), or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ...

1983 and 1988 Elections

Diouf continued the political liberalization Senghor had begun by holding elections in 1983. He allowed fourteen opposition parties to run, instead of the four Senghor had allowed. The practical effect of this was to fragment the opposition, and Diouf won with 83.5 percent of the vote.^[4]

In 1985, opposing parties tried to form a coalition. It was broken up on the grounds that coalitions were forbidden by the constitution.^[5] Also in 1985, Abdoulaye Wade, Diouf's main political opponent, was temporarily arrested for unlawful demonstration.^[6] Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926 in Kébémer[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. ...

In February, 1988, elections were held again. Diouf won 72.3 percent of the vote to Wade's 25.8 percent, and opposing parties alleged electoral fraud. Disturbances followed, and Diouf declared a state of emergancy, detaining Wade again until May of that year.^[7] Electoral fraud is illegal interference with the process of an election. ...

Senegambia

Under Diouf, Senegal agreed to form a confederation called Senegambia with neighboring Gambia on December 12, 1981; this union took place on February 1, 1982. In April 1989, the Mauritania-Senegal Border War developed, leading to an outbreak of ethnic violence and the severing of diplomatic relations with Mauritania. As the region destabilized, Senegambia was dissolved.  Senegal The Gambia The Sénégambia Confederation was a loose confederation between the West African countries of Senegal and its neighbor the Gambia, which is almost completely surrounded by Senegal. ... The Mauritania-Senegal Border War was a conflict in West Africa. ...

Response to AIDS

In 1986, Diouf began an anti-AIDS program in Senegal, before the virus was able to take off in earnest. He used the media and schools to promote safe-sex messages, and required prostitutes to be registered. He also encouraged civic organizations and both Christian and Muslim religious leaders to raise awareness about AIDS. The result was that while AIDS was decimating much of Africa, the infection rate for Senegal stayed below 2 per cent.^[8] Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS or Aids) is a collection of symptoms and infections resulting from the specific damage to the immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      A Christian () is a person who... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...

1993 and 2000 Elections

Diouf was reelected in February 1993 with 58% of the vote^[9] to a 7-year term; presidential term lengths had been extended by two years in 1991.^[10] In the first round of the 2000 elections, on February 27, he took 41.3% of the vote against 30.1% for the long-time opposition leader Abdoulaye Wade, but in the second round on March 19 he received only 41.5% against 58.5% for Wade.^[9] Diouf conceded defeat and left office on April 1. Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926 in Kébémer[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. ...

From this electoral defeat came one of Diouf's greatest contributions to African peace, for he gracefully surrendered power to Abdoulaye Wade, his long-time rival. When Diouf left office Wade said he should receive a Nobel Peace Prize for leaving without violence.^[11] Lester B. Pearson after accepting the Nobel Peace Prize Image:Nobel-medal. ...

International organizations

Both during and after his presidency, Diouf has been active in international organizations. He was elected president of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) for 1985 to 1986. Soon after his election, he made a personal plea to François Mitterrand, the president of France, resulting in France speaking strongly for sanctions against South Africa. In 1992, he was re-elected president of the OAU again for another year-long term. Since 2003, he has been the secretary-general of La Francophonie. He was re-elected to that post for another four years at the organization's summit in Bucharest in September 2006.^[12] Flag of the Organisation of African Unity, later also used by the African Union. ...   IPA: (October 26, 1916 – January 8, 1996) was President of France from 1981 to 1995, elected as representative of the Socialist Party (PS). ... La Francophonie (formally lOrganisation internationale de la Francophonie), a French language term coined in 1880 by French geographer Onésime Reclus, brother of Elisée Reclus, to designate the community of people and countries using French, is an international organisation of and governments. ... Nickname: Motto: Patria si Dreptul Meu (My Country and My Right) Location of Bucharest within Romania (in red) Coordinates: , Country County Founded 1459 (first official mentioned) Government  - Mayor Adriean Videanu Area  - City 228 km²  (88 sq mi)  - Metro 238 km² (91. ...

Trivia

Diouf is a very tall man, at 6 ft 6 inches (198cm) in height.

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Abdou Diouf

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References

1. ^ Rake, African Leaders: Guiding the New Millinium, p. 193. Scarecrow Press, Inc, 2001.
2. ^ Rake, African Leaders: Guiding the New Millinium, p. 193. Scarecrow Press, Inc, 2001.
3. ^ Rake, African Leaders: Guiding the New Millinium, p. 193. Scarecrow Press, Inc, 2001.
4. ^ Ungar, Africa: The People and Politics of an Emerging Continent, p. 346. Simon and Schusyer, Inc, 1978.
5. ^ Rake, African Leaders: Guiding the New Millinium, p. 194. Scarecrow Press, Inc, 2001.
6. ^ Arnold, Africa: A Modern History, p. 688. Atlantic Books, 2005.
7. ^ Rake, African Leaders: Guiding the New Millinium, p. 195. Scarecrow Press, Inc, 2001.
8. ^ Meredith, The Fate of Africa, p.367. Published by PublicAffaires, 2005.
9. ^ ^{a b} Elections in Senegal, African Elections Database.
10. ^ Human Rights in Developing Countries Yearbook 1997, page 276.
11. ^ Rake, African Leaders: Guiding the New Millinium, p. 196. Scarecrow Press, Inc, 2001.
12. ^ "Diouf re-elected OIF Secretary General for four years", Angola Press, September 30, 2006.

v • d • e Presidents of Senegal

Léopold Sédar Senghor • Abdou Diouf • Abdoulaye Wade The Prime Minister of Senegal is the head of government of Senegal. ... is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... Habib Thiam (born 1933) is a Senegalese politician. ... Léopold Sédar Senghor (October 9, 1906 – December 20, 2001) was a Senegalese poet and politician who served as the first president of Senegal (1960–1980). ... This page contains a list of presidents of Senegal. ... Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926 in Kébémer[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. ... Julius Kambarage Nyerere (April 13, 1922 - October 14, 1999) was President of Tanzania, and previously Tanganyika, from the countrys founding in 1964 until his retirement in 1985. ... The Chairperson of the African Union is chosen by the Assembly of the African Union, which consists of the heads of state of member countries, to serve a one-year term. ... Time in Office 18 March 1977 – 3 April 1977 (part of the Military Committee of the Congolese Labour Party); 8 February 1979 – 3 August 1992 (first time); 25 October 1997 – Predecessor Marien Ngouabi (as a part of the Military Committee of the CLP); Jean-Pierre Thystère Tchicaya (first time... General Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida (born August 17, 1941), popularly known as IBB, was the military ruler of Nigeria from August 1985 until his departure from office under heavy popular pressure in 1993, after his annulment of elections held that year which were widely held to have been the freest and... The Chairperson of the African Union is chosen by the Assembly of the African Union, which consists of the heads of state of member countries, to serve a one-year term. ... Muhammad Hosni Said Mubarak (Arabic: محمد حسنى سيد مبارك Muḥammad ḤusnÄ« Mubārak), commonly known as Hosni Mubarak (Arabic: حسنى مبارك ḤusnÄ« Mubārak), has been the President of Egypt since 14 October 1981. ... Sir Dawda Kairaba Jawara Sir Dawda Kairaba Jawara (born May 16, 1924) was the first President of The Gambia (1970 - 1994). ... The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional group of fifteen countries, founded on May 28, 1975 when fifteen West African countries signed the Treaty of Lagos. ... Nicéphore Dieudonné Soglo (born 29 November 1934) is a Beninese politician who was Prime Minister of Benin from 1990 to 1991 and President from 1991 to 1996. ... This page contains a list of presidents of Senegal. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Senegal. ... Léopold Sédar Senghor (October 9, 1906 – December 20, 2001) was a Senegalese poet and politician who served as the first president of Senegal (1960–1980). ... Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926 in Kébémer[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. ...

v • d • e Chairpersons of the Organization of African Unity and the African Union (AU)

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