Part of the series on Islam Islām is described as a dīn, meaning way of life and/or guidance. ... History of Islam

Beliefs and practices

Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer · Fasting Pilgrimage · Charity Image File history File links I made this. ... The History of Islam involves the history of the Islamic faith as a religion and as a social institution. ... Aqidah (Arabic: عقيدة) is an Arabic Islamic term meaning creed. ... TawhÄ«d (also Tawhid or Tauhid or Tawheed; Arabic توحيد) is the Islamic concept of monotheism. ... The word Allāh is the Arabic term for God. It is most commonly used in Islam and refers to the eternal monotheist Deity. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Salah (also known as salat, solat, solah and several other spellings) (Arabic: صلاة, Quranic Arabic: صلوة) refers to the five daily ritual prayers that Muslims offer to Allah (God). ... Ramadan or Ramadhan (Arabic: رمضان ) is the ninth month of the Islamic year. ... The Hajj or Haj (Arabic حَجّ Ḥaǧǧ) is the Pilgrimage to Mecca (or, Makkah) and is the fifth of the Five Pillars of Islam in Sunni Islam and one of the ten Branches of Religion in Shia Islam. ... Beliefs and practices Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer · Fasting Pilgrimage · Charity Major figures Muhammad Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam Texts & law Quran · Hadith · Sharia Jurisprudence Biographies of Muhammad Branches of Islam Sunni · Shia · Sufi Sociopolitical aspects Art · Architecture Cities · Calendar Science · Philosophy...

Major figures

Muhammad Ali · Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam This list is poorly defined, permanently incomplete, or has become unverifiable or an indiscriminate list or repository of loosely associated topics. ... Muhammad is a common Muslim male name. ... For other uses, see Ali (disambiguation). ... Abu Bakr As Siddiq (Arabic ابو بكر الصديق, alternative spellings, Abubakar, Abi Bakr, Abu Bakar) (c. ... In the Islamic religion, the Sahaba (or Asahaaba,الصحابه; both forms are plural--the singular is Sahaabi, which is Arabic for friend, or companion) are the companions of the Prophet Muhammad. ... This is an Arabic phrase literally translated as People of the House, or family. ... The Quran identifies a number of men as prophets of Islam. ...

Texts & law

Qur'an · Hadith · Sharia Jurisprudence Biographies of Muhammad // Quran Text Surahs Ayah Commentary/Exegesis Tafsir ibn Kathir (by Ibn Kathir) Tafsir al-Tabari (by Tabari) Al Kordobi Tafseer-e-kabir (by Imam Razi) Tafheem-al-Quran (by Maulana Maududi) Sunnah/Hadith Hadith (Traditions of The Prophet) The Siha-e-Sitta al-Bukhari (d. ... The Quran (Arabic: al-qurān, literally the recitation; also called Al Qurān Al KarÄ«m or The Noble Quran; or transliterated Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ... Hadith (Arabic: , Arabic pl. ... Sharia (Arabic: ; also SharÄ«ah, Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is the Arabic word for Islamic law, also known as the Law of Allah. ... - Islamic jurisprudence, Fiqh (in Arabic and Persian: فقه) is made up of the rulings of Islamic jurists to direct the lives of the Muslim faithful. ... This article is not about the group of British engineering companies called Sira; see Sira (group of British companies). ...

Branches of Islam

Sunni · Shi'a · Sufi The religion of Islam has many divisions, sects, schools, traditions, and related faiths. ... There are several branches of Islam. ... Shia Islam or Shi`ism (from the Arabic word شيعة, short for the historic phrase shi`at `Ali شيعة علي, meaning the followers of Ali) is the second-largest Islamic denomination. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف tasÌ£awwuf) is a mystic tradition of Islam based on the pursuit of spiritual truth as it is gradually revealed to the heart and mind of the Sufi (one who practices Sufism). ...

Sociopolitical aspects

Art · Architecture Cities · Calendar Science · Philosophy Religious leaders Women in Islam Political Islam · Jihad Liberal Islam Islamic tilework of the Shrine of Hadhrat Masoumah, first built in the late 8th century. ... Islamic architecture is the entire range of architecture that has evolved from Islam as a social, cultural, political and religious phenomenon. ... This is a list of cities that various groups regard as holy. ... The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar (also called Hijri calendar) is the calendar used to date events in predominantly Muslim countries, and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate Muslim holy days. ... Photo taken from medieval manuscript by Qotbeddin Shirazi, an Astronomer. ... Islamic philosophy (الفلسفة الإسلامية) is a longstanding attempt to create harmony between faith, reason or philosophy, and the religious teachings of Islam. ... Islamic religious leaders are persons who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, perform a prominent role within their community or nation. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... Islam as a political movement has a diverse character that has at different times incorporated elements of many other political movements, while simultaneously adapting the religious views of Islamic fundamentalism, particularly the view of Islam as a political religion. ... Jihad (Arabic: jihād) is an Islamic term, from the Arabic root jhd (to exert utmost effort, to strive, struggle), which connotes a wide range of meanings: anything from an inward spiritual struggle to attain perfect faith to a political or military struggle to further the Islamic cause. ... In modern times there have been a number of liberal movements within Islam (sometimes called in Arabic: الإسلام الإجتهادية or interpretation-based Islam; also الإسلام المتقدمة or progressive Islam — These generally denote religious outlooks which depend mainly on ijtihad or re-interpretations of scriptures. ...

See also

Vocabulary of Islam Index of articles on Islam The following list consists of concepts that are derived from both Islam and Arab tradition, which are expressed as words in the Arabic language. ...

Abdullah ibn Abbas (Arabic: عبد الله ابن عباس ) was a cousin of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He is revered by Shiites and Sunnis alike for his knowledge. He was a hafiz and an expert in the exegesis of the Qur'an, as well as an authority on the Sunnah of Muhammad due to his zeal in acquiring new knowledge. The Arabic language (; , less formally, ) is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ... Islām is described as a dÄ«n, meaning way of life and/or guidance. ... A prophet is a person who is believed to communicate with God, or with a deity. ... Muhammad is a common Muslim male name. ... Shi‘as (the adjective in Arabic is شيعى shi‘i; English has traditionally used Shiite) which mean follower in Arabic make up the second largest sect of believers in Islam, constituting about 30%-35% of all Muslim. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... Hafiz or Hafez (Arabic:حافظ), literally meaning guardian, is a term used by Muslims for people who have completely memorized the Quran. ... The Quran (Arabic: al-qurān, literally the recitation; also called Al Qurān Al KarÄ«m or The Noble Quran; or transliterated Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ... Sunna redirects to here, which can also refer to Sunne or Frau Sonne, a Scandinavian sun goddess, also known as Sol. ... Muhammad is a common Muslim male name. ...

During Muhammad's time

When Abdullah was born in 619 ce, his mother, Umm al-Fadl Lubaba, took him to Muhammad, who put some of his saliva on the babe's tongue even before he began to suckle. This was the beginning of the close and intimate relationship between Abbas and Muhammad that was marked by a life-long love and devotion. this is a sahaba of Muhammad Mother of Abdullah ibn Abbas and Fadl ibn Abbas , married to Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, sister of Maymuna bint al-Harith aka Umm al-Fadl See also Family tree of Lubaba bint al-Harith Sahaba External links http://www. ...

His brother was Fadl ibn Abbas, and his father was Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib. this is a sahaba of Muhammad brother of Abdullah ibn Abbas See also Family tree of Fadl ibn Abbas Sahaba External links http://www. ... al-Abbas ibn `Abd al-Muttalib (566–652) was an uncle of Muhammad. ...

His knowledge

When Abdullah was a child, Muhammad would often draw him close, pat him on the shoulder and pray, "O Lord, make him acquire a deep understanding of the religion of Islam and instruct him in the meaning and interpretation of things." Islām is described as a dīn, meaning way of life and/or guidance. ...

During the lifetime of Muhammad, Abdullah did not miss any of the Muhammad's assemblies and he would commit to memory whatever Muhammad said. After Muhammad passed away, he would take care to go to as many Sahaba as possible, especially those who knew Muhammad the longest, and learn from them whatever Muhammad had taught them. Whenever he heard that someone knew a hadith of the Muhammad which he did not know he would quickly go to him and record it. He would subject whatever he heard to close scrutiny and check it against other reports. He would go to as many as thirty Companions to verify a single matter. In the Islamic religion, the Sahaba (or Asahaaba,الصحابه; both forms are plural--the singular is Sahaabi, which is Arabic for friend, or companion) are the companions of the Prophet Muhammad. ... Hadith (Arabic: , Arabic pl. ...

Abdullah described what he once did on hearing that a companion of Muhammad knew a hadith unknown to him: "I went to him during the time of the afternoon siesta and spread my cloak in front of his door. The wind blew dust on me (as I sat waiting for him). If I wished I could have sought his permission to enter and he would certainly have given me permission. But I preferred to wait on him so that he could be completely refreshed. Coming out of his house and seeing me in that condition he said, 'O cousin of the Prophet! What's the matter with you? If you had sent for me I would have come to you.' 'I am the one who should come to you, for knowledge is sought, it does not just come,' I said. I asked him about the hadith and learnt from him."

Abdullah ibn Abbas was not content just to accumulate knowledge. He felt he had a duty to the ummah to educate those in search of knowledge and the general masses of the Muslim community. He turned to teaching and his house became a university in the full sense of the word, a university with specialized teaching but with only one teacher, Abdullah ibn Abbas.^{Sunni site} Ummah (أمة) is an Arabic word that means community or nation. ...

He taught many people about Islam, including among the Sahaba Umar ibn al-Khattab and among the Taba'een Atiyya bin Saad and Sa'id bin Jubayr. For other uses of the name, see Umar (disambiguation). ... The Tabaeen (or Followers) are the generation of Muslims that came after the Sahaba. ... Atiyya bin Saad bin Junada belonged to the Judaila family of the tribe known as Qays and his patronymic appellation was Abdul Hasan according to al-Tabari. ... Sa’īd bin Jubayr, whose known was Abū Muhammad, was originally from Kufa. ...

On Muhammad's Deathbed

When Umar claimed that there was no need for Muhammad's will since Umar had the Quran, Ibn Abbas rushed out crying, there he met Ubaidullah ibn Abdullah. According to him, Ibn Abbas used to say, "No doubt, it was a great disaster that Allah's Apostle was prevented from writing for them that writing because of their differences and noise." ^{Sahih Bukhari 59.717} this is a sahaba of Muhammad retold the event of the pen and paper as he heard from Ibn Abbas. ... Sahih Bukhari is a hadith collection written by Muhammad al-Bukhari. ...

During the Reign of Abu Bakr

His Oath of Allegiance

According to Sunni sources, neither Ibn Abbas nor the rest of Banu Hashim did give their allegiance to Abu Bakr until Ali allegedly did so. Banu Hashim (Arabic: بنو هاشم) is a clan in the Quraish tribe. ... Abu Bakr As Siddiq (Arabic ابو بكر الصديق, alternative spellings, Abubakar, Abi Bakr, Abu Bakar) (c. ...

His inheritance from Muhammad

Ibn Abbas, Fatimah and all the wives of Muhammad ^{Sahih Muslim 19.4351} demanded their share of inheritance, but Abu Bakr refused to give them anything, arguing that he had heard Muhammad say "We (Prophets) do not have any heirs; what we leave behind is (to be given in) charity" and that he was going to make provisions for those for whom Muhammad made provisions. Sahih Muslim is a collection of sayings and deeds of Prophet Muhammad (also known as the sunnah). ...

In Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir by Ibn sa'd it is stated:

On this Ali said, "Solomon inherited David", and Zachariah said, "He may be my heir and the heir of the children of John the Baptist".

Abu Bakr said, "This is as this is. By Allah! You know it as I know."

Thereupon Ali said, "This is the Book of Allah that speaks!"

Then they became quiet and retired. ^Tabari

During the Reign of Umar

Inheritance

At the beginning of Umar's reign as Caliph, Ibn Abbas and Ali went to Umar with a dispute between them (Ali and ibn abbas). During the dispute (according to the sunnis), ibn Abbas referred to Ali as a liar, sinful, treacherous and dishonest person^{Sahih Muslim 19.4349}. They also wanted to get their inheritance now that Abu Bakr passed away. Umar refused, arguing that Abu Bakr heard what he claimed. Umar heard Ibn Abbas calling Ali a liar, sinful, treacherous and dishonest person but thought (according to the sunnis) that Ibn abbas was referring to Abu bakr and himself (Umar) as he was denying them inheritance. The dispute (according to the sunnis) was between Ali and Ibn abbas^{Sahih Bukhari [1]}. Ibn abbas (according to the sunnis) refered to Ali as "liar" in other sunni reports. The Sunnis say that Ali and Ibn Abbas used to call each other names (out of love). As far as the inheritance is concerned, Umar gave it to them. But it was on the condition that it should be used for the same purposes for which it was used by the Prophet Muhammed. Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ... Sahih Muslim is a collection of sayings and deeds of Prophet Muhammad (also known as the sunnah). ... Sahih Bukhari is a hadith collection written by Muhammad al-Bukhari. ... Muhammad (Arabic محمد, also transliterated Mohammad, Mohammed, and formerly Mahomet, following the Latin) is revered by Muslims as the final prophet of God. ...

His Wisdom

Umar ibn al-Khattab often sought his advice on important matters of state and described him as a "young man of maturity". ^{Sunni site}

Umar ibn Al-Khattab used to treat Ibn Abbas very favorably. Umar said, "It is because of his knowledge." Then 'Umar asked Ibn 'Abbas about the interpretation of the Verse:- 'When come the Help of Allah and the conquest (of Mecca) (110.1) Ibn 'Abbas said. "It portended the death of Allah's Apostle, which Allah had informed him of." 'Umar said, "I do not know from this Verse but what you know." ^{Sahih Bukhari 56.821}

For other uses of the name, see Umar (disambiguation). ... Sahih Bukhari is a hadith collection written by Muhammad al-Bukhari. ...

His Views on Temporary Marriage

Ibn Abbas argued against the ban of temporary marriage: Introduction Muta (Arab: nikaa al-muta) is a type of marriage which, according to Shariah (islamic law), is a marriage with a preset duration. ...

Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr delivered an address in Mecca saying: Allah has made blind the hearts of some people as He has deprived them of eyesight that they give religious verdict in favour of temporary marriage, while he was alluding to a person (Ibn 'Abbas).

Ibn Abbas called him and said: You are an uncouth person, devoid of sense. By my life, Mut'a was practised during the lifetime of the leader of the pious [Muhammad].

Ibn Zubair said to him: just do it yourselves, and by Allah, if you do that I will stone you with your stones. ^{Sahih Muslim 8.8261, 7.2874}

Sunnis claim Ali corrected him in the matter, Shias disagree arguing it impossible for the knowledgeable Ibn Abbas to have remained ignorant on the issue during Umar's caliphate and take such a forceful stand against the prohibition without feeling assured. read more. Abd Allah az-Zubayr or Ibn Zubayr (624 - 692) was the son of Zubayr, who was the nephew of Khadija, and Asma, who was the daughter of Abu Bakr. ... Sahih Muslim is a collection of sayings and deeds of Prophet Muhammad (also known as the sunnah). ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

During the Reign of Ali

One of his remarkable achievements was that he convinced 20,000 of 24,000 [Khawarij]] to return to Ali. He used his immense knowledge of the Quran and the biography of the prophet Muhammed to convince them and hence stopped them from rebelling against Ali, the Caliph. ^{Sunnni Site}

During the Reign of Yazid

According to the Shias, due to coercion and duress he gave an oath of allegiance to Yazid the son of Muawiyah the son of Abu Sufyan. Shia contend that he used Taqiyya. While the Sunnis remain nuetral about Yazid, they believe Ibn abbas was for the unity of the Muslims and hence did not revolt against rulers who were basically unjust. An oath of allegiance is an oath whereby a subject or citizen acknowledges his duty of allegiance and swears loyalty to his Sovereign or country. ... There were several notable persons named Yazid: Yazid I (born c. ... Muawiyah I (602 - May 6, 680), early Muslim leader and founder of the great Umayyad Dynasty of caliphs. ... Abu Sufyan ibn Harb was the leader of the Banu Abd Shams clan of the Quraish tribe, and was the chieftain of the entire Quraish tribe, making him one of, if not the most powerful men in Mecca during the lifetime of Muhammad. ... In Shia Islamic tradition, Taqiyya (التقية) is the dissimulation of one’s religious beliefs when one fears for ones life, the lives of ones family members, or for the preservation of the faith. ...

Last days

At the age of 70, while talking to his student, the Taba'een Said ibn Jubair , Ibn Abbas cried when recalling the person preventing the will caling Muhammad "Delirious" ^{Sahih Bukhari 53.393}. The Tabaeen (or Followers) are the generation of Muslims that came after the Sahaba. ... Student of ibn Abbas, also talked to Ibn Umar ... Sahih Bukhari is a hadith collection written by Muhammad al-Bukhari. ...

He died in 68 Hijri The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar is the calendar used to date events in predominately Muslim countries, and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate Muslim holy days. ...

Legacy

His son was Ali ibn Abdullah d:118H

From Ibn Abbas lineage came the Abbasid dynasty, that replaced the Umayyad dynasty. The Courtyard of the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, one of the grandest architectural legacies of the Umayyads. ...

He is considered to be the most knowledgeable of the Sahaba in tafsir. A book entitled tanwir al-miqbas min Tafsir Ibn Abbas (Beirut, n.d.) is a complete tafsir of the Qur'an. all explanations of which are said to go back to Ibn 'Abbas. On the question of authenticity, see al-Sawwaf, op.cit. p. 140. In the Islamic religion, the Sahaba (or Asahaaba,الصحابه; both forms are plural--the singular is Sahaabi, which is Arabic for friend, or companion) are the companions of the Prophet Muhammad. ... A tafsir ( (Arabic: تفسير )tafsīr, also transliterated tafseer, Arabic explanation) is Quranic exegesis or commentary. ... The Quran (Arabic: al-qurān, literally the recitation; also called Al Qurān Al Karīm or The Noble Quran; or transliterated Quran, Koran, and less commonly Alcoran) is the holy book of Islam. ...

Ibn Abbas is highly resptected by both Shia and Sunnis, although Shia suffered sever persecution during the Abbasid Dynasty.

See also

• Family tree of Abdullah ibn Abbas
• Sahaba

Grandfather: Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim Father: Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib Himself: Abdullah ibn Abbas Son: Ali ibn Abdullah d:118H Grandson: Muhammad ibn Ali d:122H Abul Abbas Al-Satta bin Muhammad d:136H (749-754G) Abu Jaafer Al-Mansoor bin Muhammad d:158H (754-775G) Muhammad Al... In the Islamic religion, the Sahaba (or Asahaaba,الصحابه; both forms are plural--the singular is Sahaabi, which is Arabic for friend, or companion) are the companions of the Prophet Muhammad. ...

External links

• http://www.youngmuslims.ca/online_library/books/ulum_al_quran/Ch6S1s7s4.htm