Abortion, in its most common usage, refers to the voluntary or induced termination of a pregnancy, generally through the use of surgical procedures or drugs. A pregnant woman Pregnancy is the process by which a mammalian female carries a live offspring from conception until it develops to the point where the offspring is capable of living outside the womb. ... Surgery Surgery is the medical specialty that treats diseases or injuries by operative manual and instrumental treatment. ...

Medically, the term also refers to the early expulsion of a fetus or embryo by natural causes ("spontaneous abortion" or miscarriage), which ends one in five of all pregnancies, usually within the first thirteen weeks, or to the cessation of normal growth of a body part or organ. What follows is a discussion of the issues related to deliberately induced abortion. Fetus at eight weeks A fetus (alternatively foetus or fœtus) is an embryo in later stages of development, from the third month of pregnancy until birth in humans. ... Categories: Biology stubs | Developmental biology ... Miscarriage is the lay term for the natural or accidental termination of a pregnancy at a stage where the fetus is incapable of surviving. ...

Methods of abortion

Depending on the stage of pregnancy, abortion can describe a number of different ways to eliminate the fetus or embryo. Chemical abortion (or Medical Abortion as opposed to Surgical Abortion) is a method that is used when it is induced during the first nine weeks. The procedure consists of administering either methotrexate or mifepristone (RU-486) followed by administration of misoprostol. Approximately eight percent of these abortions require surgical followup, usually by vacuum aspiration (See below). Methotrexate may also treat undiagnosed or concomittant tubal pregnancies which occur in about 2% of all patients who desire to terminate their fetus or embryo. About 10% of abortions in the United States and Europe are induced medically. Fetus at eight weeks A fetus (alternatively foetus or fœtus) is an embryo in later stages of development, from the third month of pregnancy until birth in humans. ... Categories: Biology stubs | Developmental biology ... A chemical abortion is a type of abortion in which a drug is used to induce the abortion, rather than a surgical procedure. ... Methotrexate (abbreviated MTX; formerly known as amethopterin) is an antimetabolite drug used in treatment of cancer and autoimmune disease. ... Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid. ... Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid. ... Misoprostol is a prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) analogue used for the treatment and prevention of stomach ulcers. ... Fetus at eight weeks A fetus (alternatively foetus or fœtus) is an embryo in later stages of development, from the third month of pregnancy until birth in humans. ... Categories: Biology stubs | Developmental biology ...

In the first fifteen weeks, suction-aspiration or vacuum abortion are the most common methods, replacing the more risky dilation and curettage (D & C). Manual vacuum aspiration or MVA abortion consists of removing the embryo by suction using a manual syringe, while Electric vacuum aspiration or EVA abortion uses suction produced by an electric pump to remove the embryo. From the fifteenth week up until around the eighteenth week a surgical dilation and evacuation (D & E) is used. D & E consists of opening the cervix of the uterus and emptying it using surgical instruments and suction. Dilation and curettage is a gynaecological procedure performed on the female reproductive system. ... Categories: Biology stubs | Developmental biology ... A syringe consists of a plunger fitted to a tube with a small opening on one end used either to inject or suck out a liquid. ... Categories: Anatomy stubs | Reproductive system | Gynecology ... Female internal reproductive anatomy The uterus or womb is the major female reproductive organ of most mammals, including humans. ...

Dilation and suction curettage consists of emptying the uterus by suction using a different apparatus. Curettage is cleaning the walls of uterus with a curette. Dilation and curettage (D & C) is a standard gynaecological procedure performed for a variety of reasons, such as examination. These abortions are usually done before 12 weeks. ... Female internal reproductive anatomy The uterus or womb is the major female reproductive organ of most mammals, including humans. ... In surgery, the use of a curette to remove tissue by scraping or scooping. ... Female internal reproductive anatomy The uterus or womb is the major female reproductive organ of most mammals, including humans. ... Noun A spoon-shaped surgical instrument for cleaning a diseased surface. ... Dilation and curettage is a gynaecological procedure performed on the female reproductive system. ...

As the fetus size increases, other techniques must be used to induce abortion in the third trimester. Premature expulsion of the fetus can be induced with prostaglandin; this can be coupled with injecting the amniotic fluid with saline or urea solution. Very late abortions can be brought about by the controversial intact dilation and extraction (D & X) or a hysterotomy abortion, similar to a caesarian section, and requiring the surgical decompression of the fetus's head before evacuation. This procedure is also controversially termed "partial-birth abortion." Fetus at eight weeks A fetus (alternatively foetus or fœtus) is an embryo in later stages of development, from the third month of pregnancy until birth in humans. ... For the term trimester used in academic settings, see Academic term The human gestation period of approximately 40 weeks between the time of the last menstrual cycle and delivery is traditionally divided into three periods of three months, or trimesters. ... A prostaglandin is any member of a group of lipid compounds that are derived from fatty acids and have important functions in the animal body. ... The amniotic sac is a tough but thin transparent pair of membranes which holds a developing embryo (and later fetus) until shortly before birth. ... In medicine saline is a solution of sodium chloride in water. ... Urea Urea is an organic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, with the formula CON2H4 and the structure: In some animals, the individual atoms of urea come from carbon dioxide, water, aspartate and ammonia in a metabolic pathway known as the urea cycle, an anabolic process. ... Intact dilation and extraction is an abortion technique in which the patients cervix is dilated and fetus extracted in substantially one piece. ... A caesarean section (cesarean section AE), is a surgical incision through a mothers abdomen (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy) to deliver one or more fetuses. ... The phrase partial-birth abortion is a controversial one used primarily by abortion opponents in the United States. ...

Drugs like the "morning-after pill" or RU-486 could also be described as methods of abortion, but they are dealt with in other entries. The morning-after pill, also known as emergency contraception or emergency birth control, is a pill regimen that a woman can take up to three days after she has had sexual intercourse to prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg in her uterus. ... Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid. ...

Possible side effects

Postabortion psychological issues

Research has been carried out on the question of whether abortion is associated with increased risk of clinical depression, but the results are mixed. According to a study of 1,884 women conducted by the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, women who did not carry their first pregnancies to term are 65% more likely to be diagnosed with clinical depression around eight years later. However, other studies did not support a conclusion that depression may be caused by abortion. For example, a study of 2,525 women revealed that women who had an abortion were more likely to report depression or lower satisfaction with their lives. However, they also often reported rape, childhood physical and sexual abuse, and violent partners. After controlling for the history of abuse, partner characteristics, and background variables, abortion was not related to poorer mental health (Denious, J. & Russo, N. F. (2000). The Socio-Political Context of Abortion and its Relationship to Women's Mental Health. In J. Ussher (Ed.). Women's Health: Contemporary International Perspectives (pp. 431-439). London: British Psychological Society.). In ordinary conversation, nearly any mood with some element of sadness may be called depressed. However, for depression to be termed clinical depression it must reach criteria which are generally accepted by clinicians; it is more than just a temporary state of sadness. ... The word depression can mean: A decrease of functional activity in behavior patterns. ... For the domesticated crop plant called rape, see rapeseed. ... Child abuse is the physical or psychological mistreatment of a child by his or her parents (including adoptive parents), guardians, or other adults. ... Spousal abuse is the term applied to the specific form of domestic violence where physical or sexual abuse is perpetuated by one spouse upon another. ... The Scream, the famous painting commonly thought of as depicting the experience of mental illness. ...

A study in the Medical Science Monitor (http://www.medscimonit.com/medscimonit/index.php) said that "Consistent with previous research, the data here suggest abortion can increase stress and decrease coping abilities, particularly for those women who have a history of adverse childhood events and prior traumata."

In the study, 65% of post-abortive American women and 13.1% of Russian women experienced multiple symptoms of increased arousal, re-experiencing, and avoidance associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). According to the study, 14.3% of American and 0.9% of Russian women met the full diagnostic criteria for PTSD. (Vincent Rue, Priscilla Coleman, James Rue, David Reardon (2004). Induced abortion and traumatic stress: A preliminary comparison of American and Russian women. Med Sci Monit, 2004; 10(10): SR5-16). American, when used as an adjective, can mean of the United States of America or of or relating to the Americas; when used as a noun, United States citizen, residing in the Americas, or less frequently American English. Immigrants to the United States are usually called first-generation Americans, regardless... Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), is a term for the psychological consequences of exposure to or confrontation with stressful experiences, which involve actual or threatened death, serious physical injury or a threat to physical integrity and which the person found highly traumatic. ...

In keeping with the paper, it should however be noted that many day to day tasks cause problems for sufferers of PTSD, especially as a result of child abuse.

Postabortion physical issues

• The exact risk and type of complications depend on the abortion method as well as the clinical and hygienic conditions. Studies found that in developed countries where abortion is legal, the risk of serious physical complications of an abortion is less than 1%. In countries where abortion is illegal, this percentage is much higher, although the exact figure is unknown. This is due to the inherently dangerous nature of unregulated illegal surgery by doctors of dubious skill. Use of "traditional medicine" methods (overdoses of various drugs, inserting various objects into uterus) for abortions is also very dangerous. Serious complications from abortions done outside of professional clinics may include infections, bleeding, and in many cases lead to death.
• A specific complication that can arise, especially with repeated abortions by a dilatation and curettage, is the development of Asherman syndrome.

• Main Article: Abortion-Breast Cancer (ABC) hypothesis

The Abortion-Breast Cancer (ABC) hypothesis is based on the fact that during early pregnancy, hormone levels increase significantly. This initiates cellular differentiation (growth) in the breast preparing for lactation. The ABC hypothesis states that if the pregnancy is aborted before full differentiation in the third trimester, then more "vulnerable" undifferentiated cells would be left than prior to the pregnancy; resulting in an elevated risk of breast cancer. The majority of interview based studies have indicated a link, some are statistically significant, but there is a debate as to how reliable they are. The most recent meta-analysis published in The Lancet (March 2004) of 53 epidemiological studies concluded that there was no ABC link. Nevertheless, gaps remain in the research and the "ABC link" is still a hot campaigning issue in anti-abortion circles.

Dilation and curettage is a gynaecological procedure performed on the female reproductive system. ... Ashermans syndrome , also called uterine synechiae, presents a condition characterized by the presence of scars within the uterine cavity. ... The Abortion_Breast Cancer (ABC) hypothesis is based on the fact that during early pregnancy hormone levels increase significantly. ... A pregnant woman Pregnancy is the process by which a mammalian female carries a live offspring from conception until it develops to the point where the offspring is capable of living outside the womb. ... Hormone is also the NATO reporting name for the Soviet/Russian Kamov Ka-25 military helicopter. ... Cellular differentiation is a concept from developmental biology describing the process by which cells acquire a type. The morphology of a cell may change dramatically during differentiation, but the genetic material remains the same, with few exceptions. ... The term breast can refer to the upper ventral region of the human torso. ... A breastfeeding infant Breastfeeding is the practice of a woman feeding an infant (or sometimes a toddler or a young child) with milk produced from her mammary glands, usually directly from the nipples. ... A hypothesis (= assumption in ancient Greek) is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. ... For the term trimester used in academic settings, see Academic term The human gestation period of approximately 40 weeks between the time of the last menstrual cycle and delivery is traditionally divided into three periods of three months, or trimesters. ... Breast cancer is cancer of breast tissue. ... A meta-analysis is a statistical practice of combining the results of a number of studies. ... The Lancet is a British medical journal, published weekly by the Lancet Publishing Group. ... Epidemiology (Greek epi = upon, among; demos = people, district; logos = word, discourse), defined literally, is the study of epidemics in humans. ...

Abortion law

Main Article: Abortion law Abortion has been a controversial subject throughout history due to the moral and ethical issues that surround it. ...

Abortion has been a controversial subject throughout history due to the moral and ethical issues that surround it. It has been regularly banned and otherwise limited. Almost 2/3 of the world’s women currently reside in countries where abortion may be obtained on request or for a broad range of social, economic or personal reasons. Abortion laws vary widely by country, with some countries allowing nearly total liberalization, and others banning abortion under any circumstances. There are also countries that do not have any laws restricting abortion, such as Canada (see Abortion in Canada). Morality is a complex of principles based on cultural, religious, and philosophical concepts and beliefs, by which an individual determines whether his or her actions are right or wrong. ... The adjective social implies that the verb or noun to which it is applied is somehow more communicative, cooperative, and moderated by contact with human beings, than if it were omitted. ... Economics (in Greek Οικονομικά) derives from the Greek word Eco(οίκω=house) and nemo(νέμω=distribute) is the social science that studies the allocation of scarce resources through measurable variables. ... Canada is a sovereign state in northern North America, the northern-most country in the world, and the second largest in total area. ... Canada is one of only a few countries in the world with no laws limiting abortion. ...

Paternal rights

Generally, the abortion debate is cast in terms that limit rights over the abortion decision to the prospective mother. Some, however, have argued that abortion also involves rights for prospective fathers. For a discussion of this topic, please see the Oklahoma Law Review, "Abortions of the Paternal Prerogatives Of Unwed Natural Fathers," 2000.

Abortion as a political issue

Abortion has sometimes been a bitterly-fought battle in politics, particularly in the United States. The real controversy in the U.S. started in 1973, when the Supreme Court ruled, in the case of Roe vs. Wade, that abortion was a Constitutionally protected right. Specifically, they ruled that states could not forbid a woman to terminate her pregnancy in the first three months (the first trimester) of her pregnancy. Politics is the process and method of decision-making for groups of human beings. ... 1973 was a common year starting on Monday. ... The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C. The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C., (large image) The Supreme Court of the United States, located in Washington, D.C., is the highest court (see supreme court) in the United States; that is, it has ultimate judicial authority within the United States... Holding Texas laws criminalizing abortion violated womens Fourteenth Amendment right to choose whether or not to continue a pregnancy. ...

Opponents of abortion are usually termed Pro-Life, whilst proponents of abortion rights are usually termed Pro-Choice. The United States Supreme Court is largely considered the gatekeeper of abortion rights in the United States, and as a result, the possibility of the balance of the Court shifting towards a more conservative body became an issue in the 2004 US Presidential Election. Pro-Life is the self-description for those in North America and Great Britain who are of the general political opinion that abortion is morally wrong and should not be legal. ... Pro-Choice is the preferred self-description of people who believe that a woman should have the freedom to terminate a pregnancy by having an abortion if she does not want to have a baby. ... Presidential electoral votes by state. ...

There have been a number of murders and related crimes (such as bombings) committed in the U.S. by those opposed to abortion, mostly directed at abortion providers. Such violence, however, is denounced by the mainstream pro-life movement. Murder is both a legal and a moral term, that are not always coincident. ...

In many other countries, abortion is less of a political issue. For a long time, it was not considered a mainstream political issue in Great Britain. However, in the runup to the 2005 General Election, Michael Howard, the leader of the Conservatives, stated that he, personally, might support a reduction in the limit from 24 weeks to 20 weeks, a move supported by both the Anglican and Catholic Churches. More radical UK Christian groups such as Christian Voice view such reductions as inconsequential and wish to see abortion outlawed completely. Any review would, however, still be subject to a 'free vote' by Members of Parliament - 'free' meaning that Members would not be required to support their party's policy, if any, on the subject. Politics is the process and method of decision-making for groups of human beings. ... The United Kingdom general election of 2005 will be held on 5 May 2005, just over three weeks after the dissolution of Parliament on 11 April by Queen Elizabeth II, at the request of the Prime Minister, Tony Blair. ... Michael Howard The Rt Hon. ... The Conservative Party is the largest political party on the right in the United Kingdom. ... The term Anglican (from the Angles or English) describes those people and churches following the religious traditions developed by the established Church of England. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... Christian Voice is a fundamentalist Christian organisation that is led by Stephen Green. ... The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative institution in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories (it alone has parliamentary sovereignty). ...

Debate on abortion

The cornerstone of the pro-choice movement is reproductive rights, which its proponents argue encompasses the right of a woman to choose to have an abortion. Most of the arguments are characterized by an appeal to privacy rights and gender equality. The pro-choice movement tends to regard abortion as a form of birth control, freeing women from the physical and emotional burden of sex. Feminists often suggest that men are already free of pregnancy and do not have to carry children at all, and so abortion is merely an additional equalizer in this regard. Pro-Choice is the preferred self-description of people who believe that a woman should have the freedom to terminate a pregnancy by having an abortion if she does not want to have a baby. ... This article is about sex, meaning the different sexes; male, female, etc. ...

Mainstream feminist organizations like the National Organization for Women are generally pro-choice, but similar views are shared by groups ranging from American Civil Liberties Union to Planned Parenthood. National Organization for Women (NOW) is an American feminist group founded on June 30, 1966 in Washington, D.C. by women attending the Third National Conference of the Commission on the Status of Women. ... Pro-Choice is the preferred self-description of people who believe that a woman should have the freedom to terminate a pregnancy by having an abortion if she does not want to have a baby. ... The American Civil Liberties Union, or ACLU, is a non-governmental organization devoted to defending civil rights and civil liberties and baby-killing in the United States. ... Planned Parenthood is an American organization devoted to individual determination with regards to matters of fertility. ...

Pro-life feminists connect abortion to war and characterize it as a male-dominated institution of violence against both women and children. Early feminists took the view that abortion was a horrible tragedy, a disastrous crime, and a male-supported instrument to further power over women. Pro-Life is the self-description for those in North America and Great Britain who are of the general political opinion that abortion is morally wrong and should not be legal. ...

Elizabeth Cady Stanton termed abortion infanticide. Mattie Brinkerhoff characterized abortion as destroying the life of an unborn child, and evidence that a woman "has been greatly wronged." Victoria Woodhull, the first female US presidential candidate, affirmed that "[t]he rights of children as individuals begin while yet they remain the foetus." Caroline Elizabeth Sarah Norton wrote of "infant butcheries" and "ante-natal child murder," describing abortion as interfering with "the right of the unborn to be born." Mary Wollstonecraft suggested outright that abortion violated the laws of nature and Matilda Joslyn Gage suggested it was one of the greatest wrongs against women and that it was committed by men. Alice Paul, author of the first Equal Rights Amendment in 1923, said simply "Abortion is the ultimate exploitation of women." Susan B. Anthony referred to it as "child murder" and said: Elizabeth Cady Stanton and her daughter Harriot. ... Infanticide is the practice of intentionally causing the death of an infant. ... Victoria Claflin Woodhull (1838-1927) was a feminist reformer, some say clairvoyant, stock broker, sex symbol and free love advocate of the 19th century. ... Caroline Elizabeth Sarah Norton (Sheridan) (1808 - 1877), grand_daughter of Richard Brinsley Sarah, married in 1827 the Hon. ... Mary Wollstonecraft (April 27, 1759 - September 10, 1797) was the author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman and mother of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley. ... Categories: Stub | 1826 births | 1898 deaths | U.S. womens rights activists ... Alice Paul Alice Paul (January 11, 1885 – July 9, 1977) was an American suffragist leader. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Susan Brownell Anthony Susan Brownell Anthony, (February 15, 1820 – March 13, 1906) was an American civil rights leader who, along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, led the effort to grant women the right to vote in the United States. ...

"Guilty? Yes. No matter what the motive, love of ease, or a desire to save from suffering the unborn innocent, the woman is awfully guilty who commits the deed. It will burden her conscience in life, it will burden her soul in death; But oh, thrice guilty is he who drove her to the desperation which impelled her to the crime!"

While these views are now uncommon among mainstream feminist organizations, Feminists For Life explicitly and aggressively opposes abortion. Feminists for Life is a US politically oriented organization advocating pro-life views, opposition to abortion and violence, and support for feminism. ...

Legislative effectiveness debates

Some pro-choice advocates prefer to advance the position that illegalization of abortion will be ineffective; their stance as to the ethics of abortion illegalization is that it would not reduce number of abortion procedures, but only increase the difficulty and decrease the safety of the procedures undergone. They argue that illegalization would thus unnecessarily increase the suffering of an already vulnerable segment of the population. The estimated number of abortion procedures per year prior to 1973 ranges from 1,000,000 to 100,000 compared to the CDC's 1997 statistic of 1,186,039, (1997 being the last year where privacy laws allowed national tracking). The abolition of abortion, these advocates maintain, could be as ineffective and dangerous as the abolition of alcohol. They argue that it would provide an unregulated profit center for illegal organizations but little real change in the number of procedures performed. This argument makes the issue one of legislative effectiveness in ethics, assuming that because abortions will be performed in any case, the duty of the state becomes the establishment and maintenance of order in the medical disciplines and the alleviation the suffering of pregnant women who choose to undergo abortion. This article is about the prohibition of alcoholic beverages; separate articles on the prohibition of drugs in general and writs of prohibition are also available. ...

The main objection against the "effectiveness" argument is that it disregards the moral issues, especially the unborn's right to life. Thus Pro-life advocates deplore parallels to the Prohibition as presuming a moral equivalency between abortion and alcohol consumption. Sometimes they rebut the argument by stating that Prohibition considerably reduced American consumption of alcoholic beverages and hospital admissions for liver disease. They hold that, likewise, criminalization of abortion would deter many abortion procedures and save lives, and also that the legalisation of abortion does not significantly increase women's safety. This article is about the prohibition of alcoholic beverages; separate articles on the prohibition of drugs in general and writs of prohibition are also available. ... This article is about the prohibition of alcoholic beverages; separate articles on the prohibition of drugs in general and writs of prohibition are also available. ...

Related topics

• Chemical abortion
• Fetal protection
• History of abortion
• Morality and legality of abortion
• Religion and abortion
• Roe effect
• Sex-selective abortion and infanticide
• Selective reduction

A chemical abortion is a type of abortion in which a drug is used to induce the abortion, rather than a surgical procedure. ... Fetal protection legislation in the United States refers to laws designed to grant recognition as a legal person to a fetus. ... Historically, the ethicality of abortion (induced abortion) was rarely discussed. ... The morality and legality of abortion are controversial topics. ... Many religions place legal or moral limitations on active abortion, for various theological reasons. ... The Roe effect is a theory of how the court case Roe v. ... Sex-selective abortion is the practice of aborting a fetus after a determination (usually by ultrasound but also rarely by amniocentesis or another procedure) that the fetus is an undesired sex, typically female. ... Selective reduction (or fetal reduction) is the practice of reducing the number of fetuses in a multifetal pregnancy (i. ...

External links

Wikiquote is a sister project of Wikipedia, using the same MediaWiki software. ...

Politically neutral links

• Religious Tolerance - Abortion: All sides of the issue (http://www.religioustolerance.org/abortion.htm)
• The Abortion Pill - Mifepristone (http://www.thedoctorslounge.net/obslounge/articles/mifepruse/mifepruse.htm)

Pro-choice links

• Abortion Providers (http://www.abortion.com) Abortion Clinic Directory
• Medical & Surgical Abortion Providers (http://www.abortionclinic.org) Abortion provider directory by The National Coalition of Abortion Providers
• Abortion Debate - The Case for Legal Abortion (http://www.atheistfoundation.org.au/abort1.htm) Atheist Foundation of Australia Inc.
• Abortion and the Alternatives (http://www.atheistfoundation.org.au/abortion.htm) Atheist Foundation of Australia Inc.
• Planned Parenthood (http://www.plannedparenthood.com/)
• Choice USA (http://www.choiceusa.org/)
• National Abortion Federation (http://www.prochoice.org/)
• NARAL Pro-Choice America (http://www.naral.org/)
• Pro-Choice Connection (Canada) (http://www.prochoiceconnection.com/)
• Pro-Choice Public Education Project (http://www.protectchoice.org/)
• Pro-Choice Libertarians (http://www.pro-choicelibertarians.net/)
• Planned Parenthood Health Information (http://www.plannedparenthood.com/health/)
• Abortion, Viability, and the Right to Life (http://www.geocities.com/chadofborg/medicalethics.htm)
• I'm Not Sorry (http://www.imnotsorry.net/)
• Medical Students For Choice (http://www.ms4c.org/)
• Law Students for Choice (http://www.lawstudentsforchoice.org/)
• Abortion Clinics Online - Reputable Abortion Clinics Near You (http://www.abortionclinic.com/)
• Capitalism is Pro-Abortion (http://www.capitalism.org/faq/abortion.htm)
• Help for women with an unwanted pregnancy in countries where abortion is illegal (http://www.womenonwaves.org/set-1020.628-en.html)

Pro-life links

• Helping the Church reach post-abortive women in the Church (http://www.inourmidst.com)
• Just Facts: Abortion (http://justfacts.com/abortion.htm) - Science of the pre-born human, history of U.S. abortion law, Gallup poll and other media information.
• "After Abortion" (http://afterabortion.blogspot.com)
• "Abortion Facts" (http://www.abortionfacts.com)
• The Center for Bioethical Reform (http://abortionno.com/) - Uses photos of aborted fetuses (as early as 8 weeks) to convince public that abortion is murder.
• Pro-Life News (http://www.lifenews.com)
• Catholic Apologetics of America Article by Kevin D. Dello Iacono "In Defense of the Catholic Church's Teaching on Abortion." (http://catholicapologeticsofamerica.blogspot.com/2004_04_01_catholicapologeticsofamerica_archive.html)
• National Pro-Life Alliance (http://www.prolifealliance.com)
• The National Right to Life Committee (http://www.nrlc.org)
• Post-Abortion Help (http://www.safehavenministries.com)
• Human Life International (http://www.hli.org)
• American Life League (http://www.all.org)
• Children of God For Life (http://www.cogforlife.org)
• LifeNews.org (http://www.lifenews.org) - Pro-life news.
• Priests for Life (http://www.priestsforlife.org)
• Pro-Life Alliance (http://www.prolife.org.uk) - UK pro-life group.
• Rock for Life (http://www.rockforlife.org/html/index.html) - Organization uniting pro-life musicians.
• Libertarians for Life (http://www.l4l.org/)
• Feminists for Life (http://www.feministsforlife.org)
• British Columbia Parents and Teachers for Life (http://www.bcptl.org)
• Crossing Over Ministry (http://www.roenomore.org/crossing_over/) - Official web site of Jane Roe (from Roe vs. Wade)
• Atheist and Agnostic Pro-Life League (http://www.godlessprolifers.org/home.html)
• Nat Hentoff on Abortion (http://www-swiss.ai.mit.edu/~rauch/nvp/hentoff.html) - Abortion columns by Nat Hentoff, a pro-life civil libertarian
• Jews for Life (http://www.jewsforlife.org)