El abrazo de Vergara ("The Embrace of Vergara"), with the figures of Espartero and Maroto shaking hands as a symbol of the end of the Carlist War. Painting by Bernardo López. Museo Lázaro Galdiano, Madrid

The Convention of Vergara (Spanish: Convenio de Vergara) was a treaty successfully ending the major fighting in Spain's First Carlist War. The treaty—also known by many other names including the Embrace of Vergara (Spanish: Abrazo de Vergara) was signed by Baldomero Espartero for the Isabelines (or "Constitutionalists") and Rafael Maroto for the Carlists. Image File history File links Baldomero_Espartero_and_Rafael_Maroto_-_The_Hug_of_Vergara_by_Bernardo_Lopez. ... Image File history File links Baldomero_Espartero_and_Rafael_Maroto_-_The_Hug_of_Vergara_by_Bernardo_Lopez. ... Motto: La Suma de Todos (The Sum of Everyone) Location Coordinates: Country Spain Autonomous Community Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid Province Madrid Administrative Divisions 21 Neighborhoods 127 Founded 9th century Government  - Mayor Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón (PP) Area  - Land 607 km² (234. ... At the beginning of the 18th century, King Philip V of Spain promulgated the Salic Law, which declared illegal the inheritance of the Spanish crown by women. ... Baldomero Espartero (1793 - 1879) was a Spanish general and political figure. ... Isabella II (October 10, 1830 – April 10, 1904), Isabel II in Spanish, was Queen regnant of Spain (Queen of the Spains officially from August 13, 1836, Isabella II the queen of Castile, Leon, Aragon,...) She was born in Madrid, and was the eldest daughter of Ferdinand VII, king of Spain... Rafael Maroto with his niece Margarita Borgoño, painting by Raymond Monvoisin Rafael Maroto Yserns (October 15, 1783 — August 25, 1853) was a Spanish general. ... Carlism restored the cross of Burgundy assimilated by the Spanish Bourbons throught the Spanish Habsburgs and used as flag of the Spanish empire. ...

The two generals met at the hermitage of San Antolín de Abadiano near Durango. The British commissioner Colonel Wylde attended as an observer, because of England's recent role as mediator in the conflict; also present was brigadier Francisco Linage, secretary to Espartero. Location of Durango in Biscay. ...

Initially, negotiations were stymied by the matter of fueros, the special rights of certain regions of Spain, notably the Basque Country and Navarre: Maroto had promised to defend the fueros and Espartero held that they were unconstitutional. The fuero is a Spanish legal term and concept; there is a similar Portuguese term, the foral. ... For the traditional overall Basque domain, see Basque Country (historical territory). ... Capital Pamplona (Basque: Iruña) Official language(s) Spanish; Basque co-official in the north of community. ...

As negotiations took place, both armies remained positioned and prepared, although they did not battle. Two less senior Carlist officers—La Torre and Urbiztondo—formalized the treaty with Espartero; the first written version still lacked Maroto's signature, although everything that it expounded was in his name. Later, Espartero sent a copy to Maroto with a request to sign it formally.

Text of the Vergara Agreement (1839).

The first article of the treaty was related to fueros, and declared that "Captain General Don Baldomero Espartero will recommend with interest to the government compliance with its offer to compromise formally to propose to the Court the concession or modification of the fueros."^[1] The term Don may refer to Donald, a Western name Don (honorific), a Spanish, Portuguese and Italian title, given as a mark of respect A crime boss Don, Nord, a commune of the Nord département in northern France Don (TN), a comune in the province of Trento, in northern...

Despite the treaty having been signed by these high-ranking officers, the Navarrese battalions, above all, felt a certain repugnance, distrust and discontent, including having officials who still intended military revolt. However, on August 31, 1839, in Vergara (now Bergara in Guipuscoa), General Espartero, his troops at the ready, gave a speech to the assembled troops of all sides, in which he gave them the option of continuing in the Queen's service or returning to their homes. History recounts that all of them decided to adhere to the treaty. August 31 is the 243rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (244th in leap years), with 122 days remaining. ... 1839 (MDCCCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Vergara is the name of: an industrial city in the Spanish Basque province of Guipuzcoa, also the site of a seminary; and the seven year long First Carlist war was ended by the Convenio de Vergara (August 31, 1839), a convention in which the concession and modification of the fueros...

Alterwards, Rafael Maroto gave a stirring speech:

Volunteers and Basque countrymen, no one was more devoted than I to restoring the right to the Spanish throne to Carlos María Isidro de Borbón, but none is more convinced by the experience of a multitude of events, that never could this prince bring my country happiness, which is the sole motive of my heart.^[2] Infante Carlos of Spain Don Carlos María Isidro Benito de Borbón, Infante of Spain (1788-1855) was the second surviving son of King Charles IV of Spain and of his wife, Maria Louisa of Parma. ...

With the conflict at an end, Maroto resumed the rank of lieutenant general and was named Minister of the Supreme Tribunal of War and Marine.

Notes

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