The absolute gain of an antenna, for a given direction and polarization, is the ratio of (a) the power that would be required at the input of an ideal isotropic radiator to (b) the power actually supplied to the given antenna, to produce the same radiationintensity in the far-field region.
If no direction is given, the absolute gain of an antenna corresponds to the direction of maximum effective radiated power. Absolute gain is usually expressed in dB.
Examples of absolute gain are no-load gain, full-load gain, and small-signal gain.
A gain of 10 would imply that either the voltage or power is increased by a factor of 10.
In antenna design, gain is the logarithm of the ratio of the intensity of an antenna'sradiation pattern in the direction of strongest radiation to that of a reference antenna.
Gain is calculated by fair market value or the proceeds from the sale of the investment minus the sum of the purchase price and all costs associated with it.