Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... Divisions Green algae land plants (embryophytes) non-vascular embryophytes Hepatophyta - liverworts Anthocerophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses vascular plants (tracheophytes) seedless vascular plants Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongue ferns seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also angiosperms or Magnoliophyta) are one of the major groups of modern plants, comprising those that produce seeds in specialized reproductive organs called flowers, where the ovulary or carpel is enclosed. ... Magnoliopsida is the botanical name for a class: this name is formed by replacing the termination -aceae in the name Magnoliaceae by the termination -opsida (Art 16 of the ICBN). ... Families Fabaceae (legumes) Quillajaceae Polygalaceae (milkwort family) Surianaceae The Fabales are an order of flowering plants, included in the rosid group of dicotyledons. ... Subfamilies Faboideae Caesalpinioideae Mimosoideae References GRIN-CA 2002-09-01 The name Fabaceae belongs to either of two families, depending on viewpoint. ... Infrafamilies Acacieae Ingeae Mimoseae Mimozygantheae Parkieae The Mimosoideae is a subfamily of the Family Fabaceae characterized by flowers with small petals and numerous prominent stamens. ... Species About 1,300; see List of Acacia species Acacia tree in the Serengeti, Tanzania Acacia is a genus of shrubs and trees of Gondwanian origin belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae, first described from Africa by Linnaeus in 1773. ... In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ... In scientific nomenclature, synonyms are different scientific names used for a single taxon. ... Georg August Schweinfurth Georg August Schweinfurth (December 29, 1836 – September 19, 1925), German botanist, traveller in East Central Africa and ethnologist, was born at Riga, Latvia, Russian Empire. ... In botanical nomenclature, variety is a rank below that of species: As such, it gets a ternary name (a name in three parts). ...

Description

The tree is distributed from Egypt to Kenya and west Senegal. In the Sahara, it often grows in damp valleys.

Acacia seyal

Acacia seyal is a thorny, 6 - 10 m high tree with a greenish or reddish bark. At the base of the 3 - 10 cm feathery leaves there 2 straight light-grey thorns. The blossoms form round, bright yellow clusters approximately in 1.5 cm diameter, in some cases growing to 7 - 20 cm long.

Acacia seyal bark

Uses

Gum arabic

Acacia seyal is beside other acacias, the most important supplier for gum arabic, a natural polysaccharide, that drips out of the cracks of the bark and solidifies.^[2] Species ~1,300; See List of Acacia species Acacia is a genus of shrubs and trees of Gondwanian origin belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the Pea Family Fabaceae, first described from Africa by Linnaeus in 1773. ... Acacia senegal plant from Koehlers Medicinal-Plants 1887 Gum arabic, a natural gum also called gum acacia, is a substance that is taken from two sub-Saharan species of the acacia tree, Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal. ... Polysaccharides (sometimes called glycans) are relatively complex carbohydrates. ...

Tanning

Parts of the tree have a tannin content of up to 18-20%. The bark and seed pods of Acacia seyal sensu lato var. seyal have a tannin content of about 20%.^[3] Tannins are astringent, bitter-tasting plant polyphenols that bind and precipitate proteins. ...

Wood

Wood from the tree is said to have been used in Ancient Egypt to make coffins and also Noah's Ark.^[4] Khafres Pyramid (4th dynasty) and Great Sphinx of Giza (c. ... An open casket A coffin (in North American English, also known as a casket, although the design is different - coffins taper towards the feet while caskets remain the same width) is a funerary box used in the display and containment of deceased remains -- either for burial or cremation. ... A painting by the American Edward Hicks (1780–1849), showing the animals boarding Noahs Ark two by two. ...

Medicinal uses

Bark

The bark is used to treat dysentery and bacterial infections of the skin, such as leprosy. The bark is also used as a stimulant.^[2] Dysentery (formerly known as flux or the bloody flux) is the term for tenesmus (painful straining to pass stool), cramping, and frequent, small-volume severe diarrhea associated with blood in the feces. ... Phyla Actinobacteria Aquificae Chlamydiae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Lentisphaerae Nitrospirae Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Verrucomicrobia Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are unicellular microorganisms. ... An infection is the detrimental colonization of a host organism by a foreign species. ... In zootomy and dermatology, skin is the largest organ of the integumentary system made up of multiple layers of epithelial tissues that guard underlying muscles and organs. ... For the malady found in the Hebrew Bible, see the article Tzaraath. ... Stimulants are drugs that temporarily increase alertness and wakefulness. ...

Gum

The gum is used as an aphrodesiac, to treat diarrhea, as an emollient, to treat hemorrhaging, inflammation of the eye, intestinal ailments and rhinitis. The gum is used to ward off arthritis and bronchitis.^[2] An aphrodisiac is an agent which causes the arousal of sexual desire. ... Types 5-7 on the Bristol Stool Chart are often associated with diarrhea Diarrhea (in American English) or diarrhoea (in British English) is a condition in which the sufferer has frequent watery, loose bowel movements (from the Greek word διάρροια; literally meaning through-flowing). Acute infectious diarrhea is a common cause... Emollients soften skin (and moisturisers add moisture). ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... An abscess on the skin, showing the redness and swelling characteristic of inflammation. ... // A human eye. ... In anatomy, the intestine is the segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine (or colon). ... Rhinitis is the medical term describing irritation and inflammation of the nose. ... Arthritis (from Greek arthro-, joint + -itis, inflammation; plural: arthritides) is a group of conditions where there is damage caused to the joints of the body. ... Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi (medium-size airways) in the lungs. ...

Wood

Incense from the wood is used to treat pain from rheumatism and to keep expectant mothers from contracting rhinitis and fevers.^[2] Incense is a preparation of aromatic organic materials, intended to release fragrant smoke when burned. ... Rheumatism or Rheumatic disorder is a non-specific term for medical problems affecting the heart, bones, joints, kidney, skin and lung. ... An analogue medical thermometer showing the temperature of 38. ...

Botanical varieties

• Acacia seyal Del. Var. fistula (Schweinf.)Oliver^[5]
• Acacia seyal sensu lato var. seyal^[3]

References

1. ^ ILDIS LegumeWeb
2. ^ ^{a b c d} Purdue University
3. ^ ^{a b} FAO
4. ^ Botanical Dermatology Database
5. ^ ILDIS

• Arbonnier, M. Arbres, arbustes et the lianes zones seches d'Afrique de l'Ouest. CIRAD. Montpellier, 2000 ISBN 287614431X
• Wikipedia (German) "Seyal-Akazie"

An Acacia seyal at the border of Israel and Egypt in the Sinai Desert