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College Regalia and Academic Costume (444 words) |
 | Heraldic shields have been used throughout history in the seals of nations as well as in those of colleges and universities. |
 | The College shield or logo represents Lewis & Clark's tradition of excellence in the liberal arts and sciences, education and counseling, and the law, and its evolution into one of the nation's outstanding institutions of higher learning. |
 | The tradition of academic dress began several centuries ago in chilly universities where cap, gown, and hood were needed for covering and warmth. |
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Shield (280 words) |
 | Shields for protection from armed attack is still used by many police forces around the world. |
 | In heraldry, the shield is the principal portion of a heraldic achievement or coat of arms. |
 | Other figures besides the shield are used; at one time ladies customarily bore their arms upon a lozenge, or diamond-shape, and clergymen bore theirs on a cartouche, or oval. |