 A small variety of cars, the most popular kind of automobile. An automobile is a wheeled vehicle that carries its own motor. Different types of automobiles include cars, buses, trucks, vans, and motorcycles, with cars being the most popular. The term is derived from Greek 'autos' (self) and Latin 'movére' (move), referring to the fact that it 'moves by itself'. Earlier terms for automobile include 'horseless carriage' and 'motor car'. An automobile has seats for the driver and, almost without exception, one or more passengers. It is the main source of transportation across the world. Automobiles by Yves Guillot Source BNF Free of rights Alvailable at http://gallica. ...
Automobiles by Yves Guillot Source BNF Free of rights Alvailable at http://gallica. ...
A driving wheel on a steam locomotive. ...
Vehicles are non-living means of transportation. ...
A motor is a device that converts energy into mechanical power, and is often synonymous with engine. ...
TheBus, established by Mayor Frank Fasi, is Honolulus only public transit system. ...
The driver of this DAF tractor with an auto-transport semi-trailer prepares to offload Skoda Octavia cars in Cardiff, Wales For further uses of the word truck, see Truck (disambiguation). ...
Van can mean: Van, a road vehicle. ...
A motorcycle (or motorbike) is a two-wheeled vehicle powered by an engine. ...
The automotive Brass Era is the first period of automotive manufacturing, named for the prominent brass fittings used during this time for such things as lights and radiators. ...
Driving is the controlled operation of a vehicle, which is usually a motor vehicle such as a truck, bus, motorcycle, or car. ...
As of 2005 there are 500 million cars worldwide (0.074 per capita), of which 220 million are located in the United States (0.75 per capita). 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
History
- Main articles: History of the automobile, and [[{{{2}}}]], and [[{{{3}}}]], and [[{{{4}}}]], and [[{{{5}}}]]
=Prehistory Steam-powered self propelled vehicles were devised in the late 18th century. ...
The modern automobile The modern automobile powered by the Otto gasoline engine was invented in Germany by Karl Benz. Even though Karl Benz is credited with the invention of the modern automobile, several other German engineers worked on building the first automobile at the same time. The inventors are: Karl Benz on July 3, 1886 in Mannheim, Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in Stuttgart (also inventors of the first motor bike) and in 1888/89 German-Austrian inventor Siegfried Marcus in Vienna.
This article needs copyediting (checking for proper English spelling, grammar, usage, tone, style, and voice). ...
This article needs copyediting (checking for proper English spelling, grammar, usage, tone, style, and voice). ...
July 3 is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 181 days remaining. ...
1886 is a common year starting on Friday (click on link to calendar) // Events January 18 - Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England. ...
Basic information Country: Germany Federal state: Land Baden-Württemberg Regions: Rhein-Neckar District: Independent municipality Population: 324,787 (Mai 2005) Additional information Area: 144. ...
Gottlieb Daimler Replica of first Motorcycle Gottlieb Wilhelm Daimler (born March 17, 1834 in Schorndorf - died March 6, 1900 in Cannstatt, Stuttgart) was an engineer, industrial designer and industrialist from Germany who, together with Wilhelm Maybach, pioneered internal-combustion engine and automobile development. ...
Wilhelm Maybach (February 9, 1846 - December 29, 1929) was a German car-engine and automobile constructor and industrialist. ...
Stuttgart, a city located in southern Germany, is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg with a population of approximately 590,000 as of September 2005 in the city and around 3 million in the metropolitan area. ...
Siegfried Marcus 1831-1898 Siegfried Samuel Marcus (born in Malchin, Mecklenburg, Germany, on 1831-09-18, died in Vienna on 1898-07-01) was a German – Austrian inventor and automobile pioneer of Jewish ancestry. ...
Vienna (German: Wien [viËn]; Slovenian: Dunaj, Hungarian: Bécs, Czech: VÃdeň, Slovak: Viedeň, Romany Vidnya; Croatian and Serbian: BeÄ) is the capital of Austria, and also one of Austrias nine states (Land Wien). ...
=Prehistory Steam-powered self propelled vehicles were devised in the late 18th century. ...
=Prehistory Steam-powered self propelled vehicles were devised in the late 18th century. ...
=Prehistory Steam-powered self propelled vehicles were devised in the late 18th century. ...
=Prehistory Steam-powered self propelled vehicles were devised in the late 18th century. ...
=Prehistory Steam-powered self propelled vehicles were devised in the late 18th century. ...
=Prehistory Steam-powered self propelled vehicles were devised in the late 18th century. ...
Steam powered vehicles Steam-powered self-propelled cars were devised in the late 18th century. The first self-propelled car was built by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot in 1769—it could attain speeds of up to 6 km/h. In 1771 he designed another steam-driven car, which ran so fast that it rammed into a wall, producing the world’s first car accident. (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ...
Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot (25 September 1725 – 2 October 1804) was a French inventor who built what may have been the worlds first self-propelled mechanical vehicle or automobile. ...
Combustion engine In 1806 Fransois Isaac de Rivaz designed the first internal combustion engine (sometimes abbreviated "ICE" today). He subsequently used it to develop the world’s first vehicle to run on such an engine, one that used a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen to generate energy. It has been suggested that Car engine be merged into this article or section. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series Chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless Atomic mass 15. ...
The first American automobiles with gasoline-powered internal combustion engines were completed in 1877 by George Baldwin Selden of Rochester, New York, who applied for a patent on the automobile in 1879. Selden received his patent and later sued the Ford Motor Company for infringing his patent. Henry Ford was notoriously against the American patent system, and Selden's case against Ford went all the way to the Supreme Court, who ruled that Ford had to pay a penalty to Selden, but could continue manufacturing automobiles, because the technology had changed quite a bit by that time. It has been suggested that Car engine be merged into this article or section. ...
George B. Selden, born September 14, 1846 in Clarkson, New York, died January 17, 1922 in Rochester, New York, was a lawyer and inventor who was granted the first U.S. patent for an automobile. ...
A portion of Rochesters skyline, looking north along the Genesee River from the Ford Street Bridge. ...
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest court in the United States of America. ...
Meanwhile, notable advances in steam power evolved in Birmingham, England by the Lunar Society. It was here that the term horsepower was first used. It was in Birmingham also that the first British four wheel petrol-driven automobiles were built in 1895 by Frederick William Lanchester who also patented the disc brake in the city. Electric vehicles were produced by a small number of manufacturers. The city from above Centenary Square. ...
The Lunar Society was a discussion club of prominent industrialists and scientists, who met regularly between 1765 and 1813 in Birmingham, England. ...
The horsepower (hp) is the name of several non-metric units of power. ...
Gasoline, as it is known in North America, or petrol, in many Commonwealth countries (sometimes also called motor spirit) is a petroleum-derived liquid mixture consisting primarily of hydrocarbons, used as fuel in internal combustion engines. ...
Frederick William Lanchester (October 23, 1868 - March 8, 1946) was an English polymath and engineer who made important contributions to automotive engineering, aerodynamics and co-invented the field of operations research. ...
Close-up of a disc brake on a car On automobiles, disc brakes are often located within the wheel The disc brake is a device for slowing or stopping the rotation of a wheel. ...
An electric vehicle is a vehicle whose motion is provided by electric motors. ...
Innovation The first automobile patent in the United States was granted to Oliver Evans in 1789; in 1804 Evans demonstrated his first successful self-propelled vehicle, which not only was the first automobile in the US but was also the first amphibious vehicle, as his steam-powered vehicle was able to travel on wheels on land and via a paddle wheel in the water. A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state to a person for a fixed period of time in exchange for the regulated, public disclosure of certain details of a device, method, process or composition of matter (substance) (known as an invention) which is new, inventive and...
Oliver Evans Oliver Evans (13 September 1755 – 15 April 1819) was a United States inventor. ...
An amphibian or amphibious vehicle, is a vehicle that, like an amphibian, can move on land as well as on water. ...
A driving wheel on a steam locomotive. ...
A paddle steamer, paddleboat, or paddlewheeler is a ship driven by one or more paddle wheels driven by a steam engine. ...
On 5 November 1895, George B. Selden was granted a United States patent for a two-stroke automobile engine (U.S. Patent 549160). This patent did more to hinder than encourage development of autos in the USA. A major breakthrough came with the historic drive of Bertha Benz in 1888. Steam, electric, and gasoline powered autos competed for decades, with gasoline internal combustion engines achieving dominance in the 1910s. November 5 is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 56 days remaining. ...
1895 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
George B. Selden, born September 14, 1846 in Clarkson, New York, died January 17, 1922 in Rochester, New York, was a lawyer and inventor who was granted the first U.S. patent for an automobile, which he invented in 1877. ...
The two-stroke cycle of an internal combustion engine differs from the more common four-stroke cycle by having only two strokes (linear movements of the piston) instead of four, although the same four operations (intake, compression, power, exhaust) still occur. ...
Bertha Benz, born Bertha Ringer, was the first person who drove a car over a longer distance. ...
The large scale, production-line manufacturing of affordable automobiles was debuted by Oldsmobile in 1902, then greatly expanded by Henry Ford in the 1910s. Early automobiles were often referred to as 'horseless carriages', and did not stray far from the design of their predecessor. Through the period from 1900 to the mid 1920s, development of automotive technology was rapid, due in part to the hundreds of small manufacturers competing to gain the world's attention. Key developments included electric ignition and the electric self-starter (both by Charles Kettering, for the Cadillac Motor Company in 1910-1911), independent suspension, and four-wheel brakes. Photograph of the dashboard of a Bentley Continental GT taken by SamH at the 2003 Goodwood Festival of Speed. ...
Photograph of the dashboard of a Bentley Continental GT taken by SamH at the 2003 Goodwood Festival of Speed. ...
Categories: Automobile stubs | Bentley vehicles ...
A method of production which embodies groups of workers repeating the same procedures of production along a line over which the product is moved and gradually completed. ...
The final Oldsmobile Logo used from the 1990s until the final Olds rolled off the line. ...
Time Magazine, January 14, 1935 Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was the founder of the Ford Motor Company and the Henry Ford Company (which later became Cadillac). ...
The ignition system of an internal-combustion engine is an important part of the overall engine system. ...
Charles Kettering, on a Time cover, 1933 Charles Franklin Kettering (August 29, 1876 – November 24 or November 25, 1958), also known as Boss Kettering, was born in northern Ohio, USA. He was a farmer, school teacher, mechanic, engineer, scientist, inventor and social philosopher. ...
Cadillac is a brand of luxury automobile, part of the General Motors corporation, produced and mostly sold in the USA; outside of North America, they have been less successful. ...
By the 1930s, most of the technology used in automobiles had been invented, although it was often re-invented again at a later date and credited to someone else. For example, front-wheel drive was re-introduced by Andre Citroën with the launch of the Traction Avant in 1934, though it appeared several years earlier in road cars made by Alvis and Cord, and in racing cars by Miller (and may have appeared as early as 1897). After 1930, the number of auto manufacturers declined sharply as the industry consolidated and matured. Since 1960, the number of manufacturers has remained virtually constant, and innovation slowed. For the most part, "new" automotive technology was a refinement on earlier work, though these refinements were sometimes so extensive as to render the original work nearly unrecognizable. The chief exception to this was electronic engine management, which entered into wide use in the 1960s, when electronic parts became cheap enough to be mass-produced and rugged enough to handle the harsh environment of an automobile. Developed by Bosch, these electronic systems have enabled automobiles to drastically reduce exhaust emissions while increasing efficiency and power. Front wheel drive is the most common form of engine/transmission layout used in modern automobiles, where the engine drives the front wheels. ...
André-Gustave Citroën (Born February 2, 1878 and died July 3, 1935 in Paris) was a French entrepreneur of Dutch descent. ...
A black Traction Avant 1934 Traction Avant 11CV Citroëns Traction Avant, or simply Traction, was the name of a very innovative car produced in the 1930s by Citroën. ...
A 1929 Cord L-29 Phaeton on display at the 2005 United States Grand Prix Cord L-29. ...
Profession A miller is a person who owns or operates a mill in which grain is crushed and ground to make flour. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
In automotive electronics, an electronic control unit (ECU) is an embedded microcomputer that controls one or more of the electrical subsystems in a vehicle. ...
Mass production is the production of large amounts of standardised products on production lines. ...
The Robert Bosch GmbH is a German company which was started in 1886 by Robert Bosch. ...
Exhaust gas is gas which occurs as a result of combustion of fuel such as gasoline/petrol, diesel or coal. ...
Model changeover and design change
 A Ford Taurus, a modern family car which has gone through a number of changes. Cars are not merely continually perfected mechanical contrivances; since the 1920s nearly all have been mass-produced to meet a market, so marketing plans and manufacture to meet them have often dominated automobile design. It was Alfred P. Sloan who established the idea of different makes of cars produced by one firm, so that buyers could "move up" as their fortunes improved. The makes shared parts with one another so that the larger production volume resulted in lower costs for each price range. For example, in the 1950s, Chevrolet shared hood, doors, roof, and windows with Pontiac; the LaSalle of the 1930s, sold by Cadillac, used the cheaper mechanical parts made by the Oldsmobile division. 2000 Ford Taurus. ...
2000 Ford Taurus. ...
The Ford Taurus (from Latin bull) is a midsize car sold by the Ford Motor Company in North America. ...
Cover of Time Magazine (December 27, 1926) Alfred Pritchard Sloan, Jr. ...
Chevrolet, often nicknamed Chevy, is a brand of automobile, now part of General Motors. ...
Pontiac is a marque of automobile produced by General Motors and sold in the United States, Canada and Mexico from 1926 to the present. ...
Cadillac is a brand of luxury automobile, part of the General Motors corporation, produced and mostly sold in the United States; outside of North America, they have been less successful. ...
Alternative fuels and batteries - Main articles: Alternative fuel cars, and [[{{{2}}}]], and [[{{{3}}}]], and [[{{{4}}}]], and [[{{{5}}}]]
With heavy taxes on fuel, particularly in Europe and tightening environmental laws, particularly in California, and the possibility of further restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions, work on alternative power systems for vehicles continues. Alternative fuel cars refers to cars run on Alternative fuel; any method of powering an engine that does not involve petroleum. ...
A tax is a compulsory charge or other levy imposed on an individual or a legal entity by a state or a functional equivalent of a state (e. ...
Europe is conventionally considered one of the seven continents which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiogeographic one. ...
Law (a loanword from Old Norse lagu), in politics and jurisprudence, is a set of rules or norms of conduct which mandate, proscribe or permit specified relationships among people and organizations, intended to provide methods for ensuring the impartial treatment of such people, and provide punishments of/for those who...
Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area - Total - Width - Length - % water - Latitude - Longitude Ranked 3rd 410,000 km² 402. ...
Top: Increasing atmospheric CO2 levels as measured in the atmosphere and ice cores. ...
Diesel-powered cars can run with little or no modification on 100% pure biodiesel, a fuel that can be made from vegetable oils. Many cars that currently use gasoline can run on ethanol, a fuel made from plant sugars. Most cars that are designed to run on gasoline are capable of running with 15% ethanol mixed in, and with a small amount of redesign, gasoline-powered vehicles can run on ethanol concentrations as high as 85%. All petrol fuelled cars can run on LPG. There has been some concern that the ethanol-gasoline mixtures prematurely wear down seals and gaskets. Further, the use of higher levels of alcohol requires that the automobile carry/use twice as much. Therefore, if your vehicle is capable of 300 miles on a 15-gallon tank, the efficiency is reduced to approximately 150 miles. Of course, certain measures are available to increase this efficiency, such as different camshaft configurations, altering the timing/spark output of the ignition, or simply, using a larger fuel tank. Diesel or Diesel fuel is a specific fractional distillate of fuel oil (mostly petroleum) that is used as fuel in a diesel engine invented by German engineer Rudolf Diesel. ...
Biodiesel sample Biodiesel is fuel made from renewable materials such as vegetable oils or animal fats. ...
Vegetable oil or vegoil is fat extracted from plant sources, known as oil plants. ...
Liquified petroleum gas (also called liquefied petroleum gas, liquid petroleum gas, LPG, LP Gas, or autogas) is a mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as a fuel in heating appliances and vehicles, and increasingly replacing fluorocarbons as an aerosol propellant and a refrigerant to reduce damage to the ozone layer. ...
In the United States, alcohol fuel was produced in corn-alcohol stills until Prohibition criminalized the production of alcohol in 1919. Brazil is the only country which produces ethanol-running cars, since the late 1970s. The term still is a contraction of the verb to distill. A still is an apparatus used to distill miscible or immiscible (eg. ...
Prohibition agents destroying barrels of alcohol. ...
Attempts at building viable battery-powered electric vehicles continued throughout the 1990s (notably General Motors with the EV1), but cost, speed and inadequate driving range made them uneconomical. Battery powered cars have used lead-acid batteries which are greatly damaged in their recharge capacity if discharged beyond 75% on a regular basis and NiMH batteries. Four double-A (AA) rechargeable batteries In science and technology, a battery is a device that stores energy and makes it available in an electrical form. ...
You may be looking for the arena found in Vancouver, see GM place General Motors Corporation NYSE: GM, also known as GM, is a United States-based automobile maker with worldwide operations and brands including Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, Hummer, Opel, Pontiac, Saturn, Saab and Vauxhall. ...
The EV1 was the first electric car produced by General Motors in the United States. ...
Lead-acid batteries are the most commonly used rechargeable batteries today. ...
Modern, high capacity NiMH rechargeable batteries A nickel metal hydride (or NiMH) battery is a type of rechargeable battery similar to a nickel-cadmium (NiCad) battery but which does not contain expensive (and environmentally risky) cadmium. ...
Current research and development is centered on "hybrid" vehicles that use both electric power and internal combustion. The first hybrid vehicle available for sale in the USA was the Honda Insight. As of 2005, The car is still in production and achieves around 60 mpg. A hybrid car or hybrid electric vehicle is a vehicle which relies not only on batteries but also on an internal combustion engine which drives a generator to provide the electricity and may also drive the wheels directly. ...
The Honda Insight is a 2-seater hatchback hybrid automobile manufactured by Honda. ...
Other R&D efforts in alternative forms of power focus on developing fuel cells, alternative forms of combustion such as GDI and HCCI, and even the stored energy of compressed air (see water Engine). A fuel cell is an electrochemical device similar to a battery, but differing from the latter in that it is designed for continuous replenishment of the reactants consumed; i. ...
Gasoline direct injection or GDI is a variant of fuel injection employed in modern four stroke petrol engines. ...
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition, or HCCI, is a form of internal combustion in which well mixed fuel and oxidizer (typically air) are compressed to the point of auto-ignition. ...
Safety Automobiles were a significant improvement in safety on a per passenger mile basis, over the horse based travel that they replaced. Millions have been able to reach medical care much more quickly when transported by ambulance. An ambulance is a vehicle designated for the transport of sick or injured people. ...
Accidents seem as old as automobile vehicles themselves. Joseph Cugnot crashed his steam-powered "Fardier" against a wall in 1770. The first recorded automobile fatality was Bridget Driscoll on 1896-08-17 in London and the first in the United States was Henry Bliss on 1899-09-13 in New York City. A car accident in Yate, near Bristol, England, in July 2004. ...
Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot (25 September 1725 - 2 October 1804) was a French inventor who built what may have been the worlds first self-propelled mechanical vehicle or automobile. ...
On August 17, 1896, in London, Bridget Driscoll, age 44, became the worlds first person to be killed in a car accident. ...
1896 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...
August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England. ...
Henry Bliss in 1873 While Bridget Driscoll was the first person killed by an automobile in the world, Henry Hale Bliss (1831? to September 13, 1899) is the first person killed in a car accident in the United States. ...
1899 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...
September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ...
The Empire State Building (right) and the Chrysler Building (left) are easily recognized symbols of New York City to the world. ...
Cars have two basic safety problems: They have human drivers who make mistakes, and the wheels lose traction near a half gravity of deceleration. Automated control has been seriously proposed and successfully prototyped. Shoulder-belted passengers could tolerate a 32G emergency stop (reducing the safe intervehicle gap 64-fold) if high-speed roads incorporated a steel rail for emergency braking. Both safety modifications of the roadway are thought to be too expensive by most funding authorities, although these modifications could dramatically increase the number of vehicles that could safely use a high-speed highway. An automated highway system (AHS) or Smart Roads, is an advanced Intelligent transportation system technology designed to provide for driverless cars on specific rights-of-way. ...
g (also gee, g-force or g-load) is a non-SI unit of acceleration defined as exactly 9. ...
Early safety research focused on increasing the reliability of brakes and reducing the flammability of fuel systems. For example, modern engine compartments are open at the bottom so that fuel vapors, which are heavier than air, vent to the open air. Brakes are hydraulic so that failures are slow leaks, rather than abrupt cable breaks. Systematic research on crash safety started in 1958 at Ford Motor Company. Since then, most research has focused on absorbing external crash energy with crushable panels and reducing the motion of human bodies in the passenger compartment. The Ford Motor Company (often referred to simply as Ford or Fords; sometimes nicknamed FoMoCo), NYSE: F is an automobile maker founded by Henry Ford in Dearborn, Michigan, United States (where the company is currently headquartered), and incorporated on June 16, 1903. ...
There are standard tests for safety in new automobiles, like the EuroNCAP and the US NCAP tests. There are also tests run by organizations such as IIHS and backed by the insurance industry. EuroNCAP, the European New Car Assessment Programme, is a safety assessment programme for automobiles supported by several European governments, many major manufacturers and motoring organisations across the world. ...
Despite technological advances, there is still significant loss of life from car accidents: About 40,000 people die every year in the U.S., with similar trends in Europe. This figure increases annually in step with rising population and increasing travel, but the rate per capita and per mile travelled decreases steadily. The death toll is expected to nearly double worldwide by 2020. A much higher number of accidents result in injury or permanent disability. For other uses, see United States (disambiguation) and US (disambiguation). ...
Europe is conventionally considered one of the seven continents which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiogeographic one. ...
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The term disability, as it is applied to humans, refers to any condition that impedes the completion of daily tasks using traditional methods. ...
Future of the car In order to limit deaths, there has been a push for self-driving automobiles. Much of the drive for computer-driven vehicles has been led by DARPA with their Grand Challenge race. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of new technology for use by the military. ...
See also Over the course of the 20th century, the automobile rapidly developed from an expensive technological wonder into the de facto standard for passanger transport. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with List of cars. ...
This is a list of recent automobile models by type. ...
// Production Figures for 1899-1900 Columbia - 1500 Locomobile - 750 Winton - 100 Packard - 49 Stanley automobile - 30 Stearns - 20 Knox - 15 Oldsmobile - 11 Production Figures for 1901 Locomobile - 1500 Winton - 700 Oldsmobile - 425 White - 193 Autocar - 140 Knox - 100 Packard - 81 Stanley automobile - 80 Production Figures for 1902 Locomobile - 2750 Oldsmobile...
A car dealership is a business that sells new cars, used cars or both. ...
Car handling and vehicle handling is a description of the way wheeled vehicles perform transverse to their direction of motion, particularly during cornering and swerving. ...
Car safety is the avoidance of car accidents or the minimization of harmful effects of accidents, in particular as pertaining to human life and health. ...
Exhibit featuring the book at Ford Museum, Detroit Unsafe at Any Speed: The Designed-In Dangers of the American Automobile by Ralph Nader, published in 1965, is a book detailing his claims of resistance by car manufacturers to the introduction of safety features, like seat belts, and their general reluctance...
Ralph Nader Ralph Nader (born February 27, 1934) is an American activist lawyer who opposes the power of large corporations and has worked for decades on environmental, consumer rights, and pro-democracy issues. ...
Hybrid III is the de facto standard crash test dummy. ...
This page is a candidate to be copied to Wikibooks. ...
This page lists superlatives of the automobile industry - that is, the smallest, largest, fastest, lightest, best-selling, and other such topics. ...
Here is a structured list of automobiles: // Military List of vehicle models used in the military List of M series military vehicles Slangs List of slang terms for automobiles List of slang terms for police vehicles Uncategorized List of automobile manufacturers List of automobile model and marque oddities List of...
An automotive package is a collection of cosmetic or functional additions to a vehicle that are marketed and sold as a group. ...
A car accident in Yate, near Bristol, England, in July 2004. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Hybrid vehicle. ...
Major possible subsystems An engine is something that produces some effect from a given input. ...
The carburetor (American spelling, carburettor or carburetter in Commonwealth countries, carb for short, or carbie (slang)) is a device which mixes air and fuel for an internal-combustion engine. ...
Fuel Injection is a method or system for metering fuel into an internal combustion engine. ...
A fuel pump is an essential component on a car or other internal combustion engined device. ...
Engine configuration is an engineering term for the layout of the major components of an internal combustion engine. ...
Wankel Engine in Deutsches Museum Munich, Germany The Wankel rotary engine is a type of internal combustion engine, invented by German engineer Felix Wankel, which uses a rotor instead of reciprocating pistons. ...
Components of a typical, four stroke cycle, DOHC piston engine. ...
A V engine is a common configuration for an internal combustion engine in which the pistons are aligned so that, if viewed along the line of the crankshaft, they appear to be in a V. Usually, two opposing pistons share one crank on the crankshaft. ...
An inline engine is an internal-combustion engine with cylinders aligned in one or several rows. ...
A flat engine is an internal combustion engine in which the cylinders are arranged in two banks on either side of a single crankshaft so that the motion of all the pistons is in a single plane. ...
In automotive electronics, an electronic control unit (ECU) is an embedded microcomputer that controls one or more of the electrical subsystems in a vehicle. ...
An exhaust pipe is usually a pipe used to guide waste exhaust gases away from a controlled combustion inside an engine or stove. ...
The ignition system of an internal-combustion engine is an important part of the overall engine system. ...
Image:Turbo starter. ...
Automobile emissions control covers all the technologies that are employed to reduce the air pollution-causing emissions produced by automobiles. ...
Turbocharger cutaway A turbocharger is an exhaust gas driven compressor used in internal-combustion engines to increase the power output of the engine by increasing the mass of oxygen entering the engine. ...
A supercharger (also known as a blower, a positive displacement pump or a centrifugal pumper) is a gas compressor used to pump air into the cylinders of an internal combustion engine. ...
In Automobile design, an FF, or Front-engine, Front wheel drive, layout places both the engine and drive wheels at the front of the vehicle. ...
In Automobile design, an RR, or Rear-engine, Rear wheel drive, layout places both the engine and drive wheels at the rear of the vehicle. ...
In Automobile design, an MR or Mid-engine, Rear wheel drive layout drives the rear wheels with an engine placed just in front of them, behind the passenger compartment. ...
Several different methods of automobile ancillary power exist. ...
Drivetrain is the twelfth studio album by southern rock band . ...
In mechanics, a transmission is the gear and/or hydraulic system that transmits mechanical power from a prime mover (which can be an engine or electric motor), to some form of useful output device. ...
A gearbox is an assembly of gears allowing the rotational speed of an input shaft to be changed to a different speed. ...
This is an article about manual transmission in general; for guidance on how to drive with a manual transmission, see Manual transmission driving technique. ...
Semi-automatic transmission, or clutchless manual transmission, is a system which uses electronic sensors, processors and actuators to do gear shifts on the command of the driver. ...
An automatic transmission is an automobile gearbox that can change gear ratios automatically as the car moves, thus freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually. ...
In automobile design, an FF, or Front-engine, Front wheel drive, layout places both the engine and driven wheels at the front of the vehicle. ...
In Automobile design, an FR, or Front-engine, Rear wheel drive, layout places the engine in the front of the vehicle and drive wheels at the rear. ...
In Automobile design, an MR or Mid-engine, Rear wheel drive layout is one in which the rear wheels are driven by an engine placed just in front of them, behind the passenger compartment. ...
In Automobile design, an RR, or Rear-engine, Rear wheel drive, layout places both the engine and drive wheels at the rear of the vehicle. ...
A two-wheel drive configuration has only two wheels-- either the front two or the back two-- providing propulsion. ...
Four wheel drive or 4x4, is a type of four wheeled vehicle drivetrain configuration that enables all four wheels to receive power from the engine simultaneously in order to provide maximum traction. ...
Front wheel drive is the most common form of engine/transmission layout used in modern passenger cars, where the engine drives the front wheels. ...
Rear wheel drive was a common form of engine/transmission layout used in automobiles throughout the 20th century. ...
Four wheel drive or 4x4, is a type of four wheeled vehicle drivetrain configuration that enables all four wheels to receive power from the engine simultaneously in order to provide maximum traction. ...
In this differential, input torque is applied to the ring gear (blue). ...
A Limited Slip Differential (LSD) (sometimes called positraction) is a modified or derived type of differential gear arrangement that allows for some difference in rotational velocity of the output shafts, but does not allow the difference in speed to increase beyond a preset amount. ...
A locking differential or locker is a modified type of automotive differential. ...
An axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. ...
Solid axle and Panhard rod on a 2002 Mazda MPV A live-axle (also called solid-axle, beam, or dead-axle) suspension is an automobile suspension that uses a single-piece axle to connect the front or rear wheels, side-to-side. ...
A brake is a device for slowing or stopping the motion of a machine, and to keep it from starting to move. ...
Close-up of a disc brake on a car On automobiles, disc brakes are often located within the wheel The disc brake is a device for slowing or stopping the rotation of a wheel. ...
A drum brake is a brake in which the friction is caused by a set of shoes or pads that press against the inner surface of a rotating drum. ...
An anti-lock braking system (commonly known as ABS, from the German name Antiblockiersystem given to it by its inventors at Bosch) is a system on motor vehicles which prevents the wheels from locking while braking. ...
A driving wheel on a steam locomotive. ...
Firestone tire A tire (U.S. spelling) or tyre (UK spelling) is a roughly toroidal piece of material placed on the circumference of a wheel, either for the purpose of cushioning or to protect the wheel from wear and tear. ...
The term Custom wheel is used refer to the wheels of a vehicle which have either been modified from the vehicle manufacturers standard, or have replaced the manufacturers standard. ...
Steering is the term applied to the collection of components, linkages, etc. ...
A rack and pinion is a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion. ...
Ackermann steering geometry is a geometric arrangement of linkages in the steering of a car or other vehicle designed to solve the problem of wheels on the inside and outside of a turn needing to trace out circles of different radii. ...
For the fictional weapon called a Caster, please see Spellgun Caster angle is the angular displacement from the vertical axis of the suspension of a steered wheel in a car or other vehicle, measured in the longitudinal direction. ...
A wheel with a negative camber angle Camber angle is the angle made by the wheel of an automobile; specifically, it is the angle between the vertical axis of the wheel and the vertical axis of the vehicle when viewed from the front or rear. ...
Look up Kingpin in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Categories: Automobile stubs | Automotive steering technologies ...
The front suspension components of a Ford Model T. Suspension is the term given to the system of springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels. ...
A simple MacPherson strut suspension on the left front wheel of a rear-wheel drive vehicle. ...
A double wishbone suspension is an automobile independent suspension design using two parallel wishbone-shaped arms to locate the wheel. ...
A double wishbone suspension is an automobile independent suspension design using two parallel wishbone-shaped arms to locate the wheel. ...
A multi-link suspension is a type of vehicle suspension design typically used in independent suspensions, using 3 or more lateral arms, and one or more longitudinal arms. ...
Torsion beam suspension, also known as a torsion bar or torsion spring suspension, is a vehicle suspension system. ...
A trailing-arm suspension is an automobile suspension design in which one or more arms (or links) are connected between (and perpendicular to) the axle and the chassis. ...
An axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. ...
The crumple zones of an automobile are a structural feature designed to compress during an accident to absorb energy from an impact. ...
Monocoque (French for single shell) or unibody is a construction technique that uses the external skin of an object to support some or most of the load on the structure. ...
Rear suicide door on a 1967 Thunderbird suicide doors in a 1952 Saab 92B Suicide doors are automobile doors that are hinged on the edges closer to the back of the vehicle. ...
A spoiler is an aerodynamic device attached to an automobile to decrease lift, decrease drag, or increase the amount of force pushing the vehicles tires to the road surface (also called downforce). ...
Car safety is the avoidance of car accidents or the minimization of harmful effects of accidents, in particular as pertaining to human life and health. ...
A three-point seat belt. ...
An automobile airbag, like this one in a crashed SEAT Ibiza car, deflates after 0. ...
A child safety lock is a special-purpose device for locking cabinets, drawers, bottles, etc. ...
A dashboard from a 1940s car The dashboard of a modern car, a Bentley Continental GT A dashboard or dash board in an automobile is a panel located under the windscreen and containing indicators and dials such as the tachometer/speedometer and odometer. ...
Shifter has multiple meanings: In science fiction, fantasy fiction and roleplaying games, it is often used as a short form of shapeshifter. ...
Most people use the term car audio to describe the sound system in an automobile, though the term also refers more broadly to the field of mobile entertainment and is becoming a sport at large. ...
Note: in the broadest sense, air conditioning can refer to any form of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning. ...
Cruise control (also known as speed control) is a system to automatically control the speed of an automobile. ...
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Over fifty GPS satellites such as this NAVSTAR have been launched since 1978. ...
Power windows or electric windows are windows which can be raised and lowered by depressing a button or switch of some sort, as opposed to using a hand-turned crank. ...
The windshield or windscreen of an aircraft, automobile, or motorcycle, is the front window. ...
Daytime Running Lights (DRL, also Daylight Running Lamps) are lights on the front of roadgoing motor vehicles, automatically switched on when the vehicle is moving forward, and intended to increase the conspicuity of the vehicle during daylight conditions. ...
External links Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Wiktionary logo Wiktionary is a sister project to Wikipedia intended to be a free wiki dictionary (including thesaurus and lexicon) in every language. ...
Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...
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