NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Aceh Province

Aceh (IPA pronunciation: [ʔaˈtɕɛh], pronounced approximately Ah-Cèh, but with [e], not [ei] at the end) is a special territory (daerah istimewa) of Indonesia, located on the northern tip of the island of Sumatra. Its full name is Nanggröe Aceh Darussalam. Past spellings of its name include Acheh, Atjeh and Achin. Image File history File links Logo_Nad. ... A motto is a phrase or a short list of words meant formally to describe the general motivation or intention of an entity, social group, or organization. ... Image File history File links Aceh-Karte. ... In politics, a capital (also called capital city or political capital â€” although the latter phrase has a second meaning based on an alternative sense of capital) is the principal city or town associated with a countrys government. ... Location of Banda Aceh Banda Aceh is the provincial capital and largest city of Aceh, Indonesia, located on the island of Sumatra at , with an elevation of 21 m. ... Are you kidding?, this is solid truth here, nothing escapes the eyes of Gov!!!, not even. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... The Achinese (also Acehnese) a people in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam in Indonesia. ... Malays (Dutch, MaleiÃ«rs, ultimately from Malay: Melayu) are a diverse group of Austronesian peoples inhabiting the Malay archipelago and Malay peninsula in Southeast Asia. ... Javanese is a term used to describe a native of the Indonesian island of Java. ... Batak is a collective term used to identify a number of ethnic groups found in the highlands of North Sumatra Indonesia. ... Islam (Arabic: ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the Quran, its principal scripture, whose followers, known as Muslims (Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…), believe God (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ ) sent through revelations to Muhammad. ... Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on Jesus of Nazareth, and on his life and teachings as presented in the New Testament. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A replica of an ancient statue of Gautama Buddha, found in Sarnath, near Varanasi. ... Acehnese (also Achinese, Achehnese) or Aceh (formerly Atjeh) is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia. ... In Indonesia, the keeping of standard time is divided into three time zones: Indonesian Western Standard Time (Indonesian: Waktu Indonesia Barat/WIB) (UTC+7) WIB is observed in islands of Sumatra, Java, provinces of West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan Indonesian Central Standard Time (Waktu Indonesia Tengah/WITA) (UTC+8) WITA... In Indonesia, the keeping of standard time is divided into three time zones: Indonesian Western Standard Time (Indonesian: Waktu Indonesia Barat/WIB) (UTC+7) WIB is observed in islands of Sumatra, Java, provinces of West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan Indonesian Central Standard Time (Waktu Indonesia Tengah/WITA) (UTC+8) WITA... UTC+7 is used in: Laos Thailand Cambodia Vietnam External links Find cities currently in UTC+7 Category: ... For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words see here. ... The province (Indonesian: provinsi) is the highest tier of local government subnational entity in Indonesia. ... Sumatra (also spelled Sumatera) is the sixth largest island of the world (approximately 470,000 kmÂ²) and is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two larger islands, Borneo and New Guinea, are partially in Indonesia). ...

In the past, Aceh was known for its political independence and fierce resistance to control by outsiders, including the former Dutch colonists and the Indonesian government. Aceh has substantial natural resources, including oil and gas - some estimates put Aceh gas reserves as being the largest in the world. Relative to most of Indonesia, it is a religiously conservative area. Pumpjack pumping an oil well near Sarnia, Ontario Ignacy Åukasiewicz - inventor of the refining of kerosene from crude oil. ... LPG might be an initialism or abbreviation for: Liquified petroleum gas Laboratoire de Planetologie, Grenoble, France Literary Press Group of Canada Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsgenossenschaft (German, obsolete/historical) Long period grating This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation page â€” a navigational aid which lists other pages that... Religious is a term with both a technical definition and folk use. ... This article deals with conservatism as a political philosophy. ...

Aceh was the closest point of land to the epicenter of the massive 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, which triggered a tsunami that devastated much of the western coast of the region, including part of the capital of Banda Aceh. From 130,000 - 238,000 persons were dead or missing, with a further 500,000 plus being made homeless. This led to a peace agreement between the government of Indonesia and Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM), or Free Aceh Movement, mediated by former Finnish president Martti Ahtisaari, with the signing of a MoU on August 15, 2005. As of June 2006, the peace has held. The epicenter is directly above the earthquakes focus. ... Because Allah brourt this apon us The tsunami caused by the December 26, 2004 earthquake strikes Ao Nang, Thailand. ... The tsunami that struck MalÃ© in the Maldives on December 26, 2004. ... Location of Banda Aceh Banda Aceh is the provincial capital and largest city of Aceh, Indonesia, located on the island of Sumatra at , with an elevation of 21 m. ... A peace treaty is an agreement between two hostile parties, usually countries or governments, that formally ends a war or armed conflict. ... ASNLF Flag The Free Aceh Movement (Indonesian: Gerakan Aceh Merdeka or simply GAM), also known as the Aceh Sumatra National Liberation Front (ASNLF), is an armed separatist group seeking independence for the Aceh region on Sumatra from Indonesia. ... Martti Oiva Kalevi Ahtisaari (IPA: ) (born June 23, 1937) is a former President of Finland (1994â€“2000) and a UN diplomat and mediator, noted for his international peace work. ... A memorandum of understanding (MOU) is a legal document describing an agreement between parties. ... August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

History

Islam first entered Southeast Asia through Aceh in the 8th century. The first Islamic Kingdom of Peureulak was established around 850 AD in what is today East Aceh District with Banda Khalifah as its capital. Then follows Samudra Pasai (from which the name Sumatara derives) in what is today North Aceh district, which was recorded by Marco Polo and Ibn Batutah during the reign of Sultan Malik uz Zahir. Islam (Arabic: ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the Quran, its principal scripture, whose followers, known as Muslims (Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…), believe God (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ ) sent through revelations to Muhammad. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... (7th century — 8th century — 9th century — other centuries) Events The Iberian peninsula is taken by Arab and Berber Muslims, thus ending the Visigothic rule, and starting almost 8 centuries of Muslim presence there. ... Events April 20 - Guntherus becomes Bishop of Cologne. ... In politics, a capital (also called capital city or political capital â€” although the latter phrase has a second meaning based on an alternative sense of capital) is the principal city or town associated with a countrys government. ... Marco Polo (September 15, 1254 â€“ January 8, 1324) was a Venetian trader and explorer (presumably of noble origins from Sebenico and Curzola in Dalmatia) who, together with his father NiccolÃ² and his uncle Maffeo, was one of the first Westerners to travel the Silk Road to China (which he called... Ibn Battuta (1304â€“1377). ...

The Kingdom of Aceh was established initially as a small Islamic kingdom in what is today Banda Aceh during the 12th century AD. During its golden era, its territory and political influence expanded as far as Satun in southern Thailand, Johor in Malay Peninsula, and Siak in what is today Riau Province. From the beginning of the 16th century, the Sultanate of Aceh was involved in an almost continuous power struggle first with Portugal, then, from the 18th century, against British and Dutch colonial interests. At the end of the 18th century, Aceh had to give up its traditional territory of Kedah and Pinang on the Malay Peninsula to the British. Islam (Arabic: ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the Quran, its principal scripture, whose followers, known as Muslims (Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…), believe God (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ ) sent through revelations to Muhammad. ... Location of Banda Aceh Banda Aceh is the provincial capital and largest city of Aceh, Indonesia, located on the island of Sumatra at , with an elevation of 21 m. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... State Motto: Kepada Allah berserah (English: all hopes is to God (Allah) Capital Johor Bahru Royal Capital Pasir Pelangi Sultan Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj Chief minister Dato Abdul Ghani Othman Area 19,984 kmÂ² Population 3. ... The Malay Peninsula (Malay: Semenanjung Tanah Melayu) is a major peninsula located in Southeast Asia. ... ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... Aceh was a sultanate in the region of what is today Aceh Province of Indonesia. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... State motto: no State motto Capital Alor Star Royal Capital Anak Bukit Sultan Tuanku Abdul Halim Muadzam Shah Chief Minister Dato Hj Mahdzir Bin Khalid Area 9,426 km2 Population - Est year 2003 1 778 188 State anthem Allah Selamatkan Sultan Mahkota Kedah (Jawi:Ù‚Ø¯Ø, pop. ...

By the early nineteenth century, however, Aceh had become an increasingly influential power due to its strategic location for controlling regional trade. In the 1820s it was the producer of over half the world's supply of black pepper. The pepper trade produced new wealth for the sultanate, but also for the rulers of many smaller nearby ports that had been under Aceh's control, but were now able to assert more independence. These changes initially threatened Aceh's integrity, but a new sultan Tuanku Ibrahim, who controlled the kingdom from 1838 to 1870, aggressively, and successfully, reasserted power over nearby ports.^[1] 1820 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Binomial name Piper nigrum L. Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. ... | JÃ¶ns Jakob Berzelius, discoverer of protein 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...

Under the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 the British ceded their colonial possessions on Sumatra to the Dutch. In the treaty, the British described Aceh as one of their possessions, although they had no actual control over the sultanate. Initially, under the agreement the Dutch agreed to respect Aceh's independence. In 1871, however, the British dropped previous opposition to a Dutch invasion of Aceh, possibly to prevent France or the United States from gaining a foothold in the region. Although neither the Dutch nor the British knew the specifics, there had been rumors since the 1850s that Aceh had been in communication with rulers of France and of the Ottoman Empire.^[1] The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824, also known as the Treaty of London (one of several), was a treaty signed between the United Kingdom and the United Kingdom of the Netherlands in London on March 17, 1824. ... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) Ø¯ÙˆÙ„Øª Ø§Ø¨Ø¯ Ù…Ø¯Øª Devlet-i Ebed-mÃ¼ddet (The Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power (1683) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital SÃ¶ÄŸÃ¼t (1299-1326), Bursa (1326-1365), Edirne (1365-1453), Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah...

The Aceh War

The Dutch colonial government declared war on Aceh on 26 March 1873; the apparent immediate trigger for their invasion was discussions between representatives of Aceh and the United States in Singapore during early 1873.^[1] An expedition under Major General Köhler was sent out in 1874, which was able to occupy most of the coastal areas. It was the intention of the Dutch to attack and take the Sultan's palace, which would also lead to the occupation of the entire country. The Sultan requested and possibly received military aid from Italy and the United Kingdom in Singapore: in any case the Aceh army was rapidly modernized, and Aceh soldiers managed to kill Köhler (a monument of this achievement has been built inside Grand Mosque of Banda Aceh). Köhler made some grave tactical errors and the reputation of the Dutch was severely harmed. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs a declaration of war against the Empire of Japan on December 8, 1941, one day after the attack on Pearl Harbor. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (86th in leap years). ... 1873 (MDCCCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1873 (MDCCCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

A second expedition led by General Van Swieten managed to capture the kraton (sultan's palace): the Sultan had however been warned, and had escaped capture. Intermittent guerrilla warfare continued in the region for ten years, with many victims on both sides. Around 1880 the Dutch strategy changed, and rather than continuing the war, they now concentrated on defending areas they already controlled, which were mostly limited to the capital city (modern Banda Aceh), and the harbour town of Ulee Lheue. On 13 October 1880 the colonial government declared the war as over, but continued spending heavily to maintain control over the areas it occupied. Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The quintessential medieval European palace: Palais de la CitÃ©, in Paris, the royal palace of France. ... Distinguish from the type of ape called a gorilla. ... 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Location of Banda Aceh Banda Aceh is the provincial capital and largest city of Aceh, Indonesia, located on the island of Sumatra at , with an elevation of 21 m. ... A harbor (or harbour) or haven is a place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored. ... October 13 is the 286th day of the year (287th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

War began again in 1883, when the British ship Nisero was stranded in Aceh, in an area where the Dutch had little influence. A local leader asked for ransom from both the Dutch and the British, and under British pressure the Dutch were forced to attempt to liberate the sailors. After a failed Dutch attempt to rescue the hostages, where the local leader Teuku Umar was asked for help but he refused, the Dutch together with the British invaded the territory. The Sultan gave up the hostages, and received a large amount in cash in exchange. 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The term ransom refers to the practice of holding a prisoner to extort money or property extorted to secure their release, or to the sum of money involved. ... A hostage is a person (sometimes another entity) which is held by a captor (often a criminal abductor) in order to compel another party (relative, employer, government. ... Teuku Umar (Meulaboh, 1854 - Meulaboh, on February 11, 1899) is a Gelar Pahlawan Nasional Indonesia (National Hero of Indonesia). ...

The Dutch Minister of Warfare Weitzel now again declared open war on Aceh, and warfare continued, with little success, as before. The Dutch now also tried to enlist local leaders: the aforementioned Umar was bought with cash, opium, and weapons. Umar received the title panglima prang besar (upper warlord of the government). Opium, or opÃ¯um is a narcotic analgesic drug which is obtained from the unripe seed pods of the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L. or the synonym paeoniflorum). ... Warlord is a term that refers to one who has de facto military control of a subnational area, due to armed forces which are personally obedient to â€” somewhat circularly â€” that warlord. ...

Umar called himself rather Teuku Djohan Pahlawan (Johan the heroic). On 1 January 1894 Umar even received Dutch aid to build an army. However, two years later Umar attacked the Dutch with his new army, rather than aiding the Dutch in subjugating inner Aceh. This is recorded in Dutch history as "Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar" (the treason of Teuku Umar). January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1894 (MDCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Treason (disambiguation). ...

In 1892 and 1893 Aceh remained independent, despite the Dutch efforts. Major J.B. van Heutsz, a colonial military leader, then wrote a series of articles on Aceh. He was supported by Dr Snouck Hurgronje of the University of Leiden, then the leading Dutch expert on Islam. Hurgronje managed to get the confidence of many Aceh leaders and gathered valuable intelligence for the Dutch government. His works remained an official secret for many years. In Hurgronje's analysis of Acehnese society, he minimised the role of the Sultan and argued that attention should be paid to the hereditary chiefs, the Ulee Balang, who he felt could be trusted as local administrators. However, he argued, Aceh's religious leaders, the ulema, could not be trusted or persuaded to cooperate, and must be destroyed. 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1893 (MDCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... J.B. (Joannes Benedictus) van Heutsz (1851-1924), was appointed governor general of the Dutch East Indies in 1904. ... Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1857-1936) was a Dutch scholar of Oriental cultures and languages and Advisor on Native Affairs to the colonial government of the Netherlands East Indies. ... Leiden University in the city of Leiden, is the oldest university in the Netherlands. ... Intelligence (abbreviated or ) is the process and the result of gathering information and analyzing it to answer questions or obtain advance warnings needed to plan for the future. ... Ulema (, translit: , singular: , translit: , scholar) refers to the educated class of Muslim scholars engaged in the several fields of Islamic studies. ...

This advice was followed: in 1898 Van Heutsz was proclaimed governor of Aceh, and with his lieutenant, later Dutch Prime Minister Hendrikus Colijn, would finally conquer most of Aceh. They followed Hurgronje's suggestions, finding cooperative uleebelang that would support them in the countryside. Van Heutsz charged Colonel Van Daalen with breaking remaining resistance. Van Daalen destroyed several villages, killing at least 2,900 Acehnese, among which were 1,150 women and children. Dutch losses numbered just 26, and Van Daalen was promoted. By 1904 most of Aceh was under Dutch control, and had an indigenous government that cooperated with the colonial state. Estimated total casualties on the Aceh side range from 50,000 to 100,000 dead, and over a million wounded. 1898 (MDCCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Are you kidding?, this is solid truth here, nothing escapes the eyes of Gov!!!, not even. ... The Prime Minister of the Netherlands (Minister-President in Dutch) is the chairman of the council of ministers and active executive authority of the Dutch government. ... Hendrikus Colijn (1869â€“1944), was a successful Dutch soldier, businessman and politician. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Colonial influence in the remote highland areas was never substantial, however, and limited guerrilla resistance remained. Led mostly by the religious ulema, intermittent fighting continued until about 1910, and parts of the province were still not pacified when the Dutch Indies became independent Indonesia following the end of the Japanese occupation of Indonesia. The Highland unitary authority area (Roinn na GÃ idhealtachd in Gaelic) is a local government area in the Scottish Highlands and the largest local government area in Scotland. ... Distinguish from the type of ape called a gorilla. ... Ulema (, translit: , singular: , translit: , scholar) refers to the educated class of Muslim scholars engaged in the several fields of Islamic studies. ... 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ...

Independence

During the Indonesian National Revolution after World War II, when the Dutch military attempted to regain control of its former colony, Dutch forces did not attempt to invade Aceh.^[1] Upon independence, Aceh was amalgamated with nearby province of North Sumatera, leading to resentment from many Acehnese due to many ethnic-differences between themselves and the Batak people who dominate North Sumatera. From then until the Tsunami, there were periodic armed conflicts between the Indonesian military and local forces fighing for greater separation from the central government. Banda Acehs Grand Mosque was built around 12th century. ... Banda Acehs Grand Mosque was built around 12th century. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Aceh. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Aceh. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Nazi Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry Truman Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead... The Dutch East Indies, or Netherlands East Indies, (Dutch: Nederlands-IndiÃ«) was the name of the colonies set up by the Dutch East India Company, which came under administration of the Netherlands during the 19th century (see Indonesia). ... Because Allah brourt this apon us The tsunami caused by the December 26, 2004 earthquake strikes Ao Nang, Thailand. ... Indonesias armed forces (Indonesian: Tentara Nasional Indonesia, or TNI, formerly ABRI) total about 250,000 members, including the army, navy, marines, and air force. ...

In 1959 the Indonesian government yielded in part and gave Aceh a "special territory" (daerah istimewa) status, giving it a greater degree of autonomy from the central government in Jakarta than most other regions of Indonesia have. For example, the regional government is empowered to construct a legal system independent of the national government. In 2003, a form of sharia, or Islamic law, was formally introduced in Aceh. [1] 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sharia ( translit: ) refers to the body of Islamic law. ...

Tsunami disaster

The western coastal areas of Aceh, including the cities of Banda Aceh, Calang, and Meulaboh, were among the areas hardest-hit by the tsunami resulting from the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on December 26, 2004. While estimates vary, approximately 230,000 people were killed by the earthquake and tsunami in Aceh, and about 500,000 were left homeless. The tragedy of the tsunami was further compounded on March 26th when a second off-shore earthquake measuring 8.7 on the Richter scale struck the sea bed between the islands of Simeulue in Aceh and Nias in North Sumatra. This second quake killed a further 905 people on Nias and Simeulue, displaced tens of thousands more and caused the tsunami response to be expanded to include Nias. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1400x1000, 299 KB)Caption: 050102-N-9593M-040 Indian Ocean (Jan. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1400x1000, 299 KB)Caption: 050102-N-9593M-040 Indian Ocean (Jan. ... Location of Banda Aceh Banda Aceh is the provincial capital and largest city of Aceh, Indonesia, located on the island of Sumatra at , with an elevation of 21 m. ... Categories: Indonesia geography stubs | Cities in Indonesia ... The tsunami that struck MalÃ© in the Maldives on December 26, 2004. ... Because Allah brourt this apon us The tsunami caused by the December 26, 2004 earthquake strikes Ao Nang, Thailand. ... December 26 is the 360th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, 361st in leap years. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The population of Aceh before Dec 2004 tsunami was 4.271 million (Data from KPU (General Election Committee) in 2004). The population now is 4,031,589 (As September 15, 2005), almost two percent of the Indonesian population. September 15 is the 258th day of the year (259th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

As of February 2006, more than a year after the tsunami, a large number of people are still living in barrack-style temporary living centers (TLC) or tents. Reconstruction is visible everywhere, but due to the sheer scale of the disaster, logistical issues, and the lack of funding, progress is slow. 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A tent is a shelter, consisting of sheets of fabric or other material draped over or attached to a frame of poles and/or ropes. ... // Reconstruction was a period in United States history, 1862â€“1877, that resolved the issues of the American Civil War when both the Confederacy and its system of slavery were destroyed. ...

The ramifications of the tsunami went beyond the immediate impact the lives and infrastructure of the Acehnese living on the coast. Since the disaster, the Acehnese rebel movement GAM, which had been fighting for independence against the Indonesian authorities for 29 years, has signed a peace deal (August 15th 2005). The perception that the tsunami was punishment for insufficient piety in this proudly Muslim province is partly behind the increased emphasis on the importance of religion post-tsunami. This has been most obvious in the increased implementation of Syariah law, including the introduction of the controversial 'WH' or Syariah police. As homes are being built and people's basic needs are met, the people are also looking to improve the quality of education, increase tourism, and develop responsible, sustainable industry. Well-qualified educators are in high demand in Aceh.

While parts of Banda Aceh, the capital, were unscathed, the areas closest to the water, especially the areas of Kampung Jawa and Meuraxa, were completely destroyed. Most of the rest of the western coast was severely damaged, and many towns completely disappeared. Other towns on Aceh's west coast hit by the disaster include Leupung, Lamno, Patek, Calang, Teunom, and the island of Simeulue. Affected or destroyed towns on the region's north & east coast include Pidie, Samalanga, and Lhokseumawe. Location of Banda Aceh Banda Aceh is the provincial capital and largest city of Aceh, Indonesia, located on the island of Sumatra at , with an elevation of 21 m. ... Leupung -- also spelled Leupueng, is a town in the district (Kabupaten/Kota) of Aceh Besar, close to the city of Banda Aceh, the capital of the special territory of Aceh, Indonesia, on the island of Sumatra. ... Antoni Patek Antoni Norbert Patek (Franch:Antoine Norbert de Patek) (1811-1877) Polish-Swiss pioneer in watchmaking and a creator of Patek Philippe & Co. ... Categories: Indonesia geography stubs ... Teunom, a town in the Aceh Barat (West Aceh) district of the special territory (daerah istimewa) of Aceh on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia, with a population of about 12,000, was reported to have vanished completely leaving only scattered shards of concrete as a result of the tsunami... Sumatra; Simeulue is near the left edge in the upper half Outline of Simeulue, with the epicenter of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake indicated The island and County of Simeulue lies in the Indian Ocean 150 km off the west coast of the province of Aceh on the island of...

The area is slowly being rebuilt after the disaster. The government initially proposed the creation of a two-kilometer buffer zone along low-lying coastal areas, within which permanent construction is not permitted. This proposal was unpopular among some local inhabitants and proved impractical in most situations, especially fishing families that are dependent on living near to the sea. A kilometer (Commonwealth spelling: kilometre), symbol: km is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1,000 metres (from the Greek words Ï‡Î¯Î»Î¹Î± (khilia) = thousand and Î¼ÎÏ„ÏÎ¿ (metro) = count/measure). ... A buffer zone is any area that serves the purpose of keeping two or more other areas distant from one another, for whatever reason. ... Fishing is the activity of hunting for fish. ... Sea as seen from jetty in Frankston, Australia Look up Sea in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Most of the reconstruction work is being performed by local people using a mix of traditional methods and partial prefabricated structures, with funding coming from many international organizations and individuals, governments, and the people themselves. // Reconstruction was a period in United States history, 1862â€“1877, that resolved the issues of the American Civil War when both the Confederacy and its system of slavery were destroyed. ...

Administration & Districts

Within the Republic of Indonesia, Aceh is governed not as a province but as a special territory (daerah istimewa), an administrative designation intended to give the area increased autonomy from the central government in Jakarta. Jakarta (also Djakarta or DKI Jakarta), formerly known as Sunda Kelapa, Jayakarta and Batavia is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. ...

The capital and largest city in Aceh is Banda Aceh, located on the coast near the northern tip of Sumatra. Other major cities include Sabang, Lhokseumawe, and Langsa. Administratively, the province is subdivided into seventeen regencies and four municipalities. Location of Banda Aceh Banda Aceh is the provincial capital and largest city of Aceh, Indonesia, located on the island of Sumatra at , with an elevation of 21 m. ... A regency (kabupaten) is a political subdivision of a province in Indonesia. ...

Some local areas are pushing to create new autonomous areas, usually with the stated goal of enhancing local control over politics and development.

Aceh is divided into the following districts: Aceh Barat, Aceh Barat Daya, Aceh Besar, Aceh Jaya, Aceh Selatan, Aceh Singkil, Aceh Tamiang, Aceh Tengah, Aceh Tenggara, Aceh Timur, Aceh Utara, Bener Meriah, Bireuen, Gayo Lues, Nagan Raya, Pidie, Simeulue, City Banda Aceh, City Langsa, City Lhokseumawe, City Sabang Aceh Barat, or West Barat, is a district of the special territory of Aceh on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. ... Aceh Besar is a district of the special territory of Aceh on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. ... Aceh Jaya is a district of the special territory of Aceh on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. ... Located on the Indonesian island of Sumatra, Bireuen is 105 miles east of the local capital, Banda Aceh. ... Sumatra; Simeulue is near the left edge in the upper half Outline of Simeulue, with the epicenter of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake indicated The island and County of Simeulue lies in the Indian Ocean 150 km off the west coast of the province of Aceh on the island of...

Ethnic and Cultural groups

Aceh is a diverse region occupied by several ethnic and language groups. The major ethnic groups are the Acehnese (who are distributed throughout Aceh), Gayo (in central and eastern part), Alas (in southeastern), Tamiang (in Aceh Tamiang), Aneuk Jamee (concentrated in southern and southwestern), Kluet (in South Aceh),and Simeulue (on Simeulue Island). There is also a significant population of Chinese, who are influential in the business and financial communities. The Achinese (also Acehnese) a people in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam in Indonesia. ... Sumatra; Simeulue is near the left edge in the upper half Outline of Simeulue, with the epicenter of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake indicated The island and County of Simeulue lies in the Indian Ocean 150 km off the west coast of the province of Aceh on the island of...

Aceh is also the center of Shi'a Islam in the country. Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ...

The Acehnese language (locally known as Bahasa Aceh) is widely spoken within the Acehnese population. This is a member of the Aceh-Chamic group of languages, whose other representatives are mostly found in Vietnam and Cambodia, and is also closely related to the Malay group of languages. Achenese has many words borrowed from Malay and Arabic and traditionally was written using Arabic script. Acehnese is also used as local language in Langkat and Asahan (North Sumatra), and Kedah (Malaysia), and once dominated Pulau Pinang. Alas and Kluet are closely related languages within the Batak group. The Jamee language originated from Minang language in West Sumatra, with just a few variation and differences. Acehnese (also Achinese, Achehnese) or Aceh (formerly Atjeh) is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia. ... // Headline text Bold text Not to be confused with the Malayalam language, spoken in India. ... Arabic can mean: From or related to Arabia From or related to the Arabs The Arabic language; see also Arabic grammar The Arabic alphabet, used for expressing the languages of Arabic, Persian, Malay ( Jawi), Kurdish, Panjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu, among others. ... Jawi may refer to: Jawi people Jawi language Jawi (script) Category: ... Map of North Sumatra province within Indonesia North Sumatra (Indonesian: Sumatera Utara) is one of the provinces of Indonesia. ... Batak designates two distinct peoples, one living in Indonesia, the other in the Philippines. ... The Minangkabau ethnic group (also known as Minang or Padang) is indigenous to the highlands of West Sumatra, in Indonesia. ... Motto: Tuah Sakato. ...

Aceh was once a meeting point for people from many nations, and among the present day Acehnese can be found some individuals with blue eyes, as well as others of Arab, Turkish and Indian descent. Before the tsunami, the region of Daya (Lamno) area used to have an unsually high number of people with fair complexions(Ureuëng Gayo), and local traditions attributed this to Turkish ancestry. [2] [3] [4] [5] The Arabs (Arabic: Ø¹Ø±Ø¨) are a heterogenous ethnic group who are predominantly speakers of the Arabic language, mainly found throughout the Middle East and North Africa. ...

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Categories: Muslim history | Provinces of Indonesia | Disputed territories | Unrecognized or largely-unrecognized states Image File history File links Portal. ... Ethnography (from the Greek ethnos = nation and graphein = writing) refers to the genre of writing that presents qualitative description of human social phenomena, based on fieldwork. ... The province (Indonesian: provinsi) is the highest tier of local government subnational entity in Indonesia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Indonesia. ... Sumatra (also spelled Sumatera) is the sixth largest island of the world (approximately 470,000 kmÂ²) and is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two larger islands, Borneo and New Guinea, are partially in Indonesia). ... Map of North Sumatra province within Indonesia North Sumatra (Indonesian: Sumatera Utara) is one of the provinces of Indonesia. ... Motto: Tuah Sakato. ... Bengkulu is a province of Indonesia. ... 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